Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani

al-Shaykh
Abū Kamāl al-Dīn Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrāhim bin Mustafā bin Ismā'īl bin Yūsuf al-Nab'hāni
محمد تقي الدين بن إبراهيم بن مصطفى بن إسماعيل بن يوسف النبهاني

al-Imām al-Shaykh Abū Kamāl al-Dīn Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrāhīm bin Mustafā bin Ismā'īl bin Yūsuf al-Nab'hāni
Founder and 1st Leader of Hizb ut-Tahrir
In office
1953 - December 11, 1977
Preceded by Position Established
Succeeded by Shaykh Abdul Qadeem Zallum
Qadi of Haifa
In office
1938-1948
Title al-Imam, al-Shaykh, al-Nabhani, Abu Kamal al-Din
Born Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrahim bin Mustafa bin Ismail bin Yusuf al-Nabhani
1914 [1] (Some sources quote it to be 1909)
Ijzim, Haifa, Ottoman Palestine
Died December 11, 1977 (aged 63)
Beirut, Lebanon[2]
Cause of death Cardiac arrest
Resting place al-Auza’i Cemetery
Nationality
Citizenship
Ethnicity Arab
Era Modern era
Region Middle East
Occupation
Religion Islam
Denomination Sunni Islam
Jurisprudence Shafi'i
Creed Ashari
Movement
Political Party
Main interest(s)
Notable idea(s)
Notable work(s)
Alma mater
Teachers
Sufi order Shadhili
Disciple of Imam Yusuf al-Nabhani

Arabic name

Personal
(Ism)		 Muhammad
محمد
Patronymic
(Nasab)		 ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Mustafā
بن إبراهيم بن مصطفى
Teknonymic
(Kunya)		 Abu Kamāl al-Dīn
Arabic-script kunya
Epithet
(Laqab)		 Taqī al-Dīn
تقي الدين
Toponymic
(Nisba)		 al-Nabhānī
النبهاني
Birth name Taqī al-Dīn
Other names Other name/left empty/none
Children Shaykh Kamal al-Din al-Nabhani
Parent(s) Shaykh Ibrahim bin Mustafa al-Nabhani
Relatives Imam Yusuf al-Nabhani (maternal grandfather)

Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrahim bin Mustafah bin Ismail bin Yusuf al-Nabhani (1909 – December 11, 1977) was an Islamic scholar from Jerusalem[3] who founded the Islamist political party Hizb ut-Tahrir.

Biography

Al-Nabhani was born in 1909 in a village by the name of Ijzim near Haifa in northern Mandatory Palestine and belonged to Bani Nabhan tribe. His father was a lecturer in Sharia law and his mother was also an Islamic scholar.[4] al-Nabhani studied Sharia law at Al-Azhar University and the Dar-ul-Ulum college of Cairo. He graduated in 1931 and returned to Palestine. There he was first a teacher and then as a jurist, rising to Sharia judge in the court of appeal.[4] Disturbed by the creation of the state of Israel and the 1948 Arab–Israeli War and occupation of Palestine, he founded the Hizb ut-Tahrir party in 1953. The party was immediately banned in Jordan. Al-Nabhani was banned from returning to Jordan and settled in Beirut. He died on December 20, 1977.[4]

Political philosophy

Al-Nabhani proclaimed that the depressed political condition of Muslims in the contemporary world stemmed from the abolition of the Caliphate in 1924. Other causes of stagnation included the Ottoman Empire's closing of the doors of ijtihad, its failure to understand "the intellectual and legislative side of Islam", and neglect of the Arabic language.[5] In his most famous works, written in the early 1950s, al-Nabhani expressed a radical disillusionment with the secular powers that had failed to protect Palestinian nationalism.[6] He argued for a new caliphate that would be brought about by "peaceful politics and ideological subversion"[7] and eventually cover the world replacing all nation states. Its political and economic order would be founded on Islamic principles, not materialism that, in his view, was the outcome of capitalist economies.[6] al-Nabhani was critical of the way the Middle East had been carved up into nation states allied with various imperial powers.[6]

Influence

Hizb ut-Tahrir did not attract a large following in the countries where it was established. Despite this, al-Nabhani's works have become an important part of contemporary Islamist literature.[8]

References

  1. ↑ http://www.hizb-australia.org/2016/02/sheikh-muhammad-taqiuddin-al-nabhani/
  2. ↑ http://www.hizb-australia.org/2016/02/sheikh-muhammad-taqiuddin-al-nabhani/
  3. ↑ Umm Mustafa (28 February 2008). "Why I left Hizb ut-Tahrir". New Statesman. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 Marshall Cavendish Reference. Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World. Marshall Cavendish. p. 124. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  5. ↑ Flood,, Christopher; Miazhevich,, Galina; Hutchings,, Stephen; et al., eds. (2012). Political and Cultural Representations of Muslims: Islam in the Plural. BRILL. p. 29. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 Tripp (2010), p. 348.
  7. ↑ Ayoob, Mohammed (2008). The Many Faces of Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World. University of Michigan Press. p. 138. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  8. ↑ Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P.; Lecomte, G.; Bearman, P.J.; Bianquis, Th. (2000). Encyclopaedia of Islam (New Edition). Volume X (T-U). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 133. ISBN 9004112111.

Sources

  • Charles Tripp (2010). "West Asia from the First World Warr". In Francis Robinson. The New Cambridge History of Islam: Volume 5 - The Islamic World in the Age of Western Dominance. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29135-4. 
  • "Title?", Al-Waie magazine (Arabic) (234-235), August–September 2006 
  • Biography (dead link) 
Further reading
  • al-Nabhani, Taqi al-Din (2002), The System of Islam Nidham al-Islam, London: al-Khilafah Publications 
  • al-Nabhani, Taqi al-Din (2004), Thought al-Tafkeer, London: al-Khilafah Publications 
  • al-Nabhani, Taqi al-Din (2005), Islamic Personality al-Shaksiyyah al-Islamiyyah, London: al-Khilafah Publications 
  • Hizb ut Tahrir Website 
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