Northern (genre)
The Northern is a Canadian genre in literature and film made popular by the writings of Rex Beach and Zane Grey. It is similar to the Western genre but the action occurs in the Canadian North and typically features Mounties instead of, for example, Cowboys or Sheriffs. In addition to Canada, Northern is associated with modern films or television programs that are set in Alaska. The genre was extremely popular in the inter-war years of the twentieth century.[1]
In addition to being set in Canada the stories often contrast the American Old West with the Canadian one in several ways. In films such as Pony Soldier and Saskatchewan the North-West Mounted Police display reason, compassion and a sense of fair play in their dealings with Indigenous peoples of the Americas as opposed to hotheaded American visitors (often criminals), lawmen or the American Army who seem to prefer extermination with violence.
The Western idea of lawlessness set in American towns was not a part of the Canadian Northern, though individual lawbreakers or uprisings by Canadians (Quebec), Riel, and Northwest Mounted Police. First Nation tribes or Métis featured in some depictions.
Charlie Chaplin's 1925 film The Gold Rush is a comedy that parodies some of the cliches of the Northern genre.[1]
Examples of Northerns
Folklore of Canada (Canadian oral stories)
- Chasse-galerie, the enchanted canoe that flies over the water of the river like a bird
- Johnny Chinook, the Canadian cowboy and rancher of Alberta
- Big Joe Mufferaw, woodsman Paul Bunyan of Canada.
- Louis Riel
Poetry
- The Spell of the Yukon by Robert W. Service, including "The Shooting of Dan McGrew" and "The Cremation of Sam McGee"
Pulp magazines
- North West Stories (Originally published in 1925)
- North-West Romances
- Complete Northwest Magazine
Comics
Books
- Call of the Wild
- White Fang
- Renfrew of the Royal Mounted (10 books, 17 short stories)
- Susannah of the Mounties
- Stories of the Far North, Jon Tuska, ed.
- Scarlet Riders, Don Hutchison, ed., a collection of stories previously printed in Pulp magazines
Photographies
- Northern, a collection of photographies by Anthony Jourdain
Radio
- Renfrew of the Royal Mounted (presented by the author Laurie York Erskine)
- Challenge of the Yukon (1939-1955) featuring Sergeant Preston
Serials
- The Mystery Trooper (1931)
- Clancy of the Mounted (1933)
- The Mysterious Pilot (1938)
- King of the Royal Mounted (1940)
- Perils of the Royal Mounted (1942)
- King of the Mounties (1942)
- The Royal Mounted Rides Again (1945)
- Dangers of the Canadian Mounted (1948)
- Canadian Mounties vs Atomic Invaders (1953)
- Gunfighters of the Northwest (1954)
- Perils of the Wilderness (1956)
Television
- Klondike
- Sergeant Preston of the Yukon
- Renfrew of the Royal Mounted
- Dudley Do-Right, a parody of melodrama and silent films using the genre
- R.C.M.P.
- The Forest Rangers
- Adventures in Rainbow Country
- Red Serge
- Bordertown
- North of 60
- Northern Exposure
- Due South
- Klondike Kat
Movies
- The Riders of the Plains (1910)
- Flower of the North (1921)
- The Flame of the Yukon (1926)
- The Lodge in the Wilderness (1926)
- Tiger Rose (1929)
- O'Malley Rides Alone (1930)
- Men of the North (1930)
- The River's End (1931)
- Riders of the North (1931)
- Mounted Fury (1931)
- Mason of the Mounted (1932)
- Honor of the Mounted (1932)
- Mckenna of the Mounted (1932)
- The Trail Beyond (1934)
- The Fighting Trooper (1934)
- Courage of the North (1934)
- Undercover Men (1934)
- Silent Code (1935)
- Northern Frontier (1935)
- Timber Terrors (1935)
- Wilderness Mail (1935)
- Fighting Shadows (1935)
- The Red Blood of Courage (1935)
- Border Brigands (1935)
- Code of the Mounted (1935)
- Trails of the Wild (1935)
- His Fighting Blood (1935)
- Skull and Crown (1936)
- Rose Marie (1936)
- Caryl of the Mountains (1936)
- O'Malley of the Mounted (1936)
- The Country Beyond (1936)
- Phantom Patrol (1936)
- Secret Patrol (1936)
- King of the Royal Mounted (1936)
- Wildcat Trooper (1936)
- Renfrew of the Royal Mounted (1937)
- Death Goes North (1938)
- On the Great White Trail (1938)
- Heart of the North (1938)
- Crashing Thru (1939)
- North of the Yukon (1939)
- Blue Montana Skies (1939)
- Susannah of the Mounties (1939)
- Outpost of the Mounties (1939)
- Yukon Flight (1939)
- Man From Montreal (1939)
- Fighting Mad (1939)
- Murder on the Yukon (1940)
- Danger Ahead (1940)
- Sky Bandits (1940)
- River's End (1940)
- North West Mounted Police (1940)
- The Royal Mounted Patrol (1941)
- North of the Rockies (1942)
- Northwest Rangers (1942)
- Riders of the Northwest Mounted (1943)
- Law of the Northwest (1943)
- Northern Pursuit (1943)
- Northwest Trail (1945)
- Road to Utopia (1946)
- Neath Canadian Skies (1946)
- North of the Border (1946)
- Where the North Begins (1947)
- Bush Pilot (1947)
- Northwest Stampede (1948)
- Trail of the Mounties (1949)
- Trail of the Yukon (1949)
- Wolf Hunters (1949)
- Mrs. Mike (1949)
- Snow Dog (1950)
- North of the Great Divide (1950)
- Call of the Klondike (1950)
- Gene Autry and the Mounties (1951)
- Yukon Manhunt (1951)
- Northwest Territory (1951)
- The Wild North (1952)
- Border Saddlemates (1952)
- Yukon Gold (1952)
- Pony Soldier (1952)
- Blue Canadian Rockies (1952)
- Fangs of the Arctic (1953)
- Fort Vengeance (1953)
- Northern Patrol (1953)
- Yukon Vengeance (1954)
- Rose Marie (1954)
- Saskatchewan (1954)
- North to Alaska (1960)
- The Canadians (1961)
- Challenge to Be Free (1972)
- Alien Thunder (1974)
- Red Coat (1975)
- Spirit of the Wind (1979)
- Death Hunt (1981)
- White Fang (1991)
- Jesuit Joe (1991)
- Shadow of the Wolf (1992)
- On Deadly Ground (1994)
- White Fang 2: Myth of the White Wolf (1994)
- Balto (1995)
- Alaska (1996)
- Dudley Do-Right (1999)
- Snow Dogs (2002)
- Balto II: Wolf Quest (2002)
- The Snow Walker (2003)
- Balto III: Wings of Change (2004)
- Seraphim falls (2006)
- The Mountie (2011)
References
- 1 2 "Chaplin's decision to have The Gold Rush take place during the 1897– 8 Klondike Gold Rush placed it squarely within the well established Northern genre, which spanned theatre, literature and film, encompassing stories about trappers, adventurers, lumberjacks, miners, Mounties, Eskimos, and others-even animals-in the Far North".Matthew Solomon, The Gold Rush, Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. ISBN 1137516119
External links
- "Looking for Dudley Do-Right" at Pulp and Dagger Fiction
- Northern Romances Editorial at Pulp and Dagger Fiction
- "Romancing the Redcoat: A Canadian Hero Lost in Hollywood" at Canuxploitation
- The RCMP in Popular Culture
- The Mountie Films at B-Westerns
- NORTH WEST MOUNTED POLICE Canadian Mounties in Literature
- Hollywood's View of Canada (list of films)
- The Force in the North - Myths at Virtual Museum Canada