List of Russian inventors
This is a list of inventors from the Russian Federation, Soviet Union, Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia and Grand Duchy of Moscow, including both ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities.
This list also includes those who were born in Russia or its predecessor states but later emigrated, and those who were born elsewhere but immigrated to the country or worked there for a considerable time, (producing inventions on Russian soil).
For Russian inventions in chronological order, see the Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records.
Alphabetical list
A
B
C
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Vladimir Chelomey (1914–1984) ![]() ![]() |
first space station (Salyut 1), further space stations of Salyut series, Proton rocket (the most used heavy lift launch system)[37] | ||
![]() |
Pavel Cherenkov (1904–1990) ![]() ![]() |
Cherenkov detector[38] | |
Evgeniy Chertovsky (born 1902) ![]() ![]() ![]() |
pressure suit[39] | ||
Alexander Chizhevsky (1897–1964) ![]() ![]() |
air ionizer (Chizhevsky's chandelier)[40] | ![]() A modern air ionizer | |
Andrey Chokhov (c. 1545–1629) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of Russia |
Tsar Cannon, the largest bombard by caliber but inoperative[41] | ![]() The Tsar Cannon |
D
E
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Ivan Elmanov![]() |
first monorail (the so-called "Road on Pillars" near Moscow, with horse-drawn carriages)[49] | ![]() Modern Moscow monorail |
F
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Peter Carl Fabergé (1846–1920) ![]() |
Fabergé Eggs[50] | |
Nicolas Florine (1891–1972) ![]() ![]() (born in Georgia) |
first tandem rotor helicopter to fly freely[51] | ![]() A modern tandem rotor helicopter | |
Ivan Fyodorov (c. 1510–1583) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of Russia ![]() |
invented multibarreled mortar, introduced printing in Russia[52] | ![]() Fedorov depicted in his typography | |
Svyatoslav Fyodorov (1927–2000) ![]() ![]() |
radial keratotomy[53] | ![]() Scheme of radial keratotomy | |
![]() |
Vladimir Fyodorov (1874–1966) ![]() ![]() |
Fedorov Avtomat (first self-loading battle rifle, arguably the first assault rifle)[54] |
G
H
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Waldemar Haffkine (1860–1930) ![]() ![]() |
developed and used first vaccines against cholera and bubonic plague[70][71] | ![]() An injection of anti-plague vaccine |
I
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Gavriil Ilizarov (1921–1992) ![]() ![]() |
Ilizarov apparatus, external fixation, distraction osteogenesis[72][73][74] | |
Sergey Ilyushin (1894–1977) ![]() ![]() |
Il-series fighter aircraft, including Ilyushin Il-2 bomber (the most produced military aircraft in history)[75] | ||
Aleksei Isaev (1908–1971) ![]() ![]() (second left on photo) |
first rocket-powered fighter aircraft, BI-1 (together with Bereznyak)[25] | ||
Isidore Grand Duchy of Moscow |
Russian vodka[76] |
J
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Boris Jacobi (1801–1874) ![]() ![]() |
electrotyping (an application of electroplating to typography), electric boat[77] | ![]() Early electroplating |
K
L
M
N
O
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Theophil Wilgodt Odhner (1845–1903) ![]() ![]() |
the Odhner Arithmometer (a mechanical pinwheel calculator) | |
Lucien Olivier (1838–1883) ![]() (Belgian or French origin) |
Russian salad (Olivier salad) |
P
R
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Leonid Ramzin (1887–1948) ![]() ![]() |
straight-flow boiler (Ramzin boiler)[128] | ||
![]() |
Peter I of Russia (Romanov) (1672–1725) Tsardom of Russia ![]() |
decimal currency, yacht club, sounding line with separating plummet (sounding weight probe)[129][130][131] | ![]() Sounding line throwing |
Ida Rosenthal (1886–1973) ![]() ![]() (born in Belarus, Jewish descent) |
modern brassiere (Maidenform), the standard of cup sizes, nursing bra, full-figured bra, the first seamed uplift bra (all with her husband William)[132][133][134] | ![]() A modern brassiere | |
![]() |
Boris Rosing (1869–1933) ![]() ![]() |
CRT television (first TV system using cathode ray tube on the receiving side)[135][136] | ![]() A modern cathode ray tube |
Eugene Roshal (born 1972) ![]() ![]() |
FAR file manager, RAR file format, WinRAR file archiver[137] | ![]() FAR Manager screenshot |
S
T
U
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Vladimir Utkin (1923–2000) ![]() ![]() |
railcar-launched ICBM (RT-23 Molodets), other Soviet rockets[153] | ![]() RT-23 in the St Petersburg railway museum |
V
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
Vladimir Vakhmistrov (1897–1972) ![]() ![]() |
first bomber with a parasite aircraft (Zveno project) | ![]() Zveno-1 | |
![]() |
Viktor Vasnetsov (1848–1926) ![]() ![]() |
budenovka military hat | ![]() Red Army soldiers in budenovkas |
Vladimir Veksler (1907–1966) ![]() ![]() |
synchrophasotron, co-inventor of synchrotron[35][154] | ![]() A modern synchrotron scheme | |
Ivan Vyrodkov (? – 1563–64) Grand Duchy of Moscow Tsardom of Russia |
siege tower[155] |
W
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Paul Walden (1863–1957) ![]() ![]() (born in Latvia, Baltic German descent) |
Walden inversion, Ethylammonium nitrate (the first room temperature ionic liquid) | ![]() Ethylammonium nitrate formula |
Y
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Pavel Yablochkov (1847–1894) ![]() |
Yablochkov candle (first commercially viable electric carbon arc lamp) | ![]() Yablochkov demonstrates his illumination in Paris, 1878 |
Alexander Yakovlev (1906–1989) ![]() ![]() |
Yak-series aircraft, including Yakovlev Yak-40 (the first regional jet) | ||
![]() |
Vladimir Yourkevitch (1885–1964) ![]() ![]() ![]() |
modern ship hull design | |
Sergei Yudin (1891–1954) ![]() ![]() |
cadaveric blood transfusion and other medical operations[156] | ![]() World War II syringe for blood transfusion |
Z
Portrait | Person | Inventions | Image |
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Ludwik Łazarz Zamenhof (1859–1917) ![]() (Poland) |
Esperanto language | |
Yevgeny Zavoisky (1907–1976) ![]() ![]() |
EPR spectroscopy, co-developer of NMR spectroscopy[157] | ![]() Simulated EPR spectrum of the CH3 radical. | |
Nikolay Zelinsky (1861–1953) ![]() ![]() |
the first effective filtering activated charcoal gas mask in the world | ![]() A modern Russian gas mask | |
![]() |
Nikolai Zhukovsky (1847–1921) ![]() ![]() |
an early wind tunnel, co-developer of the Tsar Tank[98][158] | ![]() A modern wind tunnel |
![]() |
Vladimir Zvorykin (1889–1982) ![]() ![]() |
pioneer of television technology Iconoscope, kinescope | ![]() Zworykin's draft of a UV-microscope, similar to iconoscope |
![]() |
Vasily Zvyozdochkin (1876–1956) ![]() ![]() |
matryoshka doll (together with painter Sergey Malyutin)[159] | ![]() Matryoshka doll taken apart |
See also
References
- ↑ Bruno Abdank-Abakanowicz (1886). Les intégraphes (in French). Paris: Gauthier-Villars.
- ↑ "Invention of the Aerowagon". What Poll?. Retrieved 2010-04-11.
- ↑ "Mechanical Advantage". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ "404. Page Not Found.". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Adamian in Great Soviet Encyclopedia (Russian)
- ↑ Alexandrov's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Alexandrov's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Bendazzi, Giannalberto (1995). Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation. Paris, France: Indiana University Press. ISBN 2-910027-75-9
- ↑ Biography of Alexeev Archived 28 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Low Orbit Helium Assisted Navigator; Lohan; Iss; Nasa; Google; purity, Brexit threatens Cornish pasty's racial; home, Grim-faced 'naut Malenchenko prepares to return; $1m+, One entire US spook base: Yours for. "In search of the Caspian Sea Monster". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 – Information for the Public
- ↑ "Zhores I. Alferov - Biographical". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Altshuller's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Vasily Andreyev article on the city site of Bezhetsk (Russian)
- ↑ History of balalaika (Russian)
- ↑ Antonov's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Artsimovich's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Babakin's Biography (Russian)
- ↑ "Biography". 24 December 2012. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Barmin's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Basov Nikolay Gennadiyevich
- ↑ "Ernest Beaux, Perfumer -- From 'Bouquet of Napoleon' to 'Chanel No.5' to 'Mademoiselle Chanel No.1' (???)". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ БЕХТЕРЕВА МИКСТУРА (MixturaBechtereva) at medicinelib.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Biography of Bernardos by A. A. Chekanov (Russian)
- 1 2 Bereznyak-Isayev BI (Russian)
- ↑ Beriev's biography (Russian)
- ↑ The inventor of tractor (Russian)
- ↑ Our armor is strong and our tanks are fast and our people are full of courage (Russian)
- ↑ "Our History - Just Born - PA Candy Manufacturer". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ "Helicopter Development in the Early Twentieth Century". centennialofflight.gov. Accessed 10 May 2010.
- ↑ "BBC NEWS - Business - Profile: The Google founders". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Вестник Регистра морского судоходства России (Russian)
- ↑ Russian Virtual Computer Museum – Hall of Fame – Nikolay Petrovich Brusentsov. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
- ↑ Academician Gersh Itckovich Budker (Russian)
- 1 2 The brief history of particle accelerators (Russian)
- ↑ Read, J. (1935), Text-Book of Organic Chemistry, London: G Bell & Sons.
- ↑ The history of Chelomey's OKB (Russian)
- ↑ "Pavel A. Cherenkov - Biographical". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Vita Germetika: A Brief History of Creating and Development of Soviet-Russian space suits (Russian)
- ↑ "The A.L.Chizhevsky Science Memorial Cultural Center in Kaluga, Russia". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Guinness Book of Records
- ↑ Degtyaryov's biography (Russian)
- ↑ The office of the first Russian oligarch (Russian)
- ↑ Virtual Museum: Yuri Nikolaevich Denisyuk (Russian)
- ↑ Michael D. Gordin, J. Chem Education 83 (2006), 561–565 at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 September 2006)
- ↑ Dolivo-Dobrovolsky in Great Soviet Encyvlopedia (Russian)
- ↑ "Nikolay A. Dollezhal". Brief History (in Russian). N.A. Dollezhal Research and Development Institute of Power Engineering. Retrieved 2008-05-11.
- ↑ Mayakovskaya at the official site of the Moscow Metro
- ↑ The Unknown Russian Monorail (Russian)
- ↑ The House of Fabergé
- ↑ Jean Boulet, Histoire de l'hélicoptère : racontée par ses pionniers, 1907–1956, Paris : Ed. France-Empire, 1982 (French)
- ↑ Ivan Fyodorov's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Ophthalmology for all (Russian)
- ↑ C. Taylor The fighting rifle – A complete study of the rifle in combat, ISBN 0-87947-308-8
- ↑ "Ya.M.Gakkel. The designer of the first Soviet diesel locomotives" @ Innovation Digest.
- ↑ About Prince B. B. Galitzine by Alexey Krylov (Russian)
- ↑ Investigation of the influence of the AlGaAs-GaAs heterostructure parameters on the laser threshold current and the realization of the continuous emission at the room temperature, Zh. I. Alferov, V.M. Andreev, D.Z. Garbuzov, and others, Sov. Phys. Semiconductors 4
- ↑ Gause, GF. 1960. The search for new antibiotics. New Haven: Yale University Press. 97pp.
- ↑ A Brief History of Diving (Russian)
- ↑ History of diving in Russia (Russian)
- 1 2 It’s a thinner winner bbc.co.uk 19 October 2006
- ↑ Genko's Forest Belt at the site dedicated to protected areas of Ulyanovsk Oblast (Russian)
- ↑ "Valentin Glushko biography". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2006-07-25.
- ↑ Gobyato's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Gorynin's biography on the web page of Prometey (Russian)
- ↑ Igor Gorynin's article on Personalities of Saint Petersburg (Russian)
- ↑ "Television in Uzbekistan". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Grabovsky Boris Pavlovich and his "Telephote". Myths and reality by Yury Rubchenko (Russian)
- 1 2 Migavia.ru – official site of MiG "OKB" successor enterprise
- ↑ History of Haffkine Institute
- ↑ Haffkine's biography (Russian)
- ↑ A Genius of Osteogenesis (Russian)
- ↑ Lee Beadling «Ilizarov discovered the miracle of distraction osteogenesis»
- ↑ "Looking for something? - Taylor & Francis Online". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Ilyushin's biography at The Heroes of the Country site (Russian)
- ↑ Pokhlebkin V. V. / Похлёбкин В. В. (2007). The history of vodka / История водки. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraph / Центрполиграф. p. 272. ISBN 5-9524-1895-3.
- ↑ Jacobi's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Poyer, Joe. The AK-47 and AK-74 Kalashnikov Rifles and Their Variations. North Cape Publications. 2004.
- ↑ Kuznetsov, G.I.OKB Kamov. 50 years
- ↑ "Pyotr Kapitsa - Biographical". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Karpechenko, G.D., Polyploid hybrids of Raphanus sativus X Brassica oleracea L., Bull. Appl. Bot. 17:305–408 (1927)
- ↑ Biotechnomogy timeline at bio.org
- ↑ "Kaspersky Personal & Family Security Software". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Derela, Michal. "Citroën-Kegresse halftracks in Polish service". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Creation of Sambo – by Michail Lukashev, first published in Physical Culture and Sport magazine N9-10/91.(Russian)
- ↑ Khrenov's biography (Russian)
- ↑ "Kibalchich". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ School Encyclopedia Russica (Russian)
- ↑ George Parada (n.d.), "Panzerkampfwagen T-34(r)" at Achtung Panzer! website, retrieved on 17 November 2008.
- ↑ Ognjeslav Kostović – čovek koji je živeo u budućnosti (Serbian) Archived 13 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Manojlo srpski Ikar (Serbian)
- ↑ Parachuting – who invented the first parachute (Russian)
- ↑ Russian parachute of Kotelnikov (Russian)
- ↑ Samokatka of Kulibin (Russian)
- 1 2 Коляски Шамшуренкова и самокатка Кулибина / The carriages of Shamshurenkov and samokatka of Kulibin (Russian)
- ↑ "Trident › Mobile-Friendly Social Network Software Platform". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Rzhosnitsky B. N. Dmitry Aleksandrovich Lachinov. Moscow-Leningrad: Gosenergoizdat, 1955 / Ржонсницкий Б. Н. Дмитрий Александрович Лачинов. — М.—Л.: Госэнергоиздат, 1955 (Russian)
- 1 2 3 4 "Site Disabled - FreeServers". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Самовары Лисицыных / Samovars of Lisitsyns at the site of Sloboda, a Tula-based newspaper (Russian)
- ↑ "early helicopter technology". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Heywood, Anthony, Modernising Lenin's Russia: Economic Reconstruction, Foreign Trade, and the Railways, 1917–1924, p. 209. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-521-62178-X
- ↑ Loran and the fire extinguisher at p-lab.org (Russian)
- ↑ "Lozino-Lozinskiy". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Lozino-Lozinskiy's biography at Encyclopedia Astronautica
- ↑ Lyulka's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Hu Q, Noll RJ, Li H, Makarov A, Hardman M, Graham Cooks R (2005). "The Orbitrap: a new mass spectrometer". Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS. 40 (4): 430–443. doi:10.1002/jms.856. PMID 15838939.
- ↑ Malyutin's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Mamyrin, B. A.; Karataev, V. I.; Shmikk, D. V.; Zagulin, V. A. The mass-reflectron, a new nonmagnetic time-of-flight mass spectrometer with high resolution Sov. Phys. JETP, 1973, 37, 45
- ↑ The short history of naval science (Russian)
- ↑ Mikulin's biography at The Heroes of the Country (Russian)
- ↑ Morozov's biography at the Heroes of the country (Russian)
- ↑ Halberstadt, Hans Inside the Great Tanks The Crowood Press Ltd. Wiltshire, England 1997 94–96 ISBN 1-86126-270-1
"The T-54/T-55 series is the hands down, all-time most popular tank in history." - ↑ Slobodskoy, Archpriest Seraphim (1996), "Bells and Russian Orthodox Peals", The Law of God, Jordanville, N.Y.: Holy Trinity Monastery, p. 624, ISBN 0-88465-044-8
- ↑ The history of welding (Russian)
- ↑ Nadiradze's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Nartov Andrey Konstantinovich (Russian)
- ↑ Nartov's biography at hronos.km.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Nartov's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Sergei Pavlovich Nepobedimiy at astronautix.com
- ↑ Tolf, Robert W. (1976). "4: The World's First Oil Tankers". The Russian Rockefellers: The Saga of the Nobel Family and the Russian Oil Industry. Hoover Press. ISBN 0-8179-6581-5.
- ↑ Sample, Ian (5 October 2010). "Nobel prize for physics goes to Manchester University scientists". The Guardian. London.
- ↑ 4 maart 2009. "Tetris 1985 History of Games part 07". YouTube. Retrieved 2009-11-20.
- ↑ Pavlov and, I. P. (1927/1960). Conditional Reflexes. New York: Dover Publications (the 1960 edition is an unaltered republication of the 1927 translation by Oxford University Press http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Pavlov/).
- ↑ Petrov Vasily Vladimirovich at weldworld.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Kirza (Russian)
- ↑ Chief designer of the T-80 tank dies (Russian)
- ↑ "Site Disabled - FreeServers". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ "Леонид Константинович Рамзин Leonid Konstantinovich Ramzin". Leonid. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
- ↑ The history of Russian ruble and kopeck at the law-theory.ru (Russian)
- ↑ "Oldest International Yacht Clubs". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Monarchs can be good at anything (Russian)
- ↑ Lin, Patricia. Ida Kaganovich Rosenthal
- ↑ Maidenform Inc., company website, company history section. Retrieved June 2004 from http://www.maidenform.com/custserv/custserv.jsp?sectionId=33
- ↑ "Maidenform, Inc. – Company History". Fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
- ↑ "History of the Cathode Ray Tube". About.com. Retrieved 2009-10-04.
- ↑ The beginnings of a blue screen (Russian)
- ↑ Interview with Roshal (Russian)
- ↑ A History of Mechanical Fan (Russian)
- ↑ "family San Galli: a European success". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ The hot boxes of San Galli (Russian)
- ↑ Virtual Museum of Information technology (Russian)
- ↑ Severin, Guy Ilich at the Russian Academy of Sciences website (Russian)
- ↑ Leonty Luk'yanovich Shamshurenkov (Russian)
- ↑ "Wolseley Register - The Club for Wolseley Car Owners and Enthusiasts". Retrieved 23 October 2016.
- ↑ Vladimir Grigorievich Shukhov's biography at Shukhov Tower Foundation site.
- ↑ SPP-1 (Russian)
- ↑ Modern weapons of underwater fighters (Russian)
- ↑ Slavyanov's biography (Russian)
- ↑ The Day of Granenyi Stakan at hronograf.narod.ru (Russian)
- ↑ An illustrated biography of Starevich (Spanish)
- ↑ Entomology and Animation: A Portrait of an Early Master Ladislaw Starewicz (May 2000 6-page article from Animation World Magazine)
- ↑ Stechkin's biography at The Heroes of the Country (Russian)
- ↑ Utkin's biography at the Heroes of the Country site (Russian)
- ↑ Who and when invented synchrophasotron? (Russian)
- ↑ Russian Fortresses, 1480–1682, Osprey Publishing, ISBN 1-84176-916-9
- ↑ Shamov V.N. The transfusion of stored cadaver blood Lancet 1937; 2, August 7:306–309
- ↑ Gareth R. Eaton; et al. (1998). Foundations of modern EPR. World Scientific. pp. 45–46. ISBN 981-02-3295-0. Retrieved 2010-09-30.
- ↑ Zhukovsky's biography (Russian)
- ↑ Vasily Zvyozdochkin – the farther of Russian Matryoshka (Russian)
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