Sarmada

Sarmada
سرمدا
Sarmada

Location in Syria

Coordinates: 36°11′N 36°43′E / 36.183°N 36.717°E / 36.183; 36.717Coordinates: 36°11′N 36°43′E / 36.183°N 36.717°E / 36.183; 36.717
Country  Syria
Governorate Idlib
District Harem
Subdistrict al-Dana
Population (2007 est.)
 • Total 15,000
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)

Sarmada (Arabic: سرمدا‎‎) is a town in the Harem District, Idlib Governorate of Syria.[1] It is in the extreme northwest of Syria near the border with Turkey.

A church was consecrated in Sarmada by Patriarch Elias of Antioch in 722 CE.[2] It is also the place in which the Battle of Sarmada took place between the Principality of Antioch and the Artuqids on June 28, 1119.

Column of Sarmada

The town is distinguished by the Roman tomb of Alexandras, dated to the second century CE.[3] The tomb is rectangular and supports two columns, composed of thirteen cylicrical stones, joined together at the tenth cylinder by a horizontal piece with a further capital on top.[4]

Monastery of Saint Daniel, Breij, Hisn ad-Dair, Crusader castle

The Monastery of Saint Daniel, Syria (also known as Breij or Braij or al-Breij) is located 2 km west of the town, perched in a hillside location about 400 metres from the road.[5] The monastery is dated to the 6th century CE during the later monastic phase of the Dead Cities.[6]

A monastery called Hisn ad-Dair near Sarmada was given to Alan of Gael by Baldwin II of Jerusalem in 1121 AD, when it was described as a fortified monastery.[7] There is also mention of a castle with three watchtowers in the area.[8]

Roman temple

A further 4 km along the road towards Baqirha is a Roman temple dedicated to Zeus. Epigraphic evidence was found dating the structure to c. 169 CE. The temple features a massive gateway and cella along with one surviving column of what once was a four columned portico.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Sarmada; Esyria
  2. ↑ Jan J. Ginkel; Hendrika Lena Murre-van den Berg; Theo Maarten Van Lint (2005). Redefining Christian Identity: Cultural Interaction in the Middle East Since the Rise of Islam. Peeters Publishers. pp. 1–. ISBN 978-90-429-1418-6. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  3. ↑ Warwick Ball (31 January 2000). Rome in the East. Taylor & Francis. pp. 363–. ISBN 978-0-415-11376-2. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  4. ↑ Soubhi Saouaf (1957). Six tours in the vicinity of Aleppo ; visitors' guide. Georges Salem. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  5. ↑ Diana Darke (15 June 2010). Syria, 2nd. Bradt Travel Guides. pp. 200–. ISBN 978-1-84162-314-6. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  6. 1 2 Andrew Beattie; Timothy Pepper (1 July 2001). The Rough Guide to Syria. Rough Guides. pp. 2–. ISBN 978-1-85828-718-8. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  7. ↑ Thomas S. Asbridge (2000). The Creation of the Principality of Antioch, 1098-1130. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp. 169–. ISBN 978-0-85115-661-3. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  8. ↑ Hugh N. Kennedy (2006). Muslim Military Architecture in Greater Syria: From the Coming of Islam to the Ottoman Period. BRILL. pp. 291–. ISBN 978-90-04-14713-3. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
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