Thomas Starzl

Thomas Starzl
Born Thomas Earl Starzl
(1926-03-11) March 11, 1926
Le Mars, Iowa, U.S.
Residence Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Fields Transplatation surgery,
Immunology
Institutions University of Pittsburgh
Alma mater BA, Westminster College, 1947
MD, Northwestern University, 1952
PhD, Northwestern University, 1952
Known for Performed the first human liver transplant in 1963
Developed the clinical applications of cyclosporin
Contributed to the field of immunosuppression

Thomas Earl Starzl (born March 11, 1926) is an American physician, researcher, and is an expert on organ transplants. He performed the first human liver transplants, and has often been referred to as "the father of modern transplantation."[1]

Life

Early years

Starzl was born on March 11, 1926, in Le Mars, Iowa, the son of newspaper editor and science fiction writer Roman Frederick Starzl and Anna Laura Fitzgerald who was a teacher and a nurse. He is the second of four siblings.[2] Originally intending to become a priest in his teenage years, Starzl's plans changed drastically when his mother died from breast cancer in 1947.[2]

Education

He attended Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in biology. Starzl attended Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago, where in 1950 he received a Master of Science degree in anatomy and in 1952 earned both a Ph.D. in neurophysiology and an M.D. with distinction.[3] While attending medical school, he established a long friendship with Professor Loyal Davis, MD a neurosurgeon.[2]

Starzl spent an extra year at medical school, using the additional time to complete a doctorate in neurophysiology, in 1952. He wrote a seminal paper describing a technique to record the electrical responses of deep brain structures to sensory stimuli such as a flash of light or a loud sound. The paper is still cited today.

After obtaining his medical degree, Starzl trained in surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore and Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami. At both places, he conducted lab and animal research, showing a keen interest in liver biology.

Career

Starzl was a surgeon and researcher in the then nascent field of organ transplantation at the University of Colorado from 1962 until his move to the University of Pittsburgh in 1981, where he has remained since. He made an exceptional mark on the medical community creating new surgical techniques. He reportedly worked up to three days straight on organ transplantation procedures as he was the only one who could perform them.

The Institute for Scientific Information released information in 1999 that documented that his work had been cited more than any other researcher in the world. Between 1981 and June 1998, he was cited 26,456 times.[2]

His autobiographical memoir, The Puzzle People, was named by The Wall Street Journal as the third best book on doctors' lives.[4]

Starzl's most notable accomplishments include:

Awards and honors

Thomas E. Starzl Way on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh
Entrance to the Thomas Starzl Biomedical Research Tower at the University of Pittsburgh.

Starzl was named one of the most important people of the Millennium, ranking No. 213, according to the authors of "1,000 Years, 1,000 People: Ranking the Men and Women Who Shaped the Millennium " (Kodansha America, 332 pp.)

Starzl has also received honorary degrees from 26 universities in the United States and abroad, which include 12 in Science, 11 in Medicine, 2 in Humane Letters, and 1 in Law.

In 2006, at a celebration for his 80th birthday, the University of Pittsburgh renamed one of its newest medical research buildings the Thomas E. Starzl Biomedical Science Tower in recognition of his achievements and contributions to the field.[20] On October 15, 2007, the Western Pennsylvania American Liver Foundation and the City of Pittsburgh honored Starzl by dedicating Lothrop Street, near his office and the biomedical research tower bearing his name, as "Thomas E. Starzl Way".[21]

Retirement

Retired from clinical and surgical service since 1991, Dr. Starzl now devotes his time to research endeavors and remains active as professor of surgery at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center’s (UPMC) program named in his honor: the Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute. Since his “retirement,” he has earned the additional distinctions of being one of the most prolific scientists in the world as well as the most cited scientist in the field of clinical medicine.[22]


See also

References

  1. 1 2 Cronin, Mike (2010-01-29). "Starzl, Tribune-Review reporters claim Carnegie Science Awards". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. Retrieved 2010-01-29.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Pioneer without peer: In May 1999, the Institute for Scientific Information announced that Starzl's work had been cited more than that of any other researcher in the world -- 26,456 times between 1981 and June 1998, or about 4,000 more times than the next-ranked researcher., publisher=Pittsburgh Post Gazette |first=Anita| last=Srikameswaran| date= June 11, 2000| accessdate: September 11, 2015
  3. ↑ Starzl, Thomas (1992). The Puzzle People: Memoirs of a Transplant Surgeon. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 0-8229-3714-X.
  4. ↑ Verghese, Abraham (2010-07-10). "Five Best". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2010-07-31.
  5. ↑ Milestones in Organ Transplantation National Kidney Foundation
  6. ↑ Starzl TE, Klintmalm GB, Porter KA, Iwatsuki S, Schröter GP (1981). "Liver transplantation with use of cyclosporin a and prednisone". N. Engl. J. Med. 305 (5): 266–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM198107303050507. PMC 2772056Freely accessible. PMID 7017414.
  7. ↑ New York Times. February 20, 1990. New Liver for Stormie Jones. Retrieved on July 2, 2007.
  8. ↑ https://www.amphilsoc.org/prizes/franklinscience
  9. ↑ http://www.news-medical.net/news/20150626/University-of-Pittsburgh-surgeon-receives-Anthony-Cerami-Award-in-Translational-Medicine.aspx
  10. ↑ http://www.hepb.org/news/release_3_18_2014.html
  11. ↑ Roth, Mark (2012-09-10). "Pioneering Pitt transplant surgeon Starzl receives Lasker Award". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 2015-09-11.
  12. ↑ Roth, Mark (2009-10-12). "Starzl receives national award". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Pittsburgh, PA. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
  13. ↑ Associated Press, Transplant pioneer Starzl to receive award, 2009-03-18, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, accessdate=2009-03-18
  14. ↑ Reston, Maeve (February 14, 2006). "President gives Starl highest prize". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
  15. ↑ Anderson, Maria W. (2004-11-25). "2004 John Scott Awards - Thomas Starzl and Barry Trost recognized in awards that aim to reward contributions to mankind". The Scientist. Philadelphia, PA. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
  16. ↑ http://kfip.org/professor-thomas-starzl/
  17. ↑ http://www.tts.org/?option=com_content&view=article&id=17&Itemid=24
  18. ↑ "Thomas Starzl Interview with Academy of Achievement". Retrieved 2014-06-02.
  19. ↑ "David M. Hume Memorial Award". National Kidney Foundation Web site. National Kidney Foundation. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
  20. ↑ Srikameswaran, Anita (March 11, 2006). "Pitt names tower after transplant pioneer". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
  21. ↑ Enconomides, Nadia; Lothrop Street dedicated to Dr. Starzl; The Pitt News; 2007-10-16; accessdate=2008-08-21
  22. ↑ University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
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