Star of India (ship)

Star of India docked in San Diego
History
United Kingdom
Name:
  • Euterpe (1863–1906)
  • Star of India (1906–)
Builder: Gibson, McDonald & Arnold
Launched: 14 November 1863
In service: 1906
Fate: Sold to the United States
History
United States
Acquired: 1906
Fate: Museum ship
General characteristics
Tonnage:
  • 1197 tons gross, 1107 tons under deck (Euterpe)
  • 1318 tons gross, 1247 tons net (Star of India)
Length:
  • 62.5 m (205 ft) LWL
  • 84.8 m (278 ft) sparred length
Beam: 10.7 m (35 ft)
Height:
  • To weather rail:
  • 7.1 m (23 ft) (full-rigged)
  • 6.5 m (21 ft) (barque rigged)
  • Deck to top of mast:38.8 m (127 ft)
Draft: 6.6 m (22 ft) (fully loaded)
Sail plan:
Star of India

Euterpe at Port Chalmers, the port of Dunedin, in 1883
Location San Diego Embarcadero, San Diego, California
Coordinates 32°43′13.5″N 117°10′24.7″W / 32.720417°N 117.173528°W / 32.720417; -117.173528Coordinates: 32°43′13.5″N 117°10′24.7″W / 32.720417°N 117.173528°W / 32.720417; -117.173528
Built 1863[2]
Architectural style Three-masted bark
NRHP Reference # 66000223[3]
CHISL # 1030[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHP 13 November 1966
Designated NHL 13 November 1966[2]

Star of India was built in 1863 at Ramsey in the Isle of Man as Euterpe, a full-rigged iron windjammer ship. After a full career sailing from Great Britain to India and New Zealand, she became a salmon hauler on the Alaska to California route. Retired in 1926, she was not restored until 1962–63 and is now a seaworthy museum ship home-ported at the Maritime Museum of San Diego in San Diego, California. She is the oldest ship still sailing regularly and also the oldest iron-hulled merchant ship still floating.[4] The ship is both a California Historical Landmark and United States National Historic Landmark.[2][1][5]

History

As Euterpe

Named for Euterpe, the muse of music, she was a full-rigged ship (a ship that is square-rigged on all three masts), built of iron in 1863 by Gibson, McDonald & Arnold, of Ramsey, Isle of Man, for the Indian jute trade of Wakefield Nash & Company of Liverpool. She was launched on 14 November 1863, and assigned British Registration No.47617 and signal VPJK.

Euterpe's career had a rough beginning. She sailed for Calcutta from Liverpool on 9 January 1864, under the command of Captain William John Storry. A collision with an unlit Spanish brig off the coast of Wales carried away the jib-boom and damaged other rigging. The crew became mutinous, refusing to continue, and she returned to Anglesey to repair; 17 of the crew were confined to the Beaumaris Jail at hard labor. Then, in 1865, Euterpe was forced to cut away her masts in a gale in the Bay of Bengal off Madras and limped to Trincomalee and Calcutta for repair. Captain Storry died during the return voyage to England and was buried at sea.

After her near-disastrous first two voyages Euterpe was sold, first in 1871 to David Brown of London for whom she made four more relatively uneventful voyages to India, then again (displaced by steamers after the opening of the Suez Canal) in 1871 to Shaw, Savill and Company of London (which in 1882 became the Shaw, Savill & Albion Line). In late 1871 she began twenty-five years of carrying passengers and freight in the New Zealand emigrant trade, each voyage going eastward around the world before returning to England. The fastest of her 21 passages to New Zealand took 100 days, the longest 143 days. She also made ports of call in Australia, California, and Chile. A baby was born on one of those trips en route to New Zealand, and was given the middle name Euterpe. Another child, John William Philips Palmer, was born[6] on the 1873 journey to Dunedin, New Zealand, and was partially named after the captain Theo E. Philips[7] ("Born Lo 42.30 south La 0.30 west at 11 am Feb 21").

In 1897, after 21 round-the-world trips, Euterpe was sold, first to Hawaiian owners, then in 1899 to the Pacific Colonial Ship Company of San Francisco, California and from 1898 to 1901 made four voyages between the Pacific Northwest, Australia and Hawaii carrying primarily lumber, coal and sugar. She was registered in the United States on 30 October 1900.

As Star of India

Star of India docked in San Diego

In 1901, Euterpe was sold to the Alaska Packers' Association of San Francisco, who re-rigged her as a barque (converting the square-rigged aftermost mast to fore-and-aft) and in 1902 began carrying fishermen, cannery workers, coal and canning supplies each spring from Oakland, California to Nushagak in the Bering Sea, returning each fall with holds full of canned salmon. In 1906, the Association changed her name to be consistent with the rest of their fleet, and she became Star of India. She was laid up in 1923 after 22 Alaskan voyages; by that time, steam ruled the seas.

In 1926, Star of India was sold to the Zoological Society of San Diego, California, to be the centerpiece of a planned museum and aquarium. The Great Depression and World War II caused that plan to be canceled, and it was not until 1957 that restoration began. Alan Villiers, a windjammer captain and author, came to San Diego on a lecture tour. Seeing Star of India decaying in the harbor, he publicized the situation and inspired a group of citizens to form the "Star of India Auxiliary" in 1959 to support the restoration of the ship. Progress was still slow, but in 1976, Star of India finally put to sea again. She houses exhibits for the Maritime Museum of San Diego, is kept fully seaworthy, and sails at least once a year. With the many other ships now in the Museum, she hosts frequent docent-led school tours for over 6,000 children a year, as well as a Living History Program in which students "step back in time" and are immersed in history and teamwork activities during overnight visits.

The 1863 Star of India is the fourth oldest ship afloat in the United States, after the 1797 USS Constitution, the 1841 Charles W. Morgan, and 1854 USS Constellation, and is the second oldest ship in the world that still sails regularly. Unlike many preserved or restored vessels, her hull, cabins and equipment are nearly 100% original.

Home port

Star of India is home-ported at the San Diego Maritime Museum, just south of Lindbergh Field (San Diego International Airport), on the west side of North Harbor Drive at approximately Ash Street – all within the Port of San Diego tidelands. This location is slightly west of downtown San Diego, California. The other ships belonging to the Maritime Museum are always docked to the north of Star of India. Her nearest neighbor – since 2007 – is HMS Surprise (a.k.a. HMS Rose), a replica of a British frigate.

When she sails, Star of India often remains within sight of the coast of San Diego County, and usually returns to her dock within a day. She is sailed by a skilled volunteer crew of Maritime Museum members, who train all year. She has become one of the landmark ships in San Diego's Harbor.

In August – September 2009, Star of India was removed from display to a local drydock facility for a required Coast Guard inspection and various maintenance below the waterline, at a cost of approximately $225,000, and 3–4 weeks off display.

Appearances in media

The Star of India has appeared in episodes of:

References

  1. 1 2 3 "California Historical Landmark: San Diego County". Office of Historic Preservation. California State Parks. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
  2. 1 2 3 "Star of India (Bark)". National Historic Landmark Landmarks Program. National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-03-20.
  3. ↑ National Park Service (2007-01-23). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  4. ↑ "Step aboard the world's oldest active sailing ship". Maritime Museum of San Diego. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
  5. ↑ Snell, Charles (1965). "National Register of Historic Places - Inventory Nomination Form / Star of India" (pdf). National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-05-20. and
    "Accompanying Photos" (pdf). National Park Service. 1965. Retrieved 2012-05-20.
  6. ↑ Otago Witness , Issue 1115, 12 April 1873, Page 12, http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
  7. ↑ "The "Euterpe" - New Zealand Voyages.". freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
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