NZR RM class (Silver Fern)

This article is about the New Zealand railcar service and the railcars themselves. For other uses, see Silver Fern (disambiguation)
New Zealand RM class
Silver Fern

Silver Fern railcar RM 24 near Papakura, Auckland
In service 1972 - present
Manufacturer Kawasaki and Toshiba, trading as Nissho-Iwai Company of Japan
Constructed 1972
Entered service 1972
Number built 3
Number in service 2
Fleet numbers RM 1, 2, 3 (original)
RM 18, 24, 30 (TMS)
Capacity 96
Operator(s) New Zealand Railways Department (1972 - 1982)
New Zealand Railways Corporation (1982 - 1990)
New Zealand Rail Limited (1990 - 1995)
Tranz Rail (1995 - 2002)
Transdev Auckland (2002 - 2009)
KiwiRail (2008 - present)
Line(s) served North Island Main Trunk
Palmerston North - Gisborne Line
East Coast Main Trunk (former)
Rotorua Branch (former)
Specifications
Train length 47.4 metres (155 ft 6 in) total
Car length (?)
Maximum speed 120 km/h (75 mph)
Weight 107 tonnes (105 long tons; 118 short tons)
Prime mover(s) Caterpillar D398TA
Power output 670 kW (900 hp)
Track gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)

The NZR RM class Silver Fern is a class of railcar in New Zealand. The three air-conditioned and sound-proofed 723-kW 96-seater diesel-electric twin-set railcars were built by Kawasaki and Toshiba, trading as Nissho Iwai Company of Japan. The New Zealand Railways classed the railcars RM, like all other railcars.

History

A Silver Fern near Warrington, New Zealand in April 1989.
Silver Fern RM30 under refurbishment at the Wellington Passenger Depot, April 2009.

The railcars are most famous for their service on the eponymous North Island Main Trunk daylight passenger train between Auckland and Wellington between Sunday 14 December 1972 and Sunday 8 December 1991.

Built by Kawasaki and Toshiba (trading as Nissho Iwai), the Silver Ferns were introduced in 1972 to encourage passengers back to rail transport due to competition from air and road transport. The class was named the "Silver Ferns" (a national symbol of New Zealand) because of their exterior was made of corrugated stainless steel, like the overnight "Silver Star" carriage train, and replaced the three 82-seater Blue Streak railcars.

In December 1991 the Silver Fern was replaced by the Overlander carriage train. The railcars were transferred to two newly introduced services: the Kaimai Express between Auckland and Tauranga and the Geyserland Express between Auckland and Rotorua. In 2000, a third service was added, the Waikato Connection between Auckland and Hamilton. All three services ceased on 7 October 2001.

From 2002 two of the class were employed on Auckland Regional Transport Authority (ARTA) commuter services between Auckland and Pukekohe. The services were operated by Veolia Auckland as part of their contract with ARTA, with ARTA leasing the units from Tranz Scenic, later KiwiRail.

This lease expired in 2009 and the units were replaced by additional carriage services. This freed the units for charter and other services, such as KiwiRail's 'Explore by Rail' specials. In 2010 a major refurbishment of the units commenced in Wellington to extend their services, with the program completed by mid-2011. Proposals existed for the units to be employed on a revived Waikato Connection service, but this fell through late in 2011.

Current use

Following a refurbishment of RM 30, Tranz Scenic have been operating various excursion services under their new "Explore by Rail" brand. The first of these excursion services was the "Silver Fern - Otaki and Beyond Tour" which commenced on 19 September 2009. This saw RM 30 travelling from Wellington to Feilding and return on 5 Saturdays between September and December 2009. Since the Otaki and Beyond Tour, RM 30 has been used on other Explore by Rail services including:

After a recent petition by the Campaign for Better Transport which received around 11,500 signatures to start a Waikato rail service between Hamilton and Auckland (like the Waikato Connection which ceased in 2001), it looked likely that RM 18 and 24 will be used to provide this service, yet late in 2011 the councils involved voted against the Waikato Connection reinstatement based on financial and operational grounds.

Since October 2012, RM 24 has been leased to Dunedin Railways for trips between Dunedin and Waitati and charter trains between Dunedin and Christchurch, Dunedin and Invercargill and also Christchurch to Arthurs Pass. In October 2013 during the NZ Rail 150 celebrations, it was used on shuttle trains between Ferrymead Heritage Park and Lyttelton, Christchurch and Rolleston, Christchurch and Rangiora plus an evening run from Christchurch to Springfield and return. RM 30 has recently returned to service after a second refurbishment due to the withdrawals of the 56-foot 'AO' carriages. The railcar is now available for KiwiRail charters.

Service

The Silver Fern offered airline-style service on board. Drinks, snacks and the morning paper were supplied to passengers. From 1972 to 1988 there was a lunch stop at Taihape for services in both directions. That was replaced by airline-style meals heated on board, and Taihape railway station dining room was closed, the station later being demolished and replaced by a shelter.

Upgrades

During October 2008, RM 30 was taken to the Wellington Passenger Depot for extensive refurbishment. This work included the stripping of the interior in the passenger saloons, allowing corrosion repairs to be carried out. New thermal, noise deadening insulation was added. The interiors now have new carpet and refurbished seats. Each seat bay now also has a power socket for passenger use. Tables have been added with mahogany veneer, echoing the new timber-featured ceiling with ash and mahogany from sustainable forestry. Lighting has been upgraded to modern energy efficient standards, including individual reading lights in the new coat racks. Also fitted were large, triple glazed windows, to give a more panoramic view. No significant mechanical work is believed to have been undertaken. The two other railcars were refurbished in 2009.

In February 2015, RM 30 was refurbished for a second time. New seats, a new engine and the power bogie from RM 18 were fitted.

Accidents

The wrecked railcar after it was towed to Tangiwai from the wreck site.

On 18 August 1981, half of the first and second sets derailed and rolled north of Waiouru, when the northbound service was descending curves. Passengers reported that the railcar had been travelling quickly over this section of the journey and the speed around curves just before the derailment had been concerning. The subsequent enquiry found that many of the speed restriction boards for the curves in the area were missing or misleading; a full audit of speed restrictions across the entire rail network was one of the enquiry outcomes. Four people were killed and another 16 injured.[1] The railcars were replaced by the "Blue Fern" on Wednesdays for three years until May 1984, to allow the two remaining railcar sets to be serviced while the damaged set was being repaired.

In 1989 and again in 1990 the Blue Fern train ran instead of railcars after Silver Fern railcars were involved in accidents.

Class register

Key: In service On lease Out of service Preserved Overhaul/Repair Scrapped
Original no. TMS no. Introduced Withdrawn Status
1 18 Dec 1972 Refurbished. Stored at Otahuhu Workshops awaiting a decision on its future.
2 24 Dec 1972 Refurbished. Leased to Dunedin Railways.
3 30 Dec 1972 Refurbished, October 2008. Refurbished again, February 2015.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Nancy Swarbrick. 'Railway accidents - Types of accidents', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 26-Nov-10, retrieved 4 January 2011.
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