London Regional Transport

London Regional Transport
Formation 29 June 1984 (London Regional Transport Act 1984)
Extinction 2 July 2000 (Greater London Authority Act 1999)
Type Public body
Purpose Transport authority
Headquarters 55 Broadway, Westminster, London
Region served
Greater London
Main organ
 London Transport
Parent organisation
 Government of the United Kingdom

London Regional Transport (LRT) was the organisation responsible for the public transport network in Greater London, England between 1984 and 2000. In common with all London transport authorities from 1933 to 2000, the public name and operational brand of the organisation was London Transport.

History

The LRT was created by the London Regional Transport Act 1984 and was under direct state control, reporting to the Secretary of State for Transport.[1] It took over responsibility from the Greater London Council on 29 June 1984, two years before the GLC was formally abolished.[2] Because the Act only received the Royal assent three days earlier, its assets were temporarily frozen by the banks as they had not received mandates to transfer.[3] The headquarters of the new organisation remained at the former London Transport Executive building at 55 Broadway.[4]

On 1 April 1985, the company was re-organised into several companies with London Regional Transport as the holding company. London Buses Limited[5] was formed to manage the bus network and London Underground Limited[6] the London Underground network, as wholly owned subsidiaries of LRT.[7]

In 1985 the operation of some bus services was put out to tender for the first time and, for a number of years, buses bearing a variety of different colour-schemes operated alongside those still operating in the traditional red livery by operators such as Armchair Passenger Transport, Boro'line Maidstone, Capital Citybus, Grey-Green, Harris Bus, Kentish Bus, London Buslines and Metrobus. In response to the competition, LRT established low-cost business units Bexleybus and Westlink. The variety of liveries was found to be confusing to tourists and non-Londoners expecting to find red-painted buses and, after lobbying from the tourist board, in 1997 it became a requirement when contracts were retendered that bus liveries be predominantly red.

In 1987, the computer services division was sold to Cap Gemini for £1.3 million.[8] On 1 April 1989 London Buses was divided into business units, in preparation for privatisation.

Business unit Area Logo Legal entity
CentreWest West Arrow dagger CentreWest London Buses Limited[9]
East London East Barge East London Bus & Coach Company Limited[10]
Leaside River Lea Swan Leaside Bus Company Limited[11]
London Central South central Ship London Central Bus Company Limited[12]
London Forest Waltham Forest Oak tree London Forest Travel Limited[13]
London Coaches Central London n/a London Coaches Limited[14]
London General Southwest Omnibus London General Transport Services Limited[15]
London Northern North Parliament London Northern Bus Company Limited[16]
London United Southwest Crest London United Busways Limited[17]
Metroline Northwest Stripes Metroline Travel Limited[18]
Selkent Southeast Hops South East London & Kent Bus Company Limited[19]
South London South Tower Bridge South London Transport Limited[20]
Westlink Kingston n/a Stanwell Buses Limited[21]

Upon the privatisation of British Rail, the Waterloo & City line passed to the London Underground and LRT management on 1 April 1994.[22] In 1994/95, the bus units were sold. LRT remained in control of public transport in London until 2 July 2000 when Transport for London, an agency of the newly created Greater London Authority took over responsibility under the Greater London Authority Act 1999.

Fares

LRT was responsible for some modifications to the fare system, including inclusion of the separately managed British Rail services. In January 1985 the Capitalcard season ticket was launched, offering validity on British Rail as well as London Underground and London Buses. It was priced around 10-15% higher than the Travelcard.[23] In June 1986 the One Day Capitalcard was launched.[23] The Capitalcard brand ended in January 1989 when the Travelcard gained validity on British Rail. In January 1991 Zone 5 was split to create a new Zone 6.[23] The Docklands Light Railway was opened on 31 August 1987 and was included in the zonal Travelcard ticketing scheme.

References

  1. ↑ London Regional Transport Act 1984 Government of the United Kingdom
  2. ↑ Warren, Kenneth (1986). The Motorbus in Central London. Shepparton: Ian Allan Publishing. p. 125. ISBN 0 7110 1568 6.
  3. ↑ "LT abolition accelerated" Railway Gazette International August 1984 page 580
  4. ↑ Contact Information London Regional Transport
  5. ↑ Companies House extract company no 1900906 London Buses Limited
  6. ↑ Companies House extract company no 1900907 London Underground Limited
  7. ↑ "In Brief" Railway Gazette International May 1985 page 313
  8. ↑ "Intelligence" Railway Gazette International April 1987 page 205
  9. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328596 CentreWest London Buses Limited
  10. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328402 East London Bus & Coach Company Limited
  11. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328559 Arriva London North Limited ex Leaside Bus Company Limited
  12. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328565 London Central Bus Company Limited
  13. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328491 London Forest Travel Limited
  14. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328599 The Original London Sightseeing Tour Limited ex London Coaches Limited
  15. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328489 London General Transport Services Limited
  16. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328608 Metroline London Northern Limited ex MTL London Northern Limited ex London Northern Bus Company Limited
  17. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328561 London United Busways Limited
  18. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328401 Metroline Travel Limited
  19. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328595 South East London & Kent Bus Company Limited
  20. ↑ Companies House extract company no 2328467 Arriva London South Limited ex South London Transport Limited
  21. ↑ Companies House extract company no 1983867 Stanwell Buses Limited
  22. ↑ "Waterloo & City line goes over to LUL" The Railway Magazine issue 1115 March 1994 page 5
  23. 1 2 3 Monopolies & Mergers Commission (1991). "London Underground Limited: A report on passenger and other services supplied by the company" (PDF).
Preceded by
London Transport Executive (GLC)		 London public transport authority
1984–2000 		Succeeded by
Transport for London
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