Presidential directive

National Security Decision Directive 114, signed by Ronald Reagan

Presidential Directives, better known as Presidential Decision Directives (or PDDs), are a form of an executive order issued by the President of the United States with the advice and analysis of the National Security Council. The directives articulate the executive's national security policy and carry the "full force and effect of law".[1][2][3]

Since many of the Presidential Directives pertain to the national security of the United States, many remain classified.

Names for Presidential Directives by Administration[2]

Presidents have issued such directives under various names.

Acronym Full Title Time Frame Presidential Administration(s)
NSCID National Security Council Intelligence Directives 1947–1977 Truman–Ford
NSAM National Security Action Memorandums 1961–1969 Kennedy and Johnson
NSSM National Security Study Memorandums 1969–1977 Nixon and Ford
NSDM National Security Decision Memorandums 1969–1977 Nixon and Ford
PRM Presidential Review Memorandums 1977–1981 Carter
PD Presidential Directives 1977–1981 Carter
NSSD National Security Study Directives 1981–1989 Reagan
NSDD National Security Decision Directives 1981–1989 Reagan
NSR National Security Reviews 1989–1993 G. H. W. Bush
NSD National Security Directives 1989–1993 G. H. W. Bush
PRD Presidential Review Directive 1993–2001 Clinton
PDD Presidential Decision Directives 1993–2001 Clinton
NSPD National Security Presidential Directives 2001–2009 G. W. Bush
HSPD Homeland Security Presidential Directives 2001– G. W. Bush and Obama
PSD Presidential Study Directives 2009– Obama
PPD Presidential Policy Directives 2009– Obama

List of National Security Decision Directives (Reagan Era)[4]

Number Document Title Date
NSDD 1National Security Council Directives25-Feb-81
NSDD 2National Security Council Structure12-Jan-82
NSDD 3Crisis Management14-Dec-81
NSDD 4Disposition of Presidential Directives12-Jan-82
NSDD 5Conventional Arms Transfer Policy8-Jul-81
NSDD 6United States Non-proliferation And Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation Policy16-Jul-81
NSDD 7*[redacted] Weapons6-Aug-81
NSDD 8Space Transportation System13-Nov-81
NSDD 9*Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 1982 and FY 198328-Sep-81
NSDD 10The Future Political Status of Micronesia21-Sep-81
NSDD 11Munitions / Technology Transfer to The People's Republic of China22-Sep-81
NSDD 12Strategic Forces Modernization Program1-Oct-81
NSDD 13*Nuclear Weapons Employment Policy19-Oct-81
NSDD 14Security Considerations in Egypt and Sudan8-Oct-81
NSDD 15Theater Nuclear Forces (Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces)81 Nov 16
NSDD 16Economic and Security Decisions for Libya10-Dec-81
NSDD 17*Cuba and Central America4-Jan-82
NSDD 18United States Chemical and Biological Weapons Arms Control Policy4-Jan-82
NSDD 19Protection of Classified National Security Council and Intelligence Information12-Jan-82
NSDD 20United States Law of the Sea Policy29-Jan-82
NSDD 21*Responding to Floggers in Cuba29-Jan-82
NSDD 22Designation of Intelligence Officials Authorized to Request FBI Collection of Foreign Intelligence29-Jan-82
NSDD 23US Civil Defense Policy3-Feb-82
NSDD 24Mission to Certain European Countries Concerning Oil and Gas Equipment Exports to USSR and Restricting Credits to Soviet Bloc Countries9-Feb-82
NSDD 25Preparations for the Economic and NATO Summits in June 198212-Feb-82
NSDD 26US Civil Defense Policy25-Feb-82
NSDD 27*Economic Decisions for Libya9-Mar-82
NSDD 28FY 1983-1987 Nuclear Weapons Stockpile17-Mar-82
NSDD 29The Future Political Status of Micronesia: Nuclear Claims31-Mar-82
NSDD 30Managing Terrorism Incidents10-Apr-82
NSDD 31US Policy on Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions16-Apr-82
NSDD 32US National Security Strategy20-May-82
NSDD 33US Approach to START Negotiations14-May-82
NSDD 34US Actions in South Atlantic Crisis14-May-82
NSDD 35The M-X Program17-May-82
NSDD 36US Approach to START Negotiations II25-May-82
NSDD 37Cuba and Central America28-May-82
NSDD 37a*Cuba and Central America28-May-82
NSDD 38Staffing at Diplomatic Missions and Their Constituent Posts4-Jun-82
NSDD 39US Policy on Foreign Reprocessing and Use of Plutonium Subject to US Control4-Jun-82
NSDD 40The Future Political Status of Micronesia: Nuclear Claims28-May-82
NSDD 41December 30, 1981 Sanctions on Oil and Gas Equipment Exports to USSR22-Jun-82
NSDD 42*National Space Policy4-Jul-82
NSDD 43United States Law of the Sea Policy9-Jul-82
NSDD 44US Approach to START Negotiations - III10-Jul-82
NSDD 45United States International Broadcasting15-Jul-82
NSDD 46**Cooperation with France27-Jul-82
NSDD 47Emergency Mobilization Preparedness22-Jul-82
NSDD 48International Economic Policy23-Jul-82
NSDD 49Standing Consultative Commission23-Jul-82
NSDD 50Space Assistance and Cooperation Policy6-Aug-82
NSDD 51US Nuclear Testing Limitations Policy10-Aug-82
NSDD 52Future Political Status of Micronesia Palau20-Aug-82
NSDD 53US Approach to START Negotiations- IV1-Sep-82
NSDD 54US Policy Towards Eastern Europe2-Sep-82
NSDD 55**Enduring National Leadership14-Sep-82
NSDD 56Private INF Exchange15-Sep-82
NSDD 57US Policy Towards Horn of Africa17-Sep-82
NSDD 58United States Oceans Policy and Law of the Sea30-Sep-82
NSDD 59*Cuba and Central America5-Oct-82
NSDD 60Preparations for 1983 Summit9-Oct-82
NSDD 61**Contingency Planning...Remainder of Title Classified15-Oct-82
NSDD 62United States-Japan Relations25-Oct-82
NSDD 63Basis for Negotiation of Nuclear Test Verification Measures28-Oct-82
NSDD 64Steps on Lebanon28-Oct-82
NSDD 65Establishment of National Security Council Arms Control Verification Committee10-Nov-82
NSDD 66East-West Relations and Poland Related Sanctions29-Nov-82
NSDD 67*Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 1983 and FY 198418-Nov-82
NSDD 68*FY 1983-1988 Nuclear Weapons Stockpile18-Nov-82
NSDD 69The MX Program22-Nov-82
NSDD 70Nuclear Capable Missile Technology Transfer Policy30-Nov-82
NSDD 71US Policy Toward Latin America in Wake of Falklands Crisis30-Nov-82
NSDD 72US Program for the Exercise of Navigation and Overflight Rights at Sea13-Dec-82
NSDD 73The Peacekeeper Program Assessment3-Jan-83
NSDD 74Visit to the US of Prime Minister Nakasone17-Jan-83
NSDD 75US Relations with the USSR17-Jan-83
NSDD 76Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation with China18-Jan-83
NSDD 77Management of Public Diplomacy Relative to National Security14-Jan-83
NSDD 78US Approach to START Negotiations- V1-Feb-83
NSDD 79US Chemical Weapons Arms Control Policy1-Feb-83
NSDD 80Shuttle Orbiter Production Capability3-Feb-83
NSDD 81Negotiation of Improved Nuclear Test Verification Measures7-Feb-83
NSDD 82*US Policy Initiatives to Improve Prospects for Victory in El Salvador24-Feb-83
NSDD 83US Oceans Policy, Law of the Sea and Exclusive Economic Zone10-Mar-83
NSDD 84Safeguarding National Security Information11-Mar-83
NSDD 85Eliminating the Threat from Ballistic Missiles25-Mar-83
NSDD 86US Approach to INF Negotiations28-Mar-83
NSDD 87Comprehensive US Energy Security Policy30-Mar-83
NSDD 88Base Negotiations Policy30-Mar-83
NSDD 89Export Administration Act11-Apr-83
NSDD 90US Arctic Policy14-Apr-83
NSDD 91Strategic Forces Modernization Program Changes19-Apr-83
NSDD 91a**Special Access Annex to NSDD 9113-Dec-83
NSDD 92Accelerating the Withdrawal of Foreign Forces from Lebanon27-Apr-83
NSDD 93Refugee Policy and Processing Refugees from Indochina13-May-83
NSDD 94Commercialization of Expendable Launch Vehicles16-May-83
NSDD 95Crisis Information and Management System18-May-83
NSDD 96US Approach to International Debt Problem9-Jun-83
NSDD 97National Security Telecommunications Policy13-Jun-83
NSDD 98US Approach to START Negotiations- VI14-Jun-83
NSDD 99US Security Strategy for near East and South Asia12-Jul-83
NSDD 100Enhanced US Military Activity and Assistance in Central America Region28-Jul-83
NSDD 101US Strategy Towards Liberia2-Sep-83
NSDD 102US Response to Soviet Destruction of KAL Airliner5-Sep-83
NSDD 103Strategy for Lebanon10-Sep-83
NSDD 104US Approach to INF Negotiations-II21-Sep-83
NSDD 105*Eastern Caribbean Regional Security Policy4-Oct-83
NSDD 106US Approach to START Negotiations- VII4-Oct-83
NSDD 107Foreign Aircraft Overflight Security Program5-Oct-83
NSDD 108*Soviet Camouflage, Concealment and Deception12-Oct-83
NSDD 109*Responding to the Lebanon Crisis23-Oct-83
NSDD 110*Grenada—contingency Planning21-Oct-83
NSDD 110a*Response to Caribbean Govts Request to Restore Democracy in Grenada23-Oct-83
NSDD 111*Steps Toward Progress in Lebanon and Middle East28-Oct-83
NSDD 112Processing and Disposition of Documents Acquired by US Forces in Grenada15-Nov-83
NSDD 113Security of Communications Systems Used by Key Govt Officials17-Nov-83
NSDD 114US Policy Toward Iran - Iraq War26-Nov-83
NSDD 115Visit of Prime Minister Shamir26-Nov-83
NSDD 116Strategic Defensive Initiative: Congressional and Allied Consultation2-Dec-83
NSDD 117Lebanon5-Dec-83
NSDD 118Preparations for the 1984 Economic Summit5-Dec-83
NSDD 119Strategic Defense Initiative6-Jan-84
NSDD 120Visit to the US of Premier Zhao Ziyang9-Jan-84
NSDD 121Soviet Noncompliance with Arms Control Agreements14-Jan-84
NSDD 122Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions18-Jan-84
NSDD 123*Steps in Lebanon1-Feb-84
NSDD 124*Central America: Promoting Democracy, Economic Improvement and Peace7-Feb-84
NSDD 125*FY 1984-1989 Nuclear Weapons Stockpile16-Feb-84
NSDD 126Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions—mbfr20-Feb-84
NSDD 127Nuclear Weapons Master Plan - Phase III23-Feb-84
NSDD 128*Lebanon26-Feb-84
NSDD 129**Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 1984 and 198528-Feb-84
NSDD 130UN International Information Policy6-Mar-84
NSDD 131US Goals and Objectives for the 1984 Economic Summit12-Mar-84
NSDD 132Disposition of Presidential Directives13-Mar-84
NSDD 133US Policy Toward Yugoslavia14-Mar-84
NSDD 134US International Energy Policy Goals and Objectives27-Mar-84
NSDD 135*Los Angeles Olympic Games Counterintelligence and Security Precautions27-Mar-84
NSDD 136US Initiative to Ban Chemical Weapons2-Apr-84
NSDD 137US Nuclear Arms Control Strategy for 198431-Mar-84
NSDD 138Combatting Terrorism33 Apr 84
NSDD 139Measures to Improve US Posture and Readiness to Respond to Developments in Iran-Iraq War5-Apr-84
NSDD 140President's Visit to People's Republic of China21-Apr-84
NSDD 141Responding to Escalation in the Iran-Iraq War25-May-84
NSDD 142Arms Limitation Talks, September 19845-Jul-84
NSDD 143US Third World Hunger Relief: Emergency Assistance9-Jul-84
NSDD 144**National Space Strategy16-Aug-84
NSDD 145National Policy on Telecommunications and Automated Information Systems Security17-Sep-84
NSDD 146The FY 1985 Grenadier Nuclear Test Program28-Sep-84
NSDD 147US Policy Toward India and Pakistan11-Oct-84
NSDD 148The US Umbrella Talks Proposal26-Oct-84
NSDD 149**Support to Govt of Lebanon in Planning for Counter Terrorism Operations1-Nov-84
NSDD 150The Annual Rpt on Nuclear Weapons Surety28-Nov-84
NSDD 151Preparatory Process for Visit of Prime Minister Nakasone and US-Japan Follow-up Effort10-Dec-84
NSDD 152Preparations for 1985 Economic Summit20-Dec-84
NSDD 153Instructions for the Shultz-Gromyko Meeting in Geneva1-Jan-85
NSDD 154US-Japan Trade Policy Relations3-Jan-85
NSDD 155US - Soviet Economic and Commercial Relations4-Jan-85
NSDD 156US Third World Food Aid: a "Food for Progress" Program3-Jan-85
NSDD 157**Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 1985 and FY 19869-Jan-85
NSDD 158US Policy in Southeast Asia (The Kampuchea Problem)9-Jan-85
NSDD 159Covert Action Policy Approval and Coordination Procedures18-Jan-85
NSDD 160Preparing for Negotiations with Soviet Union24-Jan-85
NSDD 161*Soviet Noncompliance with Arms Control Agreements6-Feb-85
NSDD 162*FY 1985-1990 Nuclear Weapons Stockpile11-Feb-85
NSDD 163US Policy Towards the Philippines20-Feb-85
NSDD 164National Security Launch Strategy25-Feb-85
NSDD 165Instructions for First Round of US/Soviet Negotiations in Geneva8-Mar-85
NSDD 166US Policy, Programs, and Strategy in Afghanistan27-Mar-85
NSDD 167Food for Progress Program Implementation29-Apr-85
NSDD 168*US Policy Toward North Africa30-Apr-85
NSDD 169**US - USSR Joint Commercial Commission Meetings17-May-85
NSDD 170*Radio Marti18-May-85
NSDD 171**Classified Title
NSDD 172Presenting the Strategic Defense Initiative30-May-85
NSDD 173Building an Interim Framework for Mutual Assistance10-Jun-85
NSDD 174US National Defense Stockpile Goals, Mobilization Planning Factors and Implementation Measures10-Jun-85
NSDD 175Establishment of a Blue Ribbon Commission on Defense Management17-Jun-85
NSDD 176*Combatting Terrorism in Central America9-Jul-85
NSDD 177**Classified Title
NSDD 178Strategic Forces Modernization10-Jul-85
NSDD 179Task Force on Combatting Terrorism17-Jul-85
NSDD 180Civil Aviation Anti-terrorism Program22-Jul-85
NSDD 181Shuttle Pricing for Foreign and Commercial Users30-Jul-85
NSDD 182**Classified Title
NSDD 183Meeting with Soviet Leader in Geneva8-Aug-85
NSDD 184**Classified Title
NSDD 185Private Sector Cooperation in Pacific Basin4-Sep-85
NSDD 186Installation and Operation of Direct Communications Link (DCL)/ Hotline Btw Washington And Moscow4-Sep-85
NSDD 187US Policy Toward South Africa7-Sep-85
NSDD 188Government Coordination for National Security Emergency Preparedness16-Sep-85
NSDD 189National Policy on Transfer of Scientific, Technical and Engineering Information21-Sep-85
NSDD 190The FY 1986 Charioteer Nuclear Test Program30-Sep-85
NSDD 191**Changes in Authorized Nuclear Deployments7-Oct-85
NSDD 192The ABM Treaty and the SDI Program11-Oct-85
NSDD 193US Policy on New Zealand Port Access Issue21-Oct-85
NSDD 194Meeting with Soviet Leader in Geneva: Themes and Perceptions25-Oct-85
NSDD 195The US Position: Nuclear and Space Talks30-Oct-85
NSDD 196*Counterintelligence/Countermeasure Implementation Task Force1-Nov-85
NSDD 197Reporting Hostile Contacts and Security Awareness1-Nov-85
NSDD 198Preparations for 1986 Economic Summit7-Nov-85
NSDD 199Review by PFIAB of Implications of Yurchenko Defection and Related Espionage Cases12-Nov-85
NSDD 200US Port Security4-Dec-85
NSDD 201National Security Emergency Preparedness (NSEP) Telecommunications Funding17-Dec-85
NSDD 202*Soviet Noncompliance with Arms Control Agreements27-Dec-85
NSDD 203Nuclear Testing Limitations: Responding to Soviet Proposal of December 524-Dec-85
NSDD 204*Transfer of National Intelligence Collection Tasking Authority27-Dec-85
NSDD 205Acting Against Libyan Support of International Terrorism8-Jan-86
NSDD 205a*NSDD 205 Annex- Acting Against Libyan Support of International Terrorism8-Jan-86
NSDD 206Instructions for Fourth Round of US/USSR Negotiations in Geneva13-Jan-86
NSDD 207The National Program for Combatting Terrorism20-Jan-86
NSDD 208*US Policy Toward the Southwest Indian Ocean30-Jan-86
NSDD 209Implementing Decisions of Geneva Summit4-Feb-86
NSDD 210Allied Consultations on US Response to General Secretary Gorbachev's Jan 14, 1986, Arms Control Proposal4-Feb-86
NSDD 211*Diplomatic Telecommunications Service (DTS)10-Feb-86
NSDD 212US Policy Towards Angola10-Feb-86
NSDD 213US Policy Towards Malta11-Feb-86
NSDD 214US Response to Gorbachev's January Arms Control Proposals21-Feb-86
NSDD 215Philippines23-Feb-86
NSDD 216*FY 1986-1991 Nuclear Weapons Stockpile4-Mar-86
NSDD 217**Classified Title
NSDD 218**Operations in Gulf of Sidra15-Mar-86
NSDD 219Implementation of Recommendations of President's Commission on Defense Management1-Apr-86
NSDD 220*Haiti2-Apr-86
NSDD 221Narcotics and National Security8-Apr-86
NSDD 222Consultations on US Interim Restraint Policy21-Apr-86
NSDD 223Implementing the Geneva Exchanges Initiative22-Apr-86
NSDD 224**Counter-terrorist Operations Against Libya12-Apr-86
NSDD 225Central America: US Policy on Search for a Negotiated Solution20-May-86
NSDD 226Machine Tools and National Security21-May-86
NSDD 227US Interim Restraint Policy23-May-86
NSDD 228**Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 1986 and FY 198727-May-86
NSDD 229US/Australian Relations: Policy for Official Working Visit to US of Australian Prime Minister Bob Hawke, April 17, 198628-May-86
NSDD 230Annual Report on Nuclear Weapons Surety8-Jul-86
NSDD 231**Crisis Management Policies and Procedures14-Jul-86
NSDD 232Preparations for next NST Negotiating Round16-Aug-86
NSDD 233Consultations on a Response to General Secretary Gorbachev31-Jul-86
NSDD 234*Libya Policy16-Aug-86
NSDD 235Strengthening US Policy Towards Cuba18-Aug-86
NSDD 236Interim Restraint Policy25-Aug-86
NSDD 237**Director, Presidential Contingency Programs2-Sep-86
NSDD 238*Basic National Security Strategy2-Sep-86
NSDD 239**Supplemental Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 19866-Sep-86
NSDD 240Instructions for NST Round VI18-Sep-86
NSDD 241Preparations for 1987 Economic Summit26-Sep-86
NSDD 242The FY 1987 Musketeer Nuclear Test Program29-Sep-86
NSDD 243Standing Consultative Commission30-Sep-86
NSDD 244Meetings with Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev3-Oct-86
NSDD 245Reagan-Gorbachev Preparatory Meeting7-Oct-86
NSDD 246The Political Status of Micronesia8-Oct-86
NSDD 247Ratification of Existing Treaties Limiting Nuclear Testing10-Oct-86
NSDD 248*Central America22-Oct-86
NSDD 249Additional Instructions for Current NST Negotiating Round29-Oct-86
NSDD 250Post Reykjavik Follow-up3-Nov-86
NSDD 251Arms Control Discussions24-Dec-86
NSDD 252*ICBM Modernization24-Dec-86
NSDD 253**Suriname24-Dec-86
NSDD 254US Space Launch Strategy27-Dec-86
NSDD 255*Nuclear Weapons Stockpile9-Jan-87
NSDD 256Instructions for the Seventh NST Negotiating Round14-Jan-87
NSDD 257*Guidance to US Delegation for Negotiations with Western Europe, Japan and Canada on Space Station3-Feb-87
NSDD 258*Anti-satellite (ASAT) Program6-Feb-87
NSDD 259US Civil Defense6-Feb-87
NSDD 260Soviet Noncompliance with Arms Control Agreements17-Feb-87
NSDD 261Consultations on the SDI Program18-Feb-87
NSDD 262**Amendment to NSDD 15925-Feb-87
NSDD 263Central America25-Feb-87
NSDD 264Central America27-Feb-87
NSDD 265*Freedom of Navigation Program16-Mar-87
NSDD 266Implementation of the Recommnedations of the President's Special Review Board31-Mar-87
NSDD 267Review of US Arms Reductions Negotiating Positions9-Apr-87
NSDD 268PFIAB Worldwide Evaluation of Procedures and Practices Which Our Foreign Missions Protect Classified Information and Facilities14-Apr-87
NSDD 269*Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 1987 and 198823-Apr-87
NSDD 270Afghanistan5-Jun-87
NSDD 271Instructions for Eighth NST Negotiating Round7-May-87
NSDD 272US Objectives in Southern Africa7-May-87
NSDD 273US Policy Toward South Africa7-May-87
NSDD 274US Policy Toward Angola7-May-87
NSDD 275**Cooperation with France5-Jun-87
NSDD 276National Security Council Interagency Process9-Jun-87
NSDD 277*National Policy and Strategy for Low Intensity Conflict15-Jun-87
NSDD 278Establishing a US Negotiating Position on SRINF Missiles13-Jun-87
NSDD 279The Annual Report on Nuclear Weapons Surety16-Jun-87
NSDD 280National Airlift Policy24-Jun-87
NSDD 281*Nuclear Weapons Command and Control28-Aug-87
NSDD 282Continuing Authority to Deliver Nuclear Materials and to Acquire Utilization Facilities30-Sep-87
NSDD 283The FY 1988 Touchstone Nuclear Test Program7-Oct-87
NSDD 284US Military Capabilities in Support of NATO15-Oct-87
NSDD 285**Central America15-Oct-87
NSDD 286*Approval and Review of Special Activities15-Oct-87
NSDD 287Organizing for Summit with General Secretary Gorbachev10-Nov-87
NSDD 288My Objectives at the Summit10-Nov-87
NSDD 289US Policy Toward Malta25-Nov-87
NSDD 290Instructions for Arms Reductions Discussions at Washington Summit (Dec 8-10, 1987)7-Dec-87
NSDD 291US Policy Toward Mexico16-Dec-87
NSDD 292Organizing for the INF Ratification Effort29-Dec-87
NSDD 293**National Space Policy5-Jan-88
NSDD 294**Central America - Transfer of FY 1988 Funds for Nicaraguan Resistance to CIA6-Jan-88
NSDD 295Instructions for Ninth NST Negotiating Round14-Jan-88
NSDD 296**Organizing to Manage on Site Inspection under INF Treaty15-Jan-88
NSDD 297Preparations for the 1988 Economic Summit20-Jan-88
NSDD 298National Operations Security Program22-Jan-88
NSDD 299Restoring Normal Immigration Procedures for Cuban Nationals26-Jan-88
NSDD 300US Policy Toward Mexico11-Feb-88
NSDD 301*Establishment and Operation of US Nuclear Risk Reduction Center22-Feb-88
NSDD 302*US Policy on Special Nuclear Material14-Apr-88
NSDD 303**Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 1988 and FY 198915-Apr-88
NSDD 304Organizing for the Moscow Summit19-Apr-88
NSDD 305Objectives at the Moscow Summit26-Apr-88
NSDD 306*National Coordination of Emergency Relocation Sites23-May-88
NSDD 307Review of US Arms Reduction Positions in Preparation for the Moscow Summit27-May-88
NSDD 308*FY 1988- 1989 Nuclear Weapons Stockpile13-Jun-88
NSDD 309Nuclear Weapons Safety, Security and Control27-Jun-88
NSDD 310Instructions for Tenth Nst Negotiating Round18-Jul-88
NSDD 311US-Soviet Defense and Military Relations28-Jul-88
NSDD 312**Instructions for the Third Five-year Review of the 1972 Anti-ballistic (ABM) Treaty8-Aug-88
NSDD 313**ABM Treaty Review - US Delegation Instructions15-Aug-88
NSDD 314*National Security Information and Situation Management System—NSI and SMS8-Sep-88
NSDD 315Strengthening US Efforts to Limit Global Missile Proliferation22-Sep-88
NSDD 316FY 1989 Cornerstone Nuclear Test Program11-Oct-88
NSDD 317*Amendment to Nuclear Weapons Deployment Authorization for FY 1988 and FY 198920-Oct-88
NSDD 318**Nuclear and Space Talks Additional Elements of the US Position24-Oct-88
NSDD 319US Policy Toward Indochina14-Nov-88
NSDD 320*National Policy on Strategic Trade Controls20-Nov-88
NSDD 321*Disposition of National Security Decision Directives2-Dec-88
NSDD 322US Interests and Policy in Chad14-Dec-88
NSDD 323*Disposition of Pre-reagan Policy Papers9-Jan-89
NSDD 324Special Verification Commission19-Jan-89
NSDD 325*FY 1989-1994 Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Plan19-Jan-89

*the document has been declassified and released in part

**the document has not been reviewed for release or release has been denied in full

A 1986 National Security Decision Directive gave the State Department authority and responsibility to coordinate responses to international terrorism across government agencies including the CIA, DoD, and FBI. This was intended to reduce interagency conflicts which were observed in the response to the hijacking of the Achille Lauro cruise ship.[5] The State Department's Bureau of Counterterrorism continues this coordinating function.

List of Homeland Security Presidential Directives

After September 11, 2001, George W. Bush issued Homeland Security Presidential Directives (HSPDs), with the consent of the Homeland Security Council.

Regarding the secrecy of presidential directives, Steven Aftergood of the Federation of American Scientists' Project on Government Secrecy stated in February 2008 that:

Of the 54 National Security Presidential Directives issued by the (George W.) Bush Administration to date, the titles of only about half have been publicly identified. There is descriptive material or actual text in the public domain for only about a third. In other words, there are dozens of undisclosed Presidential directives that define U.S. national security policy and task government agencies, but whose substance is unknown either to the public or, as a rule, to Congress.[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Moss, R. Legal Effectiveness of a Presidential Directive as Compared to an Executive Order - Memorandum For The Counsel to the President. January 29, 2000.
  2. 1 2 Relyea, Harold C. 2008. Presidential Directives: Background and Overview. Congressional Research Service report 98-611.
  3. ↑ Presidential Directives and Executive Orders, Federation of American Scientists' Intelligence Resource Program
  4. ↑ Pike, John (2012-10-09). "PSD". Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
  5. ↑ Johnson, Larry C. 2005. Terrorism: Why the Numbers Matter.
  6. ↑ Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12: Policy for a Common Identification Standard for Federal Employees and Contractors. At Department of Homeland Security website.
  7. ↑ Homeland Security Presidential Directive - 14 description at Center of Army Lessons Learned web site, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center
  8. ↑ Text of HSPD-14 (same as NSPD-43) at Federation of American Scientists website
  9. ↑ Aftergood, Steven (2008-02-07). "The next president should open up the Bush Administration's record". Neiman Watchdog; Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard. Retrieved 2008-02-12.

External links

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