Naval Ammunition Depot

The Naval Ammunition Depot (NAD) near Hastings, Nebraska was the largest United States World War II naval munitions plant operating from 1942 to 1946 and produced over 40% of the U.S. Navy's munitions.

History

World War II and accidents

The former Naval Ammunition Depot (NAD) is one of Nebraska's former four major ammunition plants: the Cornhusker Ordnance Plant, the Nebraska Ordnance Plant and the Martin Bomber Plant.[1] Its construction began in July 1942 on 49,000 acres (200 km2) and was completed in early 1943 with over 2000 buildings, bunkers, and various other types of structures.[2] The cost of construction was over $71 million.[3]

The navy built in this location due the proximity to the area's three railroads, the abundance of underground water, cheap natural gas and electricity, the stable work force and the distance from either coast (being beyond the range of Japanese or German bombers). At one point during World War II the facility was producing over 40% of the U.S. Navy's munitions. It manufactured 40mm shells, 16 inch projectiles, rockets, bombs, depth charges, mines and torpedoes. Production peaked in June–July 1945, when the depot employed 125 officers, 1,800 enlisted men, and 6,692 civilians.[3]

The impact on the city of Hastings was a 40% population increase from just over 15,000 in 1940 to 22,252 at its peak during the war. By 1944, workers base wages at the depot were 74-cents an hour with time-and-a-half for overtime beyond 54 to 64 hour workweeks and thus considerably higher than the 40- to 50-cents per hour in town and maybe a dollar-a-day for a hired man on the farm.[1] Farmers experienced a severe labor shortage, schools were overcrowded with 50-60 children, new homes were scarce.[1]

Four accidental explosions took place during the war, of which two were officially reported. All occurred in 1944, and together resulted in the deaths of 22 people.[3] The first accident left a crater 550 feet long, 220 feet wide, and 50 feet deep.[1] The most severe accidental blast killed nine people and injured fifty-three on September 15, 1944.[3] It was caused by human error while a train was being loaded. The loading depot and the train were totally destroyed. Part of the roof at a high school in Harvard, about 15 miles (24 km) east of Hastings, collapsed as a result of the explosion; injuring 10 children.[3]

After World War II

In April 1945, the work week was reduced from 60 to 54 hours, in August 1945 to 40 hours and the number of employees was reduced to 3,000. By 1949, personnel numbered 1,189. the depot was reactivated in August 1950 for the Korean War. Employment peaked in January 1954 with 2,946 civilians.[3]

Air Force presence

During the Vietnam War, a portion of the NAD was turned over to the U.S. Air Force. This became a radar bomb scoring detachment that helped train pilots in electronic bombing techniques that were used in southeast Asia.

Closure and transfer

Closure of the site was ordered in December 1958 to be concluded no later than June 1966. As of 2015, the land was occupied by Central Community College, which uses some of the former buildings, Hastings East Industrial Park (HEIP), a golf course, the Greenlief Training Facility for national guardsmen and reservists, and the United States Department of Agriculture Meat Animal Research Center, which was granted part of the site in 1964.[4]

Other NAD's

Three smaller NAD plants were located at Naval Ammunition Depot, Crane in Burns City, Indiana, McAlester Naval Depot in McAlester, Oklahoma and the Hawthorne Naval Ammunition Depot in Hawthorne, Nevada. The Nebraska facility produced 40mm shells, 16-inch projectiles, rockets, bombs, depth charges, mines and torpedoes. Production peaked in June–July 1945, when the depot employed 125 officers, 1,800 enlisted men, and 6,692 civilians.[3]

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Naval Ammunition Depot.
  1. 1 2 3 4 "Building Bombs & Planes". Wessels Living History Farm. n.d. Retrieved 27 May 2016.
  2. ↑ ibiblio.net. Hyperwar. US Navy., Building the Navy's Bases in WWII, Chapter 13, Page 342.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Adams County (Nebraska) Historical Society. "The Naval Ammunition Depot". from ACHS Historical News, Vol. 25 No. 4, and Vol. 27 No. 4. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
  4. ↑ Moss, Michael (January 19, 2015). "U.S. Research Lab Lets Livestock Suffer in Quest for Profit". The New York Times.

Coordinates: 40°31′57.12″N 98°11′16.72″W / 40.5325333°N 98.1879778°W / 40.5325333; -98.1879778

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