Mikhail Zaitsev

Mikhail Zaitsev
Personal details
Born	23 November 1923 Zadowski Chutor, Russia
Died	22 January 2009 (aged 85) Moscow, Russia
Nationality	Soviet
Political party	Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Profession	Soldier
Awards	(2)
Military service
Allegiance	Soviet Union
Service/branch	Soviet Army
Years of service	1941–1992
Rank	Army General
Commands	Group of Soviet Forces in Germany
Battles/wars	Great Patriotic War Soviet war in Afghanistan

Mikhail Mitrofanovich Zaitsev (Russian: Михаи́л Митрофа́нович За́йцев); (also transliterated as Zaytsev) born 23 November 1923 in the village of Zadowski Chutor (Tula Oblast), died 22 January 2009 in Moscow, was a general of the Soviet Army. Zaitsev's principal commands were the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany and the southern military districts of the Soviet Union.

Second World War

Zaitsev was born into a peasant family and attended middle school before volunteering for the Soviet Army in 1941. In May 1942, Zaitsev was transferred to the combat arms and served as a staff officer in the 113th Tank Brigade and later the 7th Guards Tank Corps. He was transferred to the headquarters of the 6th Guards Tank Corps. Zaitsev took part in the battles of Kursk and Berlin, as well as major Soviet operations such as Lvov-Sandomierz, Vistula-Oder, and the drive on Prague. Zaitsev ended his wartime service assigned to the 1st Ukrainian Front.

Postwar

General Zaitsev, on right, during a visit to East German troops in June 1981.

Following the war, Zaitsev served in a variety of staff assignments that built upon his expertise with armored forces and warfare. He commanded a tank division in 1965 and the 5th Guards Tank Army in 1969. He held command of 5th Guards Tank Army from 2.12.69 - 11.8.72.^[1] In May 1976, he became commander of the Belorussian Military District. In 1980, he was transferred to the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and became commander of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSFG) on 22 October 1980, a position he held until 6 July 1985. Zaitsev was made a Hero of the Soviet Union on 22 November 1983. Zaitsev's priorities for GSFG included training that stressed the use of individual initiative by junior officers.^[2]

During his tour of command of GSFG, a crisis with the United States broke out because of the shooting of Arthur D. Nicholson, a U.S. officer assigned to the U.S. Military Liaison Mission in East Germany.^[3] Zaitsev subsequently had a tense meeting with General Glenn K. Otis,^[4] the commander of U.S. Army Europe, in which Zaitsev stated the Soviet forces had not acted improperly when Nicholson was shot.

From 1985 until 1989, Zaitsev commanded the Southern Strategic Direction (three southern military districts of the Soviet Union, including the Turkestan Military District, see Formations of the Soviet Army) and thus supervised the Limited Contingent of Soviet Forces in Afghanistan (ru:Ограниченный контингент советских войск в Афганистане),^[5] mostly made up of troops of the 40th Army and the Air Force's 34th Composite Aviation Corps, plus Border and KGB Troops. From 1989 until his retirement in 1992, Zaitsev was assigned to the inspector-general staff of the Soviet Ministry of Defense.

In 1981 he was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, and from 1979 until 1989 he was a member of the Supreme Soviet.

In retirement, he lived in Moscow until his death. General Mikhail Zaitsev is interred in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery.

References

1. Michael Holm and Vitaly Feskov, 5th Guards Tank Army, 2013/2015.
2. Cooley, p. 78.
3. "Statement by Principal Deputy Press Secretary Speakes on the Death of Major Arthur D. Nicholson, Jr., in the German Democratic Republic". www.reagan.utexas.edu. Retrieved 2016-05-31.
4. Shannon, Don (1 April 1985). "U.S. General to Prepare for Talks on Shooting by Soviets". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2016-05-31.
5. Cooley, p. 78.

• Cooley, John K., Unholy Wars, London: Pluto Press, 2002. ISBN 0 7453 1917 3.