List of the Dead Sea Scrolls
A view of part of the Temple Scroll that was found in Qumran Cave 11. | |
Material | Papyrus, Parchment, and Bronze |
---|---|
Writing | Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Nabataean |
Created | Est. 408 BCE to 318 CE |
Discovered | 1946/7 - 1956 |
Present location | Various |
A list of the Dead Sea Scrolls, a collection of manuscripts discovered between 1946 and 1956 in the West Bank near the Dead Sea. The following is a list of the Dead Sea Scrolls from the caves near Qumran:
The Dead Sea Scrolls
Information is not always comprehensive, as content for many scrolls has not yet been fully published. Some resources for more complete information on the scrolls are the book by Emanuel Tov, "Revised Lists of the Texts from the Judaean Desert"[1] for a complete list of all of the Dead Sea Scroll texts, as well as the online webpages for the Shrine of the Book[2] and the Leon Levy Collection,[3] both of which present photographs and images of the scrolls and fragments themselves for closer study.
Fragment or Scroll Identifier | Fragment or Scroll Name | Alternative Identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/Script | Description | Reference | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1QIsaa | Great Isaiah Scroll | Isaiah 1:1–31; 2:1–22; 3:1-5:30; 6:1–13; 7:1–25; 8:1–23; 9:1–20; 10:1–34; 11:1-45:25; 46:1-66:24 | |||||||||||||
1QIsab | The Book of Isaiah | A second copy of portions of the Book of Isaiah | |||||||||||||
1QS | Serekh ha-Yahad or "Community Rule" | cf. 4QSa-j = 4Q255-64, 5Q11 | |||||||||||||
1QpHab | Pesher on Habakkuk | ||||||||||||||
1QM | Milhamah or War Scroll | cf. 4Q491, 4Q493; 11Q14? | |||||||||||||
1QHa | Hodayot or Thanksgiving Hymns | ||||||||||||||
1QapGen | Genesis Apocryphon | Genesis 12:18-15:4 | Aramaic | ||||||||||||
CTLevi | Cairo Geniza or Testament of Levi | Aramaic | |||||||||||||
1QGen | 1Q1 | Genesis 1:18-21; 3:11-14; 22:13-15; 23:17-19; 24:22-24 | Hebrew | ||||||||||||
1QExod | 1Q2 | Exodus 16:12-16; 19:24-20:2, 20:5-6; 20:25-21:1; 21:4-5 | |||||||||||||
1QpaleoLev | 1Q3 | Leviticus 11:10-11; 19:30-34; 20:20-24; 21:24-22:6; 23:4-8 and Numbers 1:48-50 | Palaeo-Hebrew | ||||||||||||
1QDeuta | 1Q4 | Deuteronomy 1:22–25; 4:47–49; 8:18–19; 9:27–28; 11:27–30; 13:1–6, 13–14; 14:21, 24–25; 16:4, 6–7 | Hebrew | [4] | |||||||||||
1QDeutb | 1Q5 | Deuteronomy 1:9–13; 8:8–9; 9:10; 11:30–31; 15:14-15; 17:16; 21:8–9; 24:10–16; 25:13–18; 28:44–48; 29:9–20; 30:19–20; 31:1–10, 12–13; 32:17–29; 33:12–24 | Hebrew | [4] | |||||||||||
1QJudg | 1Q6 | Judges 6:20–22; 8:1(?); 9:2–6, 28–31, 40–43, 48–49 | |||||||||||||
1QSam | 1Q7 | Samuel 18:17–18; 2 Samuel 20:6–10; 21:16–18; 23:9–12 | |||||||||||||
1QIsab | Parts of 1QIsab as 1Q8 | Isaiah 7:22–25; 8:1; 10:17–19; 12:3–6; 13:1–8, 16–19; 15:3–9; 16:1–2, 7–11; 19:7–17, 20–25; 20:1; 22:11–18, 24–25; 23:1–4; 24:18–23; 25:1–8; 26:1–5; 28:15–20; 29:1–8; 30:10–14, 21–26; 35:4–5; 37:8–12; 38:12–22; 39:1–8; 40:2–3; 41:3–23; 43:1–13, 23–27; 44:21–28; 45:1–13; 46:3–13; 47:1–14; 48:17–22; 49:1–15; 50:7–11; 51:1–10; 52:7–15; 53:1–12; 54:1–6; 55:2–13; 56:1–12; 57:1–4, 17–21; 58:1–14; 59:1–8, 20–21; 60:1–22; 61:1–2; 62:2–12; 63:1–19; 64:1, 6–8; 65:17–25; 66:1–24 | |||||||||||||
1QEzek | Parts of 1QIsab as 1Q9 | Ezekiel 4:16–17; 5:1 | |||||||||||||
1QPsa | 1Q10 | Psalms 86:5–8; 92:12–14; 94:16; 95:11–96:2; 119:31–34, 43–48, 77–79 | Hebrew | [5] | |||||||||||
1QPsb | 1Q11 | Psalms 126:6; 127:1–5; 128:3 | |||||||||||||
1QPsc | 1Q12 | Psalms 44:3–5, 7, 9, 23–25 | |||||||||||||
1QPhyl | 1Q13 | Deuteronomy 5:23-27; 11:8-11 | Hebrew | 58 fragments from a Phylactery | [4] | ||||||||||
1QpMic | Pesher on Micah | 1Q14 | |||||||||||||
1QpZeph | Pesher on Zephaniah | 1Q15 | |||||||||||||
1QpPs | Pesher on Psalms | 1Q16 | |||||||||||||
1QJuba | 1Q17 | Jubilees | |||||||||||||
1QJubb | 1Q18 | Jubilees | |||||||||||||
1QNoah | 1Q19 | Parts of the lost Book of Noah | |||||||||||||
1QapGen | Fragments of the "Genesis Apocryphon" | 1Q20 | Aramaic | ||||||||||||
1QTLevi | Testament of Levi | 1Q21 | Aramaic | ||||||||||||
1QDM | "Dibrê Moshe" or "Words of Moses" | 1Q22 | |||||||||||||
1QEnGiantsa | Book of Giants | 1Q23 | Enoch | Aramaic | |||||||||||
1QEnGiantsb | Book of Giants | 1Q24 | Enoch | Aramaic | |||||||||||
1Q25 | "Apocryphal Prophecy" | ||||||||||||||
1Q26 | "Instruction" | ||||||||||||||
1QMyst | "Mysteries" | 1Q27 | |||||||||||||
1Q28 | Fragment from "Community Rule" | ||||||||||||||
1QSa | "Rule of the Congregation" | 1Q28a | |||||||||||||
1QSb | "Rule of the Blessing" or "Rule of the Benedictions" | 1Q28b | |||||||||||||
1Q29 | "Liturgy of the Three Tongues of Fire" | ||||||||||||||
1Q30 | "Liturgical Text 1" | ||||||||||||||
1Q31 | "Liturgical Text 2" | ||||||||||||||
1QNJ | "New Jerusalem" | 1Q32
(cf. 11Q18) |
Aramaic | ||||||||||||
1QM | Fragment of the 1QM or "War Scroll" or "Milhamah" | 1Q33 | Deuteronomy 20:2-5; Numbers 10:9, 24:17-19; Isaiah 31:8 | Hebrew | 30-1 BCE
Early Herodian |
[4] | |||||||||
1QLitPr | "Liturgical Prayers" or "Festival Prayers" | 1Q34 | |||||||||||||
1QHb | Hodayot" or "Thanksgiving Hymns" | 1Q35 | |||||||||||||
1Q36-40 | "Hymnic Composition" | ||||||||||||||
1Q41-70 | Unclassified Fragments | ||||||||||||||
1QDana | 1Q71 | Daniel 1:10–17; 2:2–6 | |||||||||||||
1QDanb | 1Q72 | Daniel 3:22–30 | |||||||||||||
2QGen | 2Q1 | Book of Genesis 19:27–28; 36:6, 35–37 | |||||||||||||
2QExoda | 2Q2 | Exodus 1:11–14; 7:1–4; 9:27–29; 11:3–7; 12:32–41; 21:18–20(?); 26:11–13; 30:21(?), 23–25; 32:32–34 | |||||||||||||
2QExodb | 2Q3 | Exodus 4:31; 12:26–27(?); 18:21–22; 19:9; 21:37; 22:1–2, 15–19; 27:17–19; 31:16–17; 34:10 | |||||||||||||
2QExodc | 2Q4 | Exodus 5:3–5 | |||||||||||||
2QpaleoLev | 2Q5 | Leviticus 11:22-29 | Palaeo-Hebrew | ||||||||||||
2QNuma | 2Q6 | Numbers 3:38–41, 51; 4:1–3 | |||||||||||||
2QNumb | 2Q7 | Numbers 33:47–53 | |||||||||||||
2QNumc | 2Q8 | Numbers 7:88 | |||||||||||||
2QNumd | 2Q9 | Numbers 18:8–9 | |||||||||||||
2QDeuta | 2Q10 | Deuteronomy 1:7–9 | Hebrew | 50-25 BCE
Late Hasmonean or Early Herodian |
[4] | ||||||||||
2QDeutb | 2Q11 | Deuteronomy 17:12–15 | Hebrew | 30 BCE - 68 CE
Herodian |
[4] | ||||||||||
2QDeutc | 2Q12 | Deuteronomy 10:8-12 | Hebrew | 1-68 CE
Late Herodian |
[4] | ||||||||||
2QJer | 2Q13 | Jeremiah 42:7–11, 14; 43:8–11; 44:1–3, 12–14; 46:27–28; 47:1–7; 48:7, 25–39, 43–45; 49:10 | |||||||||||||
2QPs | 2Q14 | Psalms 103:2–11; 104:6–11 | |||||||||||||
2QJob | 2Q15 | Job 33:28-30 | |||||||||||||
2QRutha | 2Q16 | Ruth 2:13–23; 3:1–8; 4:3–4 | |||||||||||||
2QRuthb | 2Q17 | Ruth 3:13–18 | |||||||||||||
2QSir | "Wisdom of Sirach" or "Ecclesiasticus" | 2Q18 | |||||||||||||
2QJuba | 2Q19 | Genesis 25:7-9; Book of Jubilees | |||||||||||||
2QJubb | 2Q20 | The Book of Jubilees | |||||||||||||
2QapMoses | "Apocryphon of Moses" | 2Q21 | |||||||||||||
2QapDavid | "Apocryphon of David" | 2Q22 | |||||||||||||
2QapProph | "Apocryphal Prophecy" | 2Q23 | |||||||||||||
2QNJ | "New Jerusalem" | 2Q24
(cf. 1Q32 ar, 11Q18 ar) |
Aramaic | ||||||||||||
2Q25 | "Juridical Text" | 2Q25 | |||||||||||||
2QEnGiants | 2Q26
(cf. 6Q8) |
"Book of Giants" from "Enoch" | Aramaic | ||||||||||||
2Q27
2Q28 2Q29 2Q30 2Q31 2Q32 2Q33 |
2Q27
2Q28 2Q29 2Q30 2Q31 2Q32 2Q33 |
Unidentified Texts | |||||||||||||
3QEzek | 3Q1 | Ezekiel 16:31-33 | |||||||||||||
3QPs | 3Q2 | Psalms 2:6-7 | |||||||||||||
3QLam | 3Q3 | Lamentations 1:10–12; 3:53–62 | |||||||||||||
3QpIsa | Pesher on Isaiah | 3Q4 | Isaiah 1:1 | [6] | |||||||||||
3QJub | 3Q5 | Jubilees 23:6-7,12-13,23 | [6] | ||||||||||||
3QHymn | Unidentified Hymn | 3Q6 | Hymn of Praise | [6] | |||||||||||
3QTJudah | Testament of Judah | 3Q7 | Hebrew | cf. 4Q484, 4Q538 | [6] | ||||||||||
3QUnid | 3Q8 | Text about an Angel of Peace | [6] | ||||||||||||
3QSectarian text | 3Q9 | Possible unidentified Sectarian text | [6] | ||||||||||||
3QUnc | 3Q10
3Q11 |
Hebrew | Unclassified fragments | [6] | |||||||||||
3QUncA-B | Unclassified fragments | 3Q12
3Q13 |
Aramaic | Unclassified fragments | [6] | ||||||||||
3QUncC | 3Q14 | 21 unclassified fragments | [6] | ||||||||||||
3QCopScr | The Copper Scroll | 3Q15 | Copper plaque mentioning buried treasures | [6] | |||||||||||
4QGen-Exoda | Genesis-Exodus | 4Q1 | Genesis 8:20-21; Exodus 1–4; 5:3-17; 6:4-21,25; 7:5-13,15-20; 8:20-22; 9:8; 22:14; 27:38-39,42-43; 34:17-21 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments from Genesis to Numbers | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QGenb | Genesis | 4Q2 | Genesis 1:1–27; 2:14–19; 4:2–4; 5:13 | Hebrew | Roman | Fragment of Genesis | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QGenc | 4Q3 | Genesis 40-41 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Genesis | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QGend | 4Q4 | Genesis 1:18-27 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Genesis on the Beginning of Creation | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QGene | 4Q5 | Genesis 36–37; 40–43; 49 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Genesis | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QGenf | 4Q6 | Genesis 48:1–11 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Genesis | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QGeng | 4Q7 | Genesis 1:1-11,13-22; 2:6-7 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Genesis about Creation | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QGenh 4QGenh2 4QGenh-para 4QGenh-title |
4Q8 4Q8a 4Q8b 4Q8c |
Genesis 1:8-10; 2:17-18; 12:4–5 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Genesis about the beginning to early mankind | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QGenj | 4Q9 | Genesis 41–43; 45 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Genesis | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QGenk | 4Q10 | Genesis 1:9,14-16,27-28; 2:1-3; 3:1-2 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Genesis | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QExodl | Paleo-Genesis/ Exodus | 4Q11 | Genesis 50:26; Exodus 1:1–5; 2:10,22–25; 3:1–4,17–21; 8:13–15, 19–21; 9:25–29, 33–35; 10:1–5; 11:4–10; 12:1–11, 42–46; 14:15–24; 16:2–7, 13–14,18–20,23–25,26–31,33–35; 17:1–3,5–11; 18:17–24; 19:24–25; 20:1–2; 22:23–24; 23:5–16; 25:7–20; 26:29–37; 27:1, 6–14; 28:33–35,40–42; 36:34–36 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Genesis and Exodus | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QpaleoGenm | Paleo-Genesis | 4Q12 | Genesis 26:21-28 Exodus 6:25–30; 7:1–19,29; 8:1,5,12–26; 9:5–16,19–21,35; 10:1–12,19–28; 11:8–10; 12:1–2,6–8,13–15,17–22,31–32,34–39; 13:3–7,12–13; 14:3–5,8–9,25–26; 15:23–27; 16:1,4–5,7–8,31–35; 17:1–16; 18:1–27; 19:1,7–17,23–25; 20:1,18–19; 21:5–6, 13–14,22–32; 22:3–4,6–7,11–13,16–30; 23:15–16,19–31; 24:1–4,6–11; 25:11–12,20–29,31–34; 26:8,15,21–30; 27:1–3,9–14,18–19; 28:3–4,8–12,22–24,26–28,30–43; 29:1–5,20,22–25,31–41; 30:10,12–18,29–31,34–38; 31:1–8,13–15; 32:2–19,25–30; 33:12–23; 34:1–3,10–13,15–18,20–24,27–28; 35:1; 36:21–24; 37:9–16 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragment from Genesis | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QExodb | Exodus | 4Q13 | Exodus 1:1-6,16-12; 2:2-18; 3:13 - 4:8; 5:3-14 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Exodus about Slavery in Egypt | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QExodc | 4Q14 | Exodus 7:17-19,20-23; 7:26 - 8:1; 8:5-14,16-18,22; 9:10-11,15-20,22-25,27-35; 10:1-5,7-9,12-19,23-24; 11:9-10; 12:12-16,31-48; 13:18 - 14:3; 14:3-13; 17:1 - 18:12 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Exodus | ||||||||||
4QExodd | 4Q15 | Exodus 13:15–16 followed directly by 15:1 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Exodus about the Passover and a Hymn | [3][6][7] | |||||||||
4QExode | 4Q16 | Exodus 13:3–5,15–16 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Exodus about the Passover and a Hymn | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QExod-Levf | Exodus- Leviticus | 4Q17 | Exodus 38:18-22; 39:3-19; 39:20-24; 40:8-27. Leviticus 1:13-15; 1:17 - 2:1 | Hebrew | Early Hellenistic | Fragments of Exodus and Leviticus | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QExodg | Exodus | 4Q18 | Exodus 14:21–27; | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Exodus | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QExodh | 4Q19 | Exodus 1:1–5; 6:3-6 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Exodus | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QExodj | 4Q20 | Exodus 7:29-8:1 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Exodus | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QExodk | 4Q21 | Exodus 26:8–9 | Hebrew | Roman | Fragments of Exodus | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QpaleoExodm | Paleo-Exodus | 4Q22 | Exodus 6:25-7:19,29-8:1,12-22; 9:5-16,19-21,35-10:12,19-28 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Exodus | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QLevNuma | Leviticus- Numbers | 4Q23 | Leviticus 15:20–23; 16:22–28; 27:10–12; | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Leviticus | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QLevb | Leviticus | 4Q24 | Leviticus 1:11–17; 2:1–2, 5–8; 22:9–33; 23:2–8,11–14,16–22; 24:3–23; 25:28–29,45–49; | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Leviticus | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QLevc | 4Q25 | Leviticus 4:13–14; | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Fragments of Leviticus | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QLevg 4QLevd | 4Q26
4Q26a |
Leviticus 14:26–30, 33–37; 15:20–24; 17:1–12 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Fragments of Leviticus | [3][6] | |||||||||
4QNumLeva | Numbers-Leviticus | Leviticus 1:36–40; 2:31–32; 3:5–8, 10–18; 4:2–3, 5–11, 40–44, 47; 5:3–4; 8:7–12; 9:3–10, 19–20; 12:4–11; 13:18; | Fragments of Numbers and Leviticus | [3][6] | |||||||||||
4QNumb | Numbers | 4Q27 | Numbers 11:31–35; 12:1–6,8–11; 13:7,10–13,15–24; 15:41–16:11; 17:12–17; 18:25–19:6; 20:12–13,16–17,19–29; 21:1–2,12–13; 22:5–21,31–34,37–38,41–23:4,6,13–15,21–22,27–24:10; 25:4–8,16–18; 26:1–5,7–10,12,14–34,62–27:5,7–8,10,18–19,21–23; 28:13–17,28,30–31; 29:10–13,16–18,26–30; 30:1–3,5–9,15–16; 31:2–6,21–25,30–33,35–36,38,43–44,46–32:1,7–10,13–17,19,23–30,35,37–39,41; 33:1–4,23,25,28,31,45,47–48,50–52; 34:4–9,19–21,23; 35:3–5,12,14–15,18–25,27–28, 33–36:2,4–7 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Numbers | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QDeuta | Deuteronomy | 4Q28 | Deuteronomy 23:26-24:8 | Hebrew | 175-150 BCE
Transitional: Archaic to Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | ||||||||
4QDeutb | 4Q29 | Deuteronomy 29:24–27; 30:3–14; 31:9–17,24–30, 32:1-3 | Hebrew | 150-100 BCE
Early Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutc | 4Q30 | Deuteronomy 3:25; 4:13–17,31–32; 7:3–4; 8:1–5; 9:11–12, 17–19,29; 10:1–2,5–8; 11:2–4,9–13,18–19; 12:18–19,26,30–31; 13:5–7,11–12,16; 15:1–5,15–19; 16:2–3,5–11,20–17:7,15–18:1; 26:19— 27:2,24–28:14,18–20,22–25,29–30,48–50,61; 29:17–19; 31:16–19; 32:3 | Hebrew | 150-100 BCE
Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutd | 4Q31 | Deuteronomy 2:24–33; 3:14–29; 4:1 | Hebrew | 124-75 BCE
Middle Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeute | 4Q32 | Deuteronomy 3:24; 7:12–16,21–26; 8:1–16 | Hebrew | 50-25 BCE
Late Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutf | 4Q33 | Deuteronomy 4:23–27; 7:22–26; 8:2–14; 9:6–7; 17:17–18; 18:6–10,18–22; 19:17–21; 20:1–6; 21:4–12; 22:12–19; 23:21–26; 24:2–7; 25:3–9; 26:18–27:10 | Hebrew | 75-50 BCE
Late Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutg | 4Q34 | Deuteronomy 9:12–14; 23:18–20; 24:16–22; 25:1–5,14–19; 26:1–5; 28:21–25,27–29 | Hebrew | 1-25 CE
Middle Herodian |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeuth | 4Q35 | Deuteronomy 1:1–17,22–23,29–41,43–2:6,28–30; 19:21; 31:9–11; 33:9-22 | Hebrew | 50-1 BCE
Transitional: Hasmonean to Early Herodian |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeuti | 4Q36 | Deuteronomy 20:9–13; 21:23; 22:1–9; 23:6–8, 12-16, 22–26; 24:1 | Hebrew | 100-50 BCE
Late Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutj | 4Q37 | Exodus 12:43–44, 46-51; 13:1–5; Deuteronomy 5:1–11, 13–15, 21–33; 6:1–3; 8:5–10; 11:6–10, 12–13; 30:17-18; 32:7–8 | Hebrew | 50 CE
Late Herodian |
Fragments of Exodus and Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutk1 | 4Q38 | Deuteronomy 5:28–31; 11:6–13; 32:17–18, 22–23, 25–27; | Hebrew | 30-1 BCE
Early Herodian |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutk2 | 4Q38a | Deuteronomy 19: 8-16; 20: 6-19; 21:16; 23:22-26; 24:1-3; 25:19; 26:1-5, 18-19; 27:1 | Hebrew | 30-1 BCE
Early Herodian |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutk3 | 4Q38b | Deuteronomy 30: 16-18 | Hebrew | 50 CE
Late Herodian |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [6][8] | |||||||||
4QDeutl | 4Q39 | Deuteronomy 10:1,14-15; 28:67–68; 29:2–5; 31:12; 33:1–2; 34:4–6,8 | Hebrew | 50 CE
Late Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy about choosing Life or Death | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutm | 4Q40 | Deuteronomy 3:18–22; 4:32–33; 7:18–22 | Hebrew | 50-1 BCE
Transitional: Hasmonean to Herodian |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutn | All Souls Deuteronomy | 4Q41 | Deuteronomy 5:1–33; 6:1; 8:5–10 | Hebrew | 30-1 BCE
Early Herodian |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | ||||||||
4QDeuto | Deuteronomy | 4Q42 | Deuteronomy 2:8; 4:30–34; 5:1–5, 8–9; 28:15–18, 33–36, 47–52, 58–62; 29:22–25; | Hebrew | 75-50 BCE
Late Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | ||||||||
4QDeutp | 4Q43 | Deuteronomy 6:4–11 | Hebrew | 75-50 BCE
Late Hasmonean |
Fragments of Deuteronomy about Loving God | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QDeutq | 4Q44 | Deuteronomy 32:9-10, 37–43 | Hebrew | 50 BCE-25 CE
Late Hasmonean or Early Herodian |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QpaleoDeutr | Paleo-Deuteronomy | 4Q45 | Deuteronomy 7:2–7, 16–25; 11:28,30–12:1,11–12; 13:19; 14:19–22, 26–29; 15:5–6, 8–10; 19:2–3; 21:8-9; 22:3–6,12–15; 28:15–18, 20; 30:7-8; 32:2–8,10–11,13–14; 33:2–8, 29-34:1 | Hebrew | 100-25 BCE
Paleo-Hebrew |
Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | ||||||||
4QpaleoDeuts | 4Q46 | Deuteronomy 26:14–15 | Hebrew | 250-200 BCE
Archaic Paleo-Hebrew |
Fragments of Deuteronomy about giving Tithes | [4][6] | |||||||||
4QJosha | Joshua | 4Q47 | Joshua 6:5–10; 7:12–15; 8:3–5, 7–9; 10:3–11; | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Joshua | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QJoshb | 4Q48 | Joshua 2:11–12; 3:15–16; 4:1–3; 17:11–15 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QJudga | Judges | 4Q49 | Judges 6:2–6, 11–13 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Judges | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QJudgb | 4Q50 | Judges 19:5–7; 21:12–25 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QSama | Samuel | 4Q51 | 1 Samuel 1:2–28; 2:1–6,8–11,13–36; 3:1–4,18–20; 4:9–12; 5:8–12; 6:1–7,12–13,16–18,20–21; 7:1; 8:9–20; 9:6–8,11–12,16–24; 10:3–18,25–27; 11:1,7–12; 12:7–8,14–19; 14:24–25,28–34,47–51; 15:24–32; 17:3–6; 24:4–5,8–9,14–23; 25:3–12,20–21,25–26,39–40; 26:10–12,21–23; 27:8–12; 28:1–2,22–25; 30:28–30; 31:2–4; 2 Samuel 2:5–16,25–27,29–32; 3:1–8,23–39; 4:1–4,9–12; 5:1–3,6-16; 6:2–9,12–18; 7:23–29; 8:2–8; 10:4–7,18–19; 11:2–12,16–20; 12:4–5,8–9,13–20,30–31; 13:1–6,13–34,36–39; 14:1–3,18–19; 15:1–6,27–31; 16:1–2,11–13,17–18,21–23; 18:2–7,9–11; 19:7–12; 20:2–3,9–14,23–26; 21:1–2,4–6,15–17; 22:30–51; 23:1–6; 24:16–20 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QSamb | 4Q52 | 1 Samuel 16:1–11; 19:10–17; 20:27–42; 21:1–10; 23:9–17 | Hebrew | Early Hellenistic | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QSamc | 4Q53 | 1 Samuel 25:30–32; 2 Samuel 14:7–33; 15:1–15 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QKgs | Kings | 4Q54 | 1 Kings 7:31–41; 8:1–9,16–18 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of 1 Kings | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QIsaa | Isaiah | 4Q55 | Isaiah 1:1–3; 2:7–10; 4:5–6; 6:4–7; 11:12–15; 12:4–6; 13:4–6; 17:9–14; 19:9–14; 20:1–6; 21:1–2,4–16; 22:13–25; 23:1–12 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Isaiah, including elements on punishment (4Q67) and God's blessings for his people (4Q67, 4Q69a). | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QIsab | 4Q56 | Isaiah 1:1–6; 2:3–16; 3:14–22; 5:15–28; 9:10–11; 11:7–9; 12:2; 13:3–18; 17:8–14; 18:1,5–7; 19:1–25; 20:1–4; 21:11–14; 22:24–25; 24:2; 26:1–5,7–19; 35:9–10; 36:1–2; 37:2932; 39:1–8; 40:1–4,22–26; 41:8–11; 43:12–15; 44:19–28; 45:20–25; 46:1–3; 49:21–23; 51:14–16; 52:2,7; 53:11–12; 61:1–3; 64:5–11; 65:1; 66:24 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsac | 4Q57 | Isaiah 9:3–12; 10:23–32; 11:4–11,15–16; 12:1; 14:1–5,13; 22:10–14; 23:8–18; 24:1–15,19–23; 25:1–2,8–12; 30:8–17; 33:2–8,16–23; 45:1–4,6–13; 48:10–13,17–19; 50:7–11; 51:1–16; 52:10–15; 53:1–3,6–8; 54:3–17; 55:1–6; 66:20–24 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsad | 4Q58 | Isaiah 46:10–13; 47:1–6,8–9; 48:8–22; 49:1–15; 52:4–7; 53:8–12; 54:1–11; 57:9–21; 58:1–3,5–7 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsae | 4Q59 | Isaiah 2:1-4; 7:17-20; 8:2-14; 9:17-20; 10:1-10; 11:14-15; 12:1-6; 13:1-4; 14:1-13,20-24; 59:15-16 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsaf | 4Q60 | Isaiah 1:10-16,18-31; 2:1-3; 5:13-14, 25; 6:3-8,10-13; 7:16-18,23-25; 8:1,4-11; 20:4-6; 22:14-22,25; 24:1-3; 27:1,5-6,8-12; 28:6-9,16-18,22,24; 29:8 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsag | 4Q61 | Isaiah 42:14-25; 43:1-4,17-24 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsah | 4Q61 | Isaiah 42:4-11 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsai | 4Q62 | Isaiah 56:7-8; 57:5-8 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsaj | 4Q63 | Isaiah 1:1-6 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsak | 4Q64 | Isaiah 28:26-29:9 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsal | 4Q65 | Isaiah 7:14-15; 8:11-14 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsam | 4Q66 | Isaiah 60:20-61:1,3-6 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsan | 4Q67 | Isaiah 58:13-14 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsao | 4Q68 | Isaiah 14:28-15:2 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QIsap | 4Q69 | Isaiah 5:28-30 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6][9] | ||||||||||
4QIsaq | 4Q69a | Isaiah 54:10-13 | [6][9] | ||||||||||||
4QIsar | 4Q69b | Isaiah 30:23 | [6][9] | ||||||||||||
4QJera | Jeremiah | 4Q70 | Jeremiah 4, 7-15, 17-22, 25-27, 30-33, 42-44, and 46-50 | 200 BCE - 1 BCE | [10][11] | ||||||||||
4QJerb | 4Q71 | [10][11] | |||||||||||||
4QJerc | 4Q72 | [10][11] | |||||||||||||
4QJerd | 4Q71a | [10][11] | |||||||||||||
4QJere | 4Q71b | [10][11] | |||||||||||||
4QPsa | Psalms | 4Q83 | Psalms 5:9–13; 6:1–4; 25:15; 31:24–25; 33:1–12; 35:2,14–20,26–28; 36:1–9; 38:2–12,16–23; 47:2; 53:4–7; 54:1–6; 56:4; 62:13; 63:2–4; 66:16–20; 67:1–7; 69:1–19; 71:1–14; | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Psalms, including elements on putting one's hope in God (4Q98d), the earth shaking at the presence of God (4Q98e), the blessings of God's Children and the struggle of the wicked (4Q98f). | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QPsb | 4Q84 | Psalms 91:5–8,12–15; 92:4–8,13–15; 93:5; 94:1–4,8–14,17–18,21–22; 96:2; 98:4; 99:5–6; 100:1–2; 102:5,10–29; 103:1–6,9–14,20–21; 112:4–5; 113:1; 115:2–3; 116:17–19; 118:1–3,6–11,18–20,23–26,29 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsc | 4Q85 | Psalms 16:7–9; 18:3–14,16–18,33–41; 27:12–14; 28:1–2,4; 35:27–28; 37:18–19; 45:8–11; 49:1–17; 50:14–23; 51:1–5; 52:6–11; 53:1 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsd | 4Q86 | Psalms 146:10; 147:1–3,13–17,20; 104:1–5,8–11,14–15,22–25,33–35 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPse | 4Q87 | Psalms 76:10–12; 77:1; 78:6–7,31–33; 81:2–3; 86:10–11; 88:1–4; 89:44–46,50–53; 104:1–3,20–21; 105:22–24,36–45; 109:13; 115:15–18; 116:1–3; 120:6; 125:2–5; 126:1–5; 129:8; 130:1–3 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsf | 4Q88 | Psalms 22:14–17; 107:2–4,8–11,13–15,18–19,22–30,35; 109:4–6, 25–28; Apostrophe to Zion; Apostrophe to Judah; Eschatological Hymn | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsg | 4Q89 | Psalms 119:37–43,44–46,49–50,73,81–83,90 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsh | 4Q90 | Psalms 119:10–21 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsj | 4Q91 | Psalms 48:1–7; 49:6,9–12,15,17 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsk | 4Q92 | Psalms 26:7–12; 27:1; 30:9–13; 135:7–16; | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsl | 4Q93 | Psalms 104:3–5,11–12 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsm | 4Q94 | Psalms 93:3–5; 95:3–6; 97:6–9; 98:4–8 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsn | 4Q95 | Psalms 135:6–8,11–12; 136:23 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPso | 4Q96 | Psalms 114:7–8; 115:1–4; 116:5–10 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsp | 4Q97 | Psalms 143:6–8 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsq | 4Q98 | Psalms 31:25 33:1–18; 35:4–20 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPsr | 4Q98a | Psalms 26:7–12; 27:1; 30:9–13 | [6] | ||||||||||||
4QPss | 4Q98b | Psalms 5:8–13; 6:1 | [6] | ||||||||||||
4QPst | 4Q98c | Psalms 88:15-17 | [6] | ||||||||||||
4QPsu | 4Q98d | Psalms 42:5 | [6] | ||||||||||||
4QPsv | 4Q98e | Psalms 99:1 | [6] | ||||||||||||
4QPsw | 4Q98f | Psalms 112:1-9 | [6] | ||||||||||||
4QPsx | 4Q98g | Psalms 89:20–22,23,26–28,31 | [6] | ||||||||||||
4QJoba | Job | 4Q99 | Job 36 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Job | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QJobb | 4Q100 | Job 13:4-5 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QpaleoJobc | Paleo-Job | 4Q101 | Job 13:18-20, 23-27; 14:13-18 | Hebrew | Early Hellenistic | - | |||||||||
4QProva | Proverbs | 4Q102 | Proverbs 1:27–33; 2:1; chs. 14-15 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Proverbs | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QProvb | 4Q103 | Proverbs 14:31–35; 15:1–5,7–8,20–31 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QRutha | Ruth | 4Q104 | Ruth 1:1-12 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Ruth | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QRuthb | 4Q105 | Ruth 1:1-2, 12-15 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QCanta | Canticles | 4Q106 | Song of Songs 3:7–11; 4:1–7 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of Song of Songs, including an introduction (4Q106). | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QCantb | 4Q107 | Song of Songs 2:9–17; 3:1–2; 4:1–11, 14–5:1 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QCantc | 4Q108 | Song of Songs 3:7–8 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | - | ||||||||||
4QQoha | Ecclesiastes | 4Q109 | Ecclesiastes 5:13–17; 6:1,3–8,12; 7:1–10,19–20 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Ecclesiastes | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QQohb | 4Q110 | Ecclesiastes 1:10–15 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QEzra | Ezra | 4Q117 | Ezra 4:2-6, 9-11; 5:17; 6:1-5 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Ezra | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QChr | Chronicles | 4Q118 | 2 Chronicles 28:27; 29:1-3 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments of 2 Chronicles | - | ||||||||
4QLXXLeva | Septuagint Leviticus | 4Q119 | Leviticus 26:2–16 | Greek | Hasmonean | Fragments of Leviticus | [3][6] | ||||||||
pap4QLXXLevb | 4Q120 | Leviticus 1:11; 2:3–5,7–8; 3:4,7,9–14; 4:4,6–8,10–11,18–19,26–28,30; 5:6,8–10,16–19; 6:1–5; | Greek | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QLXXNumb | Septuagint Numbers | 4Q121 | Numbers 3:40–43,50-51; 4:1,5–9,11–16; 3:39 | Greek | Herodian | Fragments of Numbers | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QLXXDeut | Septuagint Deuteronomy | 4Q122 | Deuteronomy 11:4 | Greek | Early Hellenistic | Fragments of Deuteronomy | [4][6] | ||||||||
4QPhyla | Phylactery Scrolls | 4Q128 | Deuteronomy 5:1-14,27-6:3; 10:12-11:21; Exodus 12:43-13:7 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Fragments of Deuteronomy and Exodus. | [3][4][6] | ||||||||
4QPhylb | 4Q129 | Exodus 13:9-16 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylc | 4Q130 | Exodus 13:13-16, Deuteronomy 6:4-9; 11:13-21 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhyld | 4Q131 | Deuteronomy 11:13-21 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhyle | 4Q132 | Exodus 13:1-10 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylf | 4Q133 | Exodus 13:11-16 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylg | 4Q134 | Deuteronomy 5:1-21; Exodus 13:11-12 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylh | 4Q135 | Deuteronomy 5:22-6:5; Exodus 13:14-16 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhyli | 4Q136 | Deuteronomy 6:6-7; 11:13-21; Exodus 12:43-13:10 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylj | 4Q137 | Deuteronomy 5:1-32; 6:2-3 | Hebrew | N/A | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylk | 4Q138 | Deuteronomy 10:12-11:17 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhyll | 4Q139 | Deuteronomy 5:7-24 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylm | 4Q140 | Exodus 12:44-13:10; Deuteronomy 5:33-6:5 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhyln | 4Q141 | Deuteronomy 32:14-20, 32-33 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylo | 4Q142 | Deuteronomy 5:1-16, 6:7-9 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylp | 4Q143 | Deuteronomy 10:22-11:3,18-21 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylq | 4Q144 | Exodus 13:4-9; Deuteronomy 11:4-18 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylr | 4Q145 | Exodus 13:1-10 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhyls | 4Q146 | Deuteronomy 11:19-21 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][4][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylt | 4Q147 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Could not be Decifered | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QPhylu | 4Q148 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3][6] | |||||||||||
4QMeza | Mezuzah Scrolls | 4Q149 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Exodus and Deuteronomy | [6][8] | |||||||||
4QMezb | 4Q150 | Deuteronomy 6:5–6; 10:14–11:2 | Hebrew | Herodian | [6][8] | ||||||||||
4QMezc | 4Q151 | Deuteronomy 5:27-6:9; 10:12-20 | Hebrew | Herodian | [6][8] | ||||||||||
4QMezd | 4Q152 | Deuteronomy 6:5-7 | Hebrew | Herodian | [6][8] | ||||||||||
4QMeze | 4Q153 | Deuteronomy 11:17-18 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [6][8] | ||||||||||
4QMezf | 4Q154 | Deuteronomy 13:1-4 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [6][8] | ||||||||||
4QMezg | 4Q155 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [6][8] | |||||||||||
4QtgLev | Targum of Leviticus | 4Q156 | Leviticus 16:12–15,18–21 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Fragments of Leviticus | [3][12] | ||||||||
4QtgJob | Targum of Job | 4Q157 | Job 3:5-6; 4:17-5:4 | Aramaic | Herodian | Fragments of Job | [3][12] | ||||||||
4QRPa | Reworked Pentateuch A | 4Q158 | Genesis 32:25-30; 32:31 ?; Exodus 3:12; 4:27-28; 19:17-23; 24:4-6; 20:12-17,19-21 (Samaritan), 22-26; 21:15-25, 32-37; 22:1-13; 30:32.34; Deuteronomy 5:30-31; 21:1-10 | Hebrew | Herodian | Reworked Pentateuch | [3][4][13][14] | ||||||||
4QOrdinancesa | Ordinances A | 4Q159 | Hebrew | Herodian | Non-biblical composition | [8] | |||||||||
4QVisSam | Vision of Samuel | 4Q160 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Non-biblical composition | [8] | |||||||||
4QpIsaiaha | Pesher Isaiah | 4Q161 | Hebrew | Herodian | Non-biblical composition | [8] | |||||||||
4QpIsaiahb | 4Q162 | Hebrew | Herodian | Non-biblical composition | [8] | ||||||||||
4QTest | Testimonia | 4Q175 | Deuteronomy 5:28-29; 18:18-19; 33:8-11
Numbers 24:15-17 Joshua 6:26, quoted in Psalms of Joshua (4Q379, frag. 22) |
Hebrew | Herodian | A list of quotations. | [3][4] | ||||||||
4QCommentary on Gen A | Commentary on Genesis | 4Q252 | Genesis 7:11; 8:5,13; 9:24; 22:10 | Hebrew | Herodian | Fragments/ commentary of Genesis. | [3][6] | ||||||||
4QCommentary on Gen C | 4Q254 | Genesis 9:24-25 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QCommentary on Gen D | 4Q254a | Genesis 6:15 | [6][8] | ||||||||||||
4QRPb | Reworked Pentateuch | 4Q364 | Genesis 25:18-21; 26:7-8; 27:39; 28:6; 29:32-33; 30:8-14,26-36; 31:47-53; 32:18-20,26-30; 34:2; 35:28; 37:7-8; 38:14-21; 44:30-34; 45:1,21-27; 48:14-15; Exodus 21:14-22; 19:17; 24:12-14,18; 25:1-2; 26:1,33-35; Numbers 14:16-20; 33:31-49; 20:17-18; Deuteronomy 2:8-14, 30-37; 3:2,18-23; 9:6-7,12-18, 21-25,27-29; 10:1-4, 6-7, 10-13,22; 11:1-2,6-9,23-24; 14:24-26 | Hebrew | Late Hasmonean or Herodian | Reworked Pentateuch | [3][4][6][13] | ||||||||
4QRPc | 4Q365 | Exodus 8:13-19; 9:9-12; 10:19-20; 14:10,12-21; 15:6-[21],22-26; 17:3-5; 18:13-16; 26:34-36; 28:16-20; 29:20-22; 30:27-38; 31:1-2; 35:[2]-5; 36:32-38; 37:29; 38:1-7; 39:1-19; Leviticus 11:1[3],17-[25],32-[33],[39]-[46]; 13:6-8,15-[19],51-52; 16:6-7; 18:[25]-[29]; 23:42-44; 24:1-2; 25:7-9; 26:17-32; 27:34; Numbers 1:1-5; 3:26-30; 4:47-49; 7:1,78-80; 8:11-12; 9:15-23; 10:1-[4]; 13:[11]-25,[28]-30; 15:26-[29]; 17:20-24; 27:11; 36:1-2; Deuteronomy 2:24; 19:20-21; 20:1 | Hebrew | Late Hasmonean/ Early Herodian | [3][4][6][13] | ||||||||||
4QRPd | 4Q366 | Exodus 21;35-37; 22:1-5; Leviticus 24:20-22; 25:39-43; Numbers 29:14-[25], 32-39; 30:1; Deuteronomy 16:13-14; 14:[13]-21 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3][4][6][13] | ||||||||||
4QRPe | 4Q367 | Leviticus 11:47; 12:1-8; 13:1; 15:14-15; 19:1-4,9-15; 20:13; 27:30-34 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6][13] | ||||||||||
4QapocrJosha | Apocryphon of Joshua | 4Q378 | Hebrew | Herodian | Texts drawing on the content of Joshua, Exodus and Numbers. | [3] | |||||||||
4QapocrJoshb | 4Q379 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3] | |||||||||||
4QpapGen or papJub | pap-Genesis or pap-Jubilees | 4Q483 | Genesis 1:28-29, or Book of Jubilees | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||||||||
4QTempleScrollb | Temple Scroll | 4Q524 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3][6] | ||||||||||
4QGenn | Genesis | 4Q576 | Genesis 34:7-10; 50:3 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | [3] | |||||||||
5QDeut | 5Q1 | Deuteronomy 7:15-24; 8:5-9:2 | Hebrew | [4][6] | |||||||||||
5QKgs | 5Q2 | 1 Kings 1:1,16-17,27-37 | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QIsa | 5Q3 | Isaiah 40:16,18-19 | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QAmos | 5Q4 | Amos 1:2-5 | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QPs | 5Q5 | Psalms 119:99-101,104,113-20,138-42 | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QLama | 5Q6 | Lamentations 4:5-8,11-16,19-22; 5:1-13,16-17 | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QLamb | 5Q7 | Lamentations 4:17-20 | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QPhyl | 5Q8 | Phylactery in its unopened case | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QToponyms | 5Q9 | Seven fragments with names of places | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QapocMal | 5Q10 | Apocryphon of Malachi | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QS | Serek hay-Yahad | 5Q11 | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QD | 5Q12 | Damascus Document | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QRégle | 5Q13 | Fragments related to 1QS | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QCurses | 5Q14 | Liturgical compositions with curses | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QNJ | 5Q15 | Description of the New Jerusalem | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QUnid | 5Q16-5Q24 | Unidentified fragments | [6] | ||||||||||||
5QUnc | 5Q25 | [6] | |||||||||||||
6QpaleoGen | 6Q1 | Genesis 6:13-21 | [6] | ||||||||||||
6QpaleoLev | 6Q2 | Leviticus 8:12-13 | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QDeut | 6Q3 | Deuteronomy 26:19 | Hebrew | [4][6] | |||||||||||
pap6QKgs | 6Q4 | 1 Kings 3:12-14; 12:28-31; 22:28-31; 2 Kings 5:26; 6:32; 7:8-10,20; 8:1-5; 9:1-2; 10:19-21 | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QPs | 6Q5 | Psalms 78:36-37 | [6] | ||||||||||||
6QCant | 6Q6 | Song of Songs1:1-7 | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QDan | 6Q7 | Daniel 8:20-21; 10:8-16; 11:33-36,38; 8:16-17 | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QEnGiants | 6Q8 | Part of the "Book of Giants" | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QapocrSam/Kgs | 6Q9 | Samuel-Kings apocryphon | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QProph | 6Q10 | Hebrew | Prophetic text | [6] | |||||||||||
6QAllegory | 6Q11 | Hebrew | Fragment containing an Allegory mentioning a vine | [6] | |||||||||||
6QapProph | 6Q12 | [6] | |||||||||||||
6QPriestProph | 6Q13 | Priestly prophecy | [6] | ||||||||||||
6Qapoc | 6Q14 | Aramaic | Two fragments with apocalyptic text | [6] | |||||||||||
6QD | 6Q15 | Damascus Document 4:19-21; 5:13-14,18-21; 6:1-2,20-21; 7:1 | Damascus Document | [6] | |||||||||||
pap6QBen | 6Q16 | Blessings related 1QSb | [6] | ||||||||||||
6QCalDoc | 6Q17 | Calendric fragment | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QHymn | 6Q18 | Fragment of a hymn, related to 1QM | [6] | ||||||||||||
6QGen | 6Q19 | Aramaic | Related to Genesis10:6,20 | [6] | |||||||||||
6QDeut | 6Q20 | Related to Deuteronomy 11:10 | [6] | ||||||||||||
6QfrgProph | 6Q21 | Prophetic fragment | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QUnidA | 6Q22 | Hebrew | [6] | ||||||||||||
pap6QUnidA ar | 6Q23 | Aramaic | Related to "Words of the Book of Michael" | [6] | |||||||||||
6QUnidB | 6Q24-6Q31 | [6] | |||||||||||||
6QpapProv | 6Q30 | Proverbs 11:4b-7a,10b | [6] | ||||||||||||
8QGen | Genesis | 8Q1 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
8QPs | Psalms | 8Q2 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
8QPhyl | Phylacteries | 8Q3 | Exodus 13:1-16; 12:43-51; 20:11
Deuteronomy 6:4-5; 6:1-3; 10:20-22; 10:12-19; 5:1-14; 10:13; 11:2-3; 10:21-22; 11:1; 11:6-12 |
Hebrew | 1-100 CE
Herodian |
[4] | |||||||||
8QMez | Mezuzah | 8Q4 | Deuteronomy 10:1-11:21 | Hebrew | 30 BCE-68 CE
Herodian |
[4] | |||||||||
8QHymn | Hymn | 8Q5 | Hebrew | Herodian | Non-biblical composition. | [3] | |||||||||
9Q1 | Unidentified | 9Q1 | Hebrew | Roman | [3] | ||||||||||
11QpaleoLeva | Paleo-Leviticusa | 11Q1 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
11QLevb | Leviticusb | 11Q2 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
11QDeut | Deuteronomy | 11Q3 | Deuteronomy 1:4-5; 2:28-30 | Hebrew | 50 CE
Late Herodian |
[4] | |||||||||
11QEzek | Ezekiel | 11Q4 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
11Q5 | The Great Psalms Scroll | 11Q5 | Hebrew/Aramaic | A unique Psalms scroll with only about a quarter of the Masoretic psalms (in atypical order), three Syriac psalms, one from Ben Sira, and the only known copies of three more unique psalms—Plea for Deliverance, Apostrophe to Zion, and Hymn to the Creator—all of which are unattested by other sources, as well as the short text David's Compositions. | [3] | ||||||||||
11QPsa | Psalms | 11Q5 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
11QPsb | 11Q6 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||||||||||
11QPsc | 11Q7 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||||||||||
11QPsd | 11Q8 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||||||||||
11QPse | 11Q9 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||||||||||
11QtgJob | Targum Job | 11Q10 | Aramaic | Herodian | A unique Aramaic translation of the Book of Job; presents Job somewhat more favourably. | [3] | |||||||||
11QapocrPs | Apocryphal Psalms | 11Q11 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
11QJub | Jubilees | 11Q12 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
11QMelch | Melchizedek | 11Q13 | Contains Pesher commentary on Leviticus 25:13; Deuteronomy 15:2; Psalms 7:8-9; 82:2; Isaiah 52:7; Daniel 9:25; Leviticus 25:9 | Hebrew | 50-25 BCE or 75-50 BCE
Late Hasmonean or Early Herodian |
Describes a tenth jubilee and portrays Melchizedek as a messianic agent of salvation, using similar language to that used for Jesus in Hebrews. | [3][4] | ||||||||
11Q Sefer ha-Milmah | Sefer ha-Milmah | 11Q14 | Hebrew | Herodian | An account of the final eschatological battle of the Israelites and the Kittim (Romans), including a messianic figure named the "Prince of the Congregation." | [3] | |||||||||
11QHymnsa | Hymns | 11Q15 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
11QHymnsb | 11Q16 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||||||||||
11QShirShabb | Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice | 11Q17 | Hebrew | Herodian | Collection of 13 hymns describing a heavenly temple service. | [3] | |||||||||
11QNJ | New Jerusalem | 11Q18 | Aramaic | Herodian | Appears to be an apocalyptic vision, including some architectural details of a very large city (cf. Ezekiel and Revelation). | [3] | |||||||||
11QTa | 11Q19 | Hebrew | Herodian | Rephrases the Pentateuch laws in the spirit of Deuteronomy, seeks to resolve biblical legal conflicts and expand ritual laws. | [3] | ||||||||||
11QTb | Temple Scroll | 11Q20 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||
11QTc | 11Q21 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | |||||||||||
11Q Unidentified | Unidentified | 11Q22 | Hebrew | Hasmonean | Unidentified fragments. | [3] | |||||||||
11Q23 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3] | ||||||||||||
11Q24 | Aramaic | Hasmonean | [3] | ||||||||||||
11Q25 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||||
11Q26 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||||
11Q28 | Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | [3] | ||||||||||||
11Q30 | Hebrew | Herodian | [3] | ||||||||||||
11Q9999 | Unidentified | Hellenistic-Roman | [3] | ||||||||||||
Mur1 | Pentateuch | Mur1 | Genesis 32:4-5,30,33-33:1; 34:5-7,30-35:1,4-7
Exodus 6:5-11 |
Hebrew | Roman | Parts of Genesis, Exodus, and Numbers. | [3] | ||||||||
MurDeut | Deuteronomy | Mur2 | Deuteronomy 10:1-3 | Hebrew | 20-84 CE
Roman |
[3][4] | |||||||||
MurIsa | Isaiah | Mur3 | Hebrew | Roman | [3] | ||||||||||
MurPhyl | Phylacteries | Mur4 | Contains Exodus 13:1-16;
Deuteronomy 11:13-21; 6:4-9 |
Hebrew | Roman | [3][4] | |||||||||
MurMez | Mezouza | Mur5 | Contains Exodus 13:1-16,
Deuteronomy 11:13-21; 6:4-9 |
Hebrew | Roman | [3][4] | |||||||||
Mur6 | Unidentified Literary Text | Mur6 | [3] |
External links
- Dead Sea Scrolls by Paul Conway
- A Catalog of Biblical Passages in the Dead Sea Scrolls by David Washburn, 2002
- Textual Criticism: Recovering the Text of the Hebrew Bible by Peter Kyle McCarter, 1986
References
- ↑ Tov, Emanuel (2010). Revised Lists of the Texts from the Judaean Desert. Brill. ISBN 9789047443797.
- ↑ "Shrine Of The Book - The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls".
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 "Leon Levy Collection". Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library. Israel Antiquities Authority. Retrieved 2015-01-22.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 OakTree Software, Inc. Accordance 10: Bible Software. 2008.
- ↑ http://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive/manuscript/1Q-10-1
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 Fitzmyer, Joseph A. (2008). Flint, Peter W.; Abegg, Martin G.; Martinez, Florentino G., eds. A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. pp. 27–29, 31, 32, 34–37, 39–46, 74–75, 105–109. ISBN 9780802862419.
- ↑ Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 246
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 http://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive. Accessed 20 May 2013
- 1 2 3 Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 270
- 1 2 3 4 5 Schiffman, Lawrence; VanderKam, James (2008). Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195084504.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Flint, Peter (2013). The Dead Sea Scrolls. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press. p. 68. ISBN 9780687494491.
- 1 2 Wise, Michael O.; Abegg, Martin G.; Cook, Edward M. (2005). The Dead Sea Scrolls: A New Translation. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers. p. 577. ISBN 9780060766627.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 305ff
- ↑ http://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/explore-the-archive/manuscript/4Q158-1