Sealand of the Pacific
| Date opened | 1969 |
|---|---|
| Date closed | November 1992 |
| Location | Victoria, British Columbia, Canada |
| Coordinates | 48°25′30″N 123°18′06″W / 48.4249°N 123.3018°WCoordinates: 48°25′30″N 123°18′06″W / 48.4249°N 123.3018°W |
Sealand of the Pacific was a public aquarium in South Oak Bay at The Oak Bay Marina, near the city of Victoria, in British Columbia, Canada. It housed a number of orcas, Haida, Nootka, and Tillikum. In 1991, all three were involved in an incident in which a trainer, Keltie Byrne, was killed. The aquarium subsequently closed and sold its orcas to SeaWorld.[1]
History
The aquarium opened in 1969, housing an orca named Haida which had been captured in 1968.[2] Shortly afterwards, the aquarium decided to capture a mate for him, taking a partial albino named Chimo. She died in 1972, a little over 2 years after her capture; the disease which caused her albinism, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, made her very susceptible to illness. Haida, her mate, mourned her death, and remained alone for years. Eventually, Sealand captured a female whale named Nootka II for his mate. Nootka II, however, died after 9 months. His third mate, Nootka III, was also short-lived. By the time of the death of his third mate, Haida displayed no interest in them.
In 1977, Sealand captured a young orca which was found alone, emaciated, and suffering from bullet wounds. Miracle became a popular attraction, but was kept in a separate pen from Haida. Several years later her companion in the pen, a seal named Shadow, drowned in the nets forming the pen.
As anti-captivity protests began to put pressure on aquaria, Sealand agreed to release Haida, but the animal died a few days before the scheduled release in October 1982, with no evidence of foul play. His release had been part of a bargain for the aquarium to acquire new whales. Many people were outraged by the plan of capturing more whales, and staked a protest at the supposed capture site. Sealand soon obtained three whales captured from Iceland.
The three new orcas, Tilikum, Nootka IV, and Haida II, never had good dynamics together, and indeed, the male Tilikum was often chased into the medical pen by the two females.
1991 accident & closure
On 20 February 1991, Keltie Byrne, a 20-year-old student and part-time orca trainer, slipped and fell into the whale pool after a show. Tilikum, Nootka IV, and Haida II dragged and repeatedly submerged her until she drowned, despite other trainers' efforts to rescue her. The poor relations between the whales, unfamiliarity with trainers in the water, and the pregnancy of at least one of the females (Haida II) were cited as possible causes.[3][4][5][6]
Sealand of the Pacific closed shortly after the incident in November 1992. All three of the whales were sold to SeaWorld in the United States. Tilikum and Nootka IV went to SeaWorld Orlando, while Haida II and her baby Kyuquot went to SeaWorld San Antonio. Kyuquot and Tilikum remain in captivity at SeaWorld venues. Haida II died in August 2001, while Nootka IV died in 1994.
Orcas kept at Sealand
- Haida
- Chimo: An albino orca. Captured in March 1970 and died in 1972.
- Knootka/Nootka: An orca captured alongside Chimo in March 1970. Lived at Sealand until the twenty-fifth of that month, when she was moved to the Japanese Deer Park in California. From 1971 to 1972 Knootka was residing at a Texan park named "Seven Seas Texas." She would go on to live at Marineland Canada until 1986, and SeaWorld San Diego, where she spent the final four years of her life. She died on March 13, 1990.
- Nootka II
- Nootka III
- Miracle
- Haida II: Died on August 1, 2001.
- Nootka IV: Died on September 13, 1994, at SeaWorld Florida.*
- Tilikum Currently lives at SeaWorld Orlando.
- Kyuquot: The first offspring of Tilikum, mothered by Haida II. Currently lives at SeaWorld Texas.
- Nootka IV's calf: The calf was born on February 4, 1992, and died March 10, 1992.[7]
References
- ↑ "Oak Bay Marine Group timeline".
- ↑ frontline: a whale of a business: viewer discussion
- ↑ PBS: A whale of a business excerpts from chapter 7 of “The Performing Orca – Why the show must stop” by Erich Hoyt, Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society, Bath U.K. 1992.
- ↑ Helm, Denise, Tilikum incident still haunts Wright, Oak Bay News 04 Mar 2010
- ↑ Sealand opens its doors for first show since drowning, The Vancouver Sun 04 Mar 1991
- ↑ Trainer dragged to death by whales, Toronto Star, Feb 21, 1991
- ↑ http://cetacousin.bplaced.net/orca/profile/sop921.html