Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System

The Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System, or LOTIS, is an automated telescope designed to slew very rapidly to the location of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), to enable the simultaneous measurement of optical counterparts.[1] Since GRBs can occur anywhere in the sky, are often poorly localized, and fade very quickly, this implies very rapid slewing (less than 10 sec) and a wide field of view (greater than 15 degrees). To achieve the needed response time, LOTIS was fully automated and connected via Internet socket to the Gamma-ray Burst Coordinates Network. This network analyzes telemetry from satellite such as HETE-2 and Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission and delivers GRB coordinate information in real-time.. The optics were built from 4 commercial tele-photo lenses of 11 cm aperture, with custom 2048 X 2048 CCD cameras, and could view a 17.6 X 17.6 degree field.

LOTIS started routine operation in October 1996, with a limiting magnitude Mv≈11.5 . In March 1998 it was upgraded with cooled cameras, resulting in a limiting sensitivity of Mv≈14.[2] It was in operation until at least 2001, but never successfully detected the optical counterpart of a GRB, though it did set upper limits. By 2001, the 4 cameras had been co-aligned and two of them had added filters.[3] In the idle time between GRB triggers, LOTIS systematically surveyed the entire available sky every night for new optical transients. LOTIS was succeeded by another robotic telescope with a larger mirror but smaller field of view, called Super-LOTIS.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Park, H.S. and Ables, E. and Barthelmy, S.D. and Bionta, R.M. and Ott, L.L. and Parker, E.L. and Williams, G.G. (1998). "Instrumentation of LOTIS--Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System: a fully automated wide-field-of-view telescope system searching for simultaneous optical counterparts of gamma-ray bursts". Proceedings of SPIE. 3355. p. 658. doi:10.1117/12.316790.
  2. ↑ Williams, GG and Hartmann, DH and Park, HS and Porrata, RA and Ables, E. and Bionta, R. and Band, DL and Barthelmy, SD and Gehrels, N. and Ferguson, DH; et al. (1999). "LOTIS Upper Limits and the Prompt OT from GRB 990123". arXiv:astro-ph/9912402Freely accessible.
  3. ↑ Park, HS and Williams, GG and Hartmann, DH and Lamb, DQ and Lee, BC and Tucker, DL and Klose, S. and Stecklum, B. and Henden, A. and Adelman, J.; et al. (2001). "LOTIS, Super-LOTIS, SDSS and Tautenburg Observations of GRB 010921". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 571 (2): L131. arXiv:astro-ph/0112397Freely accessible. doi:10.1086/341334.
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