Rocket Engine Test Facility

Rocket Engine Test Facility
Formerly listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Former U.S. National Historic Landmark
1982 photograph
Location	Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
Built	1957
Architect	National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)
Architectural style	No Style Listed
NRHP Reference #	85002800[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	April 3, 1985
Designated NHL	April 3, 1985[2]
Removed from NRHP	April 4, 2005
Delisted NHL	April 4, 2005[2]

Rocket Engine Test Facility was the name of a facility at the NASA Glenn Research Center, formerly known as the Lewis Research Center, in Ohio. The purpose of the Rocket Engine Test Facility was to test full-scale liquid hydrogen rockets at thrust chamber pressures of up to 2100 psia and thrust levels to at least 20,000 pounds. Work on the design of the facility began in 1954 under the auspices of NACA's Rocket Branch of the Fuels and Combustion Research Division. It was built at a cost of $2.5 million and completed in 1957.^[3] The facility was located at the south end of the Center, adjacent to Abrams Creek 41°24′14″N 81°52′05″W / 41.404°N 81.868°W. It was demolished in 2003 in order to make way for the runway expansion of the Cleveland Hopkins International Airport.^[2]

Capabilities

It consisted of two major buildings and several support service buildings. Test Stand A was designed for sea-level testing of vertically mounted rocket engines that exhaust into an exhaust gas scrubber and muffler. The A stand had the capability of testing engines with chamber pressures up to 4300 psia and thrust levels up to 50,000 pounds.

1957 photograph of the just completed Rocket Engine Test Facility

Test Stand B was designed by Anthony Fortini and Vearl N. Huff in 1959, but it was not built until after 1980. It could test horizontally mounted rocket engines exhausting into an exhaust diffuser, cooler, and a nitrogen-driven two-stage ejector system. The B stand, for altitude testing in a space environment, had the capability of testing engines with chamber pressures up to 1000 psia and thrust levels up to 1500 pounds.

The support systems included storage dewars for cryogenic fuels and a large water reservoir. Smaller buildings included a block house for observation, a pump house, a helium compressor shelter, and a liquid hydrogen pump vaporizer shelter. In 1984 the facility was modified to provide the capability for testing extremely large area ratio nozzles (to 1000:1).^[3]

National Historic Landmark

It was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 1985, because of its significant role in the development of liquid hydrogen as a rocket fuel. It was used in the development of the Pratt & Whitney RL-10 engine for the Centaur upper stage, as well as for the J-2 engine, with its 200,000-pound thrust, for the second stage of the Saturn V rocket. The hydrogen-oxygen engines used by the Space Shuttle were also tested in this facility. After the facility's 2003 razing, it was de-designated on April 4, 2005.^[2]

References

• Dawson, Virginia P. Ideas into hardware: A history of the Rocket Engine Test Facility at the NASA Glenn Research Center. (2004)

1. National Park Service (2008-04-15). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
2. "Rocket Engine Test Facility". Withdrawal of National Historic Landmark Designation. National Park Service. Retrieved 2008-06-16.
3. Dawson, Virginia P. "APPENDIX B". Engines and Innovation: Lewis Laboratory and American Propulsion Technology. NASA History Series.