South Station (MBTA station)

SOUTH STATION SOUTH STATION
A southbound Red Line train at South Station
Location	Atlantic Avenue & Summer Street Boston, Massachusetts
Coordinates	42°21′09″N 71°03′19″W / 42.35261°N 71.05536°WCoordinates: 42°21′09″N 71°03′19″W / 42.35261°N 71.05536°W
Owned by	MBTA
Line(s)	Red Line   Silver Line
Platforms	2 side platforms (Red Line) 2 side platforms (Silver Line tunnel) 1 side platform (Silver Line street level)
Tracks	2 (Red Line)
Connections	MBTA Bus: 4, 7, 11, 448, 449, 459 MBTA Commuter Rail and Amtrak at South Station Intercity buses at South Station Bus Terminal
Construction
Structure type	Underground
Bicycle facilities	"Pedal and Park" bicycle cage
Disabled access	Yes
History
Opened	August 22, 1901 (Atlantic Avenue Elevated)[1] December 3, 1916 (Red Line)[2][1] December 17, 2004 (Silver Line)[3][1]
Closed	September 30, 1938 (Atlantic Avenue Elevated)[1]
Traffic
Passengers (2013)	25,037 (weekday average boardings)[4]
Services
Preceding station   MBTA   Following station Downtown Crossing toward Alewife Red Line Broadway toward Ashmont or Braintree Terminus Silver Line SL1 Courthouse toward Logan Airport Silver Line SL2 Courthouse toward Design Center Chinatown One-way operation Silver Line SL4 Terminus Tufts Medical Center toward Dudley Square   Future services   Terminus Silver Line SL6 Opening 2017 Courthouse toward Chelsea   Former services   MBTA Terminus Silver Line SL3 Closed 2009 Courthouse toward City Point Boston Elevated Railway Terminus Atlantic Avenue Elevated Closed 1938 Rowes Wharf toward North Station Dover toward Dudley Atlantic Avenue Elevated Rush hours only Closed 1938

South Station (also signed as South Station Under) is a transfer station on the MBTA rapid transit Red Line and bus rapid transit Silver Line, located at Summer Street and Atlantic Avenue in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. It is a part of the South Station complex, the second busiest transportation center in New England.^[5] Eight MBTA Commuter Rail and three Amtrak intercity rail services terminate at South Station; many of those passengers then transfer to the subway to reach other destinations in the city. With 25,037 daily boardings by a 2013 passenger count, South Station is the busiest station on the MBTA subway system.^[4]

History

In this early 1900s view, the Atlantic Avenue Elevated passes in front of South Station. The old elevated station is on the far right.

A station serving South Station was located on the Atlantic Avenue Elevated. Service on the Atlantic Avenue "El" was discontinued on September 20, 1938. The structure itself was torn down in the spring of 1942. Before stairs were added, passengers wishing to change lines from the underground station — itself opened on December 3, 1916 — had to use a paper transfer and go outside to change trains.^[6]

In 1957, the original fare lobby and the rounded top of the tunnel to the west were removed during construction of the Dewey Square Tunnel. The tunnel was rebuilt with a flat ceiling, while the fare lobby was moved to the east closer to the South Station headhouse.^[7]

Tile mosaic being restored in 2005

A second renovation began around 1980 and consisted of the adding of a passageway to already existing stairs and escalators upstairs to the main terminal building.^[8] An entrance was also added to the Federal Archives Building as well as a passageway under Summer Street connecting the other street entrances. In 1985, the Red Line platforms were extended 60 feet on either end to allow 6-car trains.^[6]

The final renovation was triggered by the massive highway project known as the "Big Dig". Since the Red Line tunnel beneath Summer Street is perpendicular to Atlantic Avenue, where the new I-93 northbound tunnel was to be built, builders had to tunnel under the tracks. After the first tunnel was complete, another tunnel was added along with a station for the Silver Line. Since the new tunnel was built at the former fare level, another fare level was constructed a level above. This allowed combined access for the Silver and Red lines. The original lobby that was destroyed was replaced by stairways.^[6] This project was completed at a cost of 35 million dollars.^[9]

After the first sections of the Silver Line opened in 2002 and 2004, a Phase III was proposed which would build a tunnel connecting South Station and the South Boston Waterfront section with the Washington Street section of the line. In 2010, the project was placed on indefinite hold.^[10] Currently, those wishing to take the Silver Line to Dudley Square can walk to the Atlantic Avenue side of South Station (by Track 1) and cross Atlantic Avenue to the street-level Silver Line bus stop.

In early 2005, a blue and white tile mosaic reading 'South Station Under' was discovered during renovations to the Red Line platform. The MBTA had the mosaic restored to its original condition during the project.^[11]

Station layout

G	Street Level	Exit/Entrance
	SL4 platform (Essex St)	← Silver Line toward Dudley Square (Tufts Medical Center)
M	Mezzanine	Crossover, fare control, to entrances/exits and underground passageways
	SL1/SL2 platform	→ Silver Line toward Logan Airport (SL1) or Design Center (SL2) (Courthouse) →
	SL1/SL2 platform	→ Silver Line toward Logan Airport (SL1) or Design Center (SL2) (Courthouse) →
P Platform level	Side platform, doors will open on the right
	Inbound	← Red Line toward Alewife (Downtown Crossing)
	Outbound	→ Red Line toward Ashmont or Braintree (Broadway) →
	Side platform, doors will open on the right

The Red Line part of the station has two tracks and two side platforms. The Silver Line SL4 service that began in October 2009^[12][13] stops at Atlantic Avenue and Essex Street near the Bus Terminal.^[12] Other Silver Line service is provided in an underground tunnel near the Red Line platforms. There are underground passageways upstairs to the inter-city rail station and many restaurants. There are entrances at street level on all four corners of the intersection of Summer Street and Atlantic Avenue.^[14]

Bus connections

Aside from the Silver Line, six MBTA Bus routes stop on Summer Street east of the station entrances:^[14]

• 4 North Station - World Trade Center via Federal Courthouse & South Station
• 7 City Point - Otis & Summer Streets via Summer Street & South Station
• 11 City Point - Downtown BayView Route
• 448 Marblehead - Downtown Crossing via Paradise Road, Lynnway, & Airport
• 449 Marblehead - Downtown Crossing via Humphrey Street, Lynnway, & Airport
• 459 Salem Depot - Downtown Crossing via Logan Airport & Central Square, Lynn

References

1. Belcher, Jonathan (27 June 2015). "Changes to Transit Service in the MBTA district" (PDF). NETransit. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
2. "New Tunnel Station is Opened". Boston Daily Globe. December 4, 1916.
3. "New Silver Line 'T' Stop Opens: Tunnel Connects South Station, World Trade Center". The Boston Channel. 17 December 2004. Archived from the original on 20 March 2012.
4. "Ridership and Service Statistics" (PDF) (14 ed.). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
5. Project for Public Spaces, Retrieved December 31, 2010
6. O'Regan, Gerry (2012). "MBTA Red Line". nycsubway.org. David Pirmann. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
7. Tsipis, Yanni K. Boston's Central Artery. Arcadia. p. 96. ISBN 9780738505268.
8. NYCSubway Picture. Retrieved January 3, 2011
9. Intermodal Stations. Retrieved December 31, 2010
10. Annual Status Report to DEP, July 9, 2010
11. Daniel, Mac (23 January 2005). "South Bay shoppers don't rush home with their treasures". Boston Globe. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
12. "South Station Direct Connect". MassDOT. Archived from the original on October 25, 2009. Retrieved December 31, 2010.
13. "Press Release". MBTA. October 13, 2009. Retrieved December 31, 2010.
14. "South Station Neighborhood Map" (PDF). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. April 2012.

External links

• MBTA - South Station
• Atlantic Avenue entrance from Google Maps Street View