Al-Chemor

Al-Chemor (pronounced as Ach-Chmorr or Shummar in Arabic الشمرّ and "fennel" in English) is an ancient clan from Lebanon.[1][2]

History

The family ruled two Sheikhdoms in Northern Lebanon, Akoura (from 1211-1633 CE) and Zawyia (1641-1747 CE)[3] Its lineage traces from King Abu Chemor, a Christian Ghassanid who gave his name to the family. Its sheikhs were the last Ghassanid princes of the 18th century.[4] They derived from the Yamanis and left Akoura in the 17th century. Some members moved to Jeita in Keserwan where Sleiman Chemor was a prominent land owner.[5][6]

Other family members left Tripoli to inhabit and rule Aradat and Kfarhata. In 1654 Abdallah Bin Chemor Al Akoury was killed by the followers of the Hamadi Cheikhs after they were assigned to rule Jebbet Becharri by the governor of Tripoli, Mouhammad Bacha Al Koubary. When the aggression of the Hamadis increased, the governor launched two battalions against the Shiite renegades, one of them headed by Daher El Daher and one by Youssef Chemor.[7] The campaign met its goals but one of the leaders, Bechara Karam, was ambushed and killed in Meghayri, south of Akoura. The Chemors were related by marriage to the Yaghis of Akoura.

The Ghassanids are the largest tribe in the Arabic peninsula. During the 2nd century CE they emigrated from Yemen after the Marib dam break to Syria in search of water sources. They established themselves near the “Ghassan spring” from which they took their name. The Ghassanids tribe was Christian and allied to the Byzantines.

Abou Choummar Jabla was one of the first Ghassanid kings, ruling around 500 AD. His son was the most prominent Ghassanid King. He was named “the Great Protector” because he defended the Christians against the barbarians with the help and the benediction of Byzantine Emperor Justinian II. His kingdom included the regions of Houran, Mount Hermon, the Golan, the Jordan valley and Damascus. In 635 AD, the Ghassanid kingdom disappeared when the area was conquered by Muslims. The Choummar (from Abou Choummar Jabla) had to flee to Lebanon; their first stay was in the Christian Maronite region of Akoura (Byblos district) where geological and historical safety was provided.[8]

The Choummar inhabited and ruled the rich agricultural region of Akoura in today's Lebanon from 1211 until 1633 CE. They ruled Zawiya from 1641 to 1747[9] and took Kfarhata near Zgharta as their home town. During this period, many disputes between them and the Daher occurred. One led them to escape the village and take refuge in Beit Habbak, a small hillside village near Jbeil, where a big ramification of the Chemor family took place (Gharios, Hobeika…)

Modern era

The House of Gharios is the best known of the descendants[10] with many active members residing in current Lebanon.

Kfarhata is still the hometown of the Sheikhs Chemor. Over generations, the family has spread throughout Lebanon, and its members reside throughout the world.

References

  1. ↑ "El-Shark Lebanese Newspaper". Elsharkonline.com. Retrieved 2015-10-25.
  2. ↑ "مكتبة الشيخ ناصيف الشمر ! - النهار". Annahar.com. Retrieved 2015-10-25.
  3. ↑ Book Al-Sheikh Al-Chemor Al-Hakum Al-Akoura Al-Hakum Al-Zawyia, Ignatios Tannous Al-Khoury, Beirut, 1948, pg.2
  4. ↑ Book Al-Sheikh Al-Chemor Al-Hakum Al-Akoura Al-Hakum Al-Zawyia, Ignatios Tannous Al-Khoury, Beirut, 1948, pg.38
  5. ↑ "محاضرة لسيادة المطران جورج أبي صابر السامي الاحترام عن البطريرك اسطفان الدويهي اللاهوتي (1630-(1704". Patriarchdouaihy.com. Retrieved 2015-10-25.
  6. ↑ "Tārīkh al-ṭāʼifah al-Mārūnīyah (Microform, 1890)". [WorldCat.org]. 2015-03-12. Retrieved 2015-10-25.
  7. ↑ المزيد من الأخبار. "العائلات اللبنانيّة... رحلة في جذور التاريخ (آل حماده) 17 محمد باشا حشد ألفي مُقاتل الى جبّة المنيطرة معقل الحماديين فشتتهم الى بعلبك ووادي الميحال في الساحل | الديار". Addiyar.com. Retrieved 2015-10-25.
  8. ↑ Book Al-Sheikh Al-Chemor Al-Hakum Al-Akoura Al-Hakum Al-Zawyia, Ignatios Tannous Al-Khoury, Beirut, 1948, pg.38
  9. ↑ ÇáćßÇáÉ ÇáćŘäíÉ ááĹÚáÇă (2014-01-07). "ÇáćßÇáÉ ÇáćŘäíÉ ááĹÚáÇă - ßÝŃÍÇĘÇ ČáĎÉ ÔăÇáíÉ ăĘÇÎăÉ áŇŰŃĘÇ ÔÝíÚĺÇ ăÇŃ ăÇăÇ". Nna-leb.gov.lb. Retrieved 2015-10-25.
  10. ↑ Book Al-Sheikh Al-Chemor Al-Hakum Al-Akoura Al-Hakum Al-Zawyia, Ignatios Tannous Al-Khoury, Beirut, 1948, pg.123
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