Spirorchiidae

Spirorchiidae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Platyhelminthes
Class:	Trematoda
Subclass:	Digenea
Order:	Strigeidida
Suborder:	Strigeata
Superfamily:	Schistosomatoidea
Family:	Spirorchiidae Rao, 1933

Spirorchiidae is a family of digenetic trematodes. Infestation by these trematodes leads to the disease state commonly called spirorchiidiosis. Spirorchiids are parasites of turtles.^[1]

Genera

Genera in the family Spirorchiidae include:

• Amphiorchis
  • Amphiorchis solus
• Hapalotrema
  • Hapalotrema postorchis
• Learedius
  • Learedius learedi Price, 1934
• Monticellius
  • Monticellius indicum Mehra, 1939
• Neospirorchis
  • Neospirorchis schistosomatoides Price, 1934
• Spirhapalum
  • Spirhapalum siamensis Tkach, Snyder & Vaughan, 2009^[2]
• Spirorchis
  • Spirorchis scripta Stunkard, 1923

Hosts

Some species of spirochiids are parasites of the freshwater snail Indoplanorbis exustus.^[3]

The cardiovascular parasites Learedius learedi, Hapalotrema postorchis, Monticellius indicum and Amphiorchis solus have been found in the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas).^[4]

Spirhapalum siamensis is a parasite found in the heart of the Amboina box turtle (Cuora amboinensis).^[2]

References

1. Snyder, S. D. (2004). Phylogeny and paraphyly among tetrapod blood flukes (Digenea: Schistosomatidae and Spirorchiidae). International Journal for Parasitology 34(12), 1385-92.
2. Tkach, V. V.; Snyder, S. D.; Vaughan, J. A. (2009). "A New Species of Blood Fluke (Digenea: Spirorchiidae) from the Malayan Box Turtle, Cuora amboinensis (Cryptodira: Geomydidae) in Thailand". Journal of Parasitology. 95 (3): 743–746. doi:10.1645/GE-1858.1. PMID 19093710..
3. Liu, L.; Mondal, M. M.; Idris, M. A.; Lokman, H. S.; Rajapakse, P. V. J.; Satrija, F.; Diaz, J. L.; Upatham, E. S.; Attwood, S. W. (2010). "The phylogeography of Indoplanorbis exustus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Asia". Parasites & Vectors. 3: 57. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-3-57..
4. Santoro, M.; Morales, J. A.; Rodríguez-Ortíz, B. (2007). "Spirorchiidiosis (Digenea: Spirorchiidae) and lesions associated with parasites in Caribbean green turtles (Chelonia mydas)". The Veterinary record. 161 (14): 482–486. PMID 17921440..