Palwal district

Palwal district पलवल जिला
District of Haryana
Location of Palwal district in Haryana
Country	India
State	Haryana
Headquarters	Palwal
Tehsils	1. Palwal, 2. Hodal, 3. Hathin
Government
• Lok Sabha constituencies	Faridabad (shared with Faridabad district)
• Assembly seats	4
Area
• Total	1,359 km^2 (525 sq mi)
Population (2011)
• Total	1,040,493
• Density	770/km^2 (2,000/sq mi)
• Urban	235,663
Demographics
• Literacy	70.32%
• Sex ratio	879
Major highways	2(NH-2), KMP Expressway.
Average annual precipitation	60–100 mm
Website	Official website

Palwal district (Hindi: पलवल जिला) is the 21st district of Haryana state in northern India. Palwal city is the headquarters of this district.

The city is situated 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Delhi and 55 kilometres (34 mi) from Khair City on the Delhi-Mathura highway (NH-2). The area of the city is 22.10 square kilometres (8.53 sq mi).^[1]

It is a place of great antiquity, supposed to figure in the earliest Aryan traditions under the name of Apelava, part of the Pandava kingdom of Indraprastha, which was later restored by Vikramaditya.^[2]

Geography

Palwal is located at 28°09′N 77°20′E / 28.15°N 77.33°E.^[3] It has an average elevation of 195 metres (639 ft).

Palwal has many temples, Schools, Colleges and banks. It also contains developed areas like Housing board colony, New colony, Main market, shivapuri, Krishna colony, shiv colony, camp colony, Huda sector 2, etc. Government is also putting more emphases toward the economy and development of Palwal as it is situated in mid of developed cities like Delhi, Gurgaon, Noida, Faridabad, Khair, Mathura at and about an equiv-distance, It consist agriculture based areas as well as commercial areas.

History

Ancient times

The city Palwal got its name from a great demon named " Palwali " who ruled during the reign of Pandavas. He was killed by Balarama, elder brother of Shri Krishna. In his memory, every year a festival is organised in palwal which is known as "Baldev Chhat Ka Mela". There is also a temple dedicated to Balaram near Municipal Office chowk. Railway Station of Palwal is the place from where Mahatma Gandhi ji was arrested first time. A historical building " Gandhi Ashrama" was made in the memory of Mahatma Gandhi ji being arrested at railway station.
Syed Yusuf ali -was a noble and rich man from Palwal during the short ruling period of Muhammad Azam Shah and died along with Muhammad Azam Shah on 19 June 1707 at the battle of Jajuwan.^[4][5]

In the 17th century, Khan Mohammad from Palwal married his daughter with Qazi Syed Rafi Mohammad. Similarly, the son of Qazi Syed Rafi Mohammad, Mohammad Baqar, was married to Sultan Bibi from Palwal. The daughter of Mohammad Baqar, 'Khairun Nisan' was also married in Palwal to Mohammad Ikram ibn Sultan Mohammad (alias Qazi Mian of Palwal). The daughter of 'Khairun Nisan' and Mohmmad Ikram namely 'Noorun Nisan' was married with Mohammad Mureeed, son of Qazi Syed Hayatullah. Qazi Syed Mohammad Rafi also married in Palwal with Fazal Nisan, daughter of Mohammad Saeed ibn Mohammad Hussain ibn Maulana Abul Khair. These intermarriages show how deep relations were there between Palwal and Sakras.

Palwal part of Punjab Province in 1903.

British Period

During the British period, Palwal was a part of the Punjab Province and a part of Gurgaon district.
Many persons from Palwal participated in the 1857 revolt against the British forces. Hayat Ali and Khairat Ali were martyred along with 17 people from Palwal only. Hayat Ali after arrest from his house was taken to Delhi and hanged. All male members of his family were ordered to be hanged. Large number of arrest warrants were issued. Interestingly, Tahsildar Palwal impersonate as Bangle seller like a Political decoy, went to the house of Hayat Ali, and saved Nazeer Ali (the grandson of Hayat Ali), who was merely 2 years old, inside a basket fully covered by bangles. He then left the child in the jungles of Nageena near Palwal. Ladies from the family of Hayat Ali, followed him, took the child from jungles and with cautious ultimately reached Tijara. Amongst the 17 people who were hanged in Palwal included the son-in-law of Hayat Ali, whose name was Iradat Ali bin Rustam Ali. When British forces chased the other family members from Pinangwan. The brother of Iradat Ali from Pinangwan, namely Karamat Ali could able to survive his life and ran away to Tijara. He latterly changed his name to ‘Zamin Ali’.^[6] gf

Post-independence

On 15 August 1979, Gurgaon district was further divided to form a new Faridabad district, and Palwal became a part of it.^[7] Finally Palwal became the 21st district of Haryana on 15 August 2008.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Palwal district has a population of 1,040,493,^[8] This gives it a ranking of 436rd in India (out of a total of 640).^[8] The district has a population density of 761 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,970/sq mi) .^[8] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 25.49%.^[8] Palwal has a sex ratio of 879 females for every 1000 males,^[8] and a literacy rate of 70.3%.^[8]

As of 2011 India census,^[9] Palwal city had a population of 235663 . Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Palwal has an average literacy rate of 71%, higher than the national average of 65%: male literacy is 78%, and female literacy is 67%. In Palwal District, 30% of the population is Jat and 25% is Gujjar lived, Palwal is the most progressive District in the State of Haryana.

Forests

Forest Department is running two schemes namely a forestation and soil Conservation Land Reclamation. As per the National Forests Policy of MOEF, Govt. of India about 1/3 of the geographical area should be under tree cover. In order to achieve this objective various special project large scale plantation on community, Panchayat, Government and Private land were undertaken in last 20 years and saplings of Eucalypyus, Shisham, Neem and other fruit plant were distributed free of costs to farmers to plant in their field.

Administrative set up

District comprises 282 Villages, 237 Gram Panchayats,1 Municipal Council, 2 Municipal Committee, 3 Sub Divisions, 4 Dev. Blocks and 3 Tehsils. Sub Division is under the control of sub Divisional Magistrate while each Dev. Block is under the control of Block Dev. & Panchayat Officer. All the blocks are well covered under Swarn Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojna and other developmental programmes. Developmental programmes are being looked after by the Additional Deputy Commissioner-cum Chief Executive Officer, DRDA Palwal. The district is under the overall charge of the Deputy Commissioner who is also the chairman of the District Rural Dev. Agency.

References

1. Palwal Geography Yamuna Action Plan official website.
2. Palwal Town The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. 19, p. 375.
3. Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Palwal
4. Tarikh Mohammadi by Mirza Mohammad bin Rustam Mukhatib b Mohtamid Khan, Vol 2, No. 6: Ed. Imtiaz Ali Arshi, Department of History, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 1960. p. 28
5. Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman (2008). "Chapter: Qazi Rafi Mohammad". Ḥayāt-i Karam Ḥusain (2nd ed.). Aligarh, India: Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences. pp. 25–29. OCLC 852404214.
6. Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman (2008). "1857 ki Jung-e Azadi main Khandan ka hissa". Ḥayāt-i Karam Ḥusain (2nd ed.). Aligarh, India: Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences. pp. 253–258. OCLC 852404214.
7. History Official website Gurgaon.
8. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
9. "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.

External links

• History of Haryana

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