Richard R. Schrock

Richard Schrock

Richard Schrock during the Opening Ceremony of 44th International Chemistry Olympiad
Born Richard Royce Schrock
(1945-01-04) January 4, 1945
Berne, Indiana, United States
Nationality American
Fields Chemistry
Institutions
Alma mater
Thesis Synthesis and study of some Group VIII transition metal catalysts (1972)
Doctoral advisor J. A. Osborn
Known for
Notable awards
Spouse Nancy Carlson (m. 1971)
Children two
Website
web.mit.edu/rrs/www/home.html

Richard Royce Schrock (born January 4, 1945) is an American chemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his contributions to the olefin metathesis reaction used in organic chemistry.[3][4]

Education

Born in Berne, Indiana, Schrock went to Mission Bay High School in San Diego, California. He holds a B.A. (1967) from the University of California, Riverside and a Ph. D. (1971) from Harvard University. At Harvard he studied under J.A. Osborn in 1971–72.

Career

Following his PhD, Schrock carried out postdoctoral research at the University of Cambridge with Lord Jack Lewis. In 1972, he was hired by DuPont, where he worked at the Experimental Station in Wilmington, Delaware in the group of George Parshall. He joined the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1975 and became full professor in 1980.[5]

He has held his current post, the Frederick G. Keyes Professor of Chemistry, at MIT since 1989. Schrock is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, National Academy of Sciences and was elected to the Board of Overseers of Harvard University in 2007.

He is co-founder and member of the board of a Swiss-based company focused on the development and application of proprietary metathesis catalyst.[6]

Awards and honors

Nobel Prize

In 2005, Schrock received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, with Robert H. Grubbs and Yves Chauvin, for his work in the area of olefin metathesis, an organic synthesis technique. Schrock was the first to elucidate the structure and mechanism of so-called 'black box' olefin metathesis catalysts. Initial work at DuPont involved the synthesis of tantalum alkylidenes, alkylidenes being a crucial resting state in the catalytic cycle of olefin metathesis. His work at MIT has led to a detailed understanding of a group of molybdenum alkylidenes and alkylidynes which are active olefin and alkyne methathesis catalysts, respectively. Schrock has done much work to demonstrate that metallacyclobutanes are the key intermediate in olefin metathesis, with metallacyclobutadienes being the key intermediate in alkyne methathesis.

Many supporting ligands have been explored in efforts to better understand the nature of the single molecule catalysts, most notably 2,6-diisopropylphenylimido and adamantylimido, as well as various tert-butyl alkoxides with varying degrees of fluorination. The prototypical Schrock catalyst is (R"O)2(R'N)Mo(CHR) where R = tert-butyl, R' = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, and R" = C(Me)(CF3)2. Such catalysts are now commercially available from such major suppliers as Sigma-Aldrich, and are used frequently in synthetic applications of olefin metathesis. Schrock's work is ongoing with goals of furthering the understanding of metathesis selectivity, developing new catalyst architectures, as well as projects outside of metathesis, such as elucidating the mechanism of dinitrogen fixation and developing single molecule catalysts which form ammonia from dinitrogen, mimicking the activity of nitrogenase enzymes in biology.[7][8][9][10] In addition to the Nobel Prize, Schrock has won numerous awards incliuding:

  • ACS Award in Organometallic Chemistry (1985)[11]
  • Harrison Howe Award of the Rochester ACS section (1990)[12]
  • Alexander von Humboldt Award (1995)[13]
  • ACS Award in Inorganic Chemistry (1996)[14]
  • Bailar Medal from the University of Illinois (1998)[15]
  • ACS Cope Scholar Award (2001)[16]
  • Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson Lecturer and Medalist (2002)[17]
  • Sir Edward Frankland Prize Lecturer (2004)[18]
  • F. Albert Cotton Award in Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry (2006)[19]
  • Theodore Richards Medal from the Northeast ACS section (2006)[20]
  • August Wilhelm von Hofmann Medal from the German Chemical Society (2005)
  • Basolo Medal (2007)[1]
  • Elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 2008.[2]
  • Chemistry library at the University of Sussex named in his honour (2013)
  • Schrock carbenes are named in his honour

Personal life

Schrock married Nancy Carlson in 1971 and has two children, Andrew and Eric. Nancy Schrock was the Thomas F. Peterson, Jr. Conservator of Special Collections for the MIT Libraries from 2006 to 2013.[21] The family lives in Winchester, Massachusetts.[5]

References

  1. 1 2 American Chemical Society. Membership.acs.org. Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  2. 1 2 "Fellows of the Royal Society". London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on 2015-03-16.
  3. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005". Nobelprize.org.
  4. ↑ Mansuy, Daniel (2005). "Métathèse et catalyse à l'honneur". médecine/sciences. 21 (11): 995–997. doi:10.1051/medsci/20052111995. ISSN 0767-0974. PMID 16274653.
  5. 1 2 "Richard R. Schrock – Autobiography". Nobelprize.org.
  6. ↑ Website von Ximo AG. Ximo-inc.com. Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  7. ↑ Schrock, R. R. "Reduction of Carbon Monoxide. Past Research Summary", Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States Department of Energy, (1982).
  8. ↑ Schrock, R. R. "Chemistry of Bimetallic Linked Cyclopentadienyl Complexes: Progress Report, 1 December 1986 --30 November 1989", Department of Chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States Department of Energy, (1989).
  9. ↑ Schrock, R. R. "Controlled Synthesis of Polyenes by Catalytic Methods. Progress Report, December 1, 1989 – November 30, 1992", Department of Chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States Department of Energy, (1992).
  10. ↑ Schrock, R. R. "Controlled Synthesis of Polyenes by Catalytic Methods. Progress Report, December 1, 1992 – November 30, 1993", Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States Department of Energy, (December 1993).
  11. ↑ ACS Award in Organometallic Chemistry. Portal.acs.org. Retrieved on 2013-01-04. Archived February 24, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  12. ↑ The Harrison Howe Award – Past Recipients. Chem.rochester.edu. Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  13. ↑ Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation – 21 – Chemistry Nobel Prize for two Humboldtians. Humboldt-stiftung.de. Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  14. ↑ ACS Award in Inorganic Chemistry. Portal.acs.org. Retrieved on 2013-01-04. Archived February 24, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  15. ↑ Bailar Medalists / Chemistry at Illinois. Chemistry.illinois.edu. Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  16. ↑ Arthur C. Cope Scholar Awards. Portal.acs.org (2012-09-13). Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  17. ↑ RSC Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson Award Previous Winners. Rsc.org. Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  18. ↑ RSC Frankland Award Previous Winners. Rsc.org. Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  19. ↑ F. Albert Cotton Award in Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry. Portal.acs.org (2012-05-14). Retrieved on 2013-01-04.
  20. ↑ Theodore William Richards Medal Recipients. nesacs.org
  21. ↑ "Bibliotech" (PDF). Fall 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
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