Timeline of Dakar

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Dakar, Senegal.

Prior to 20th century

• 1857
  • Gorée merchants settle in Dakar.
  • French build fort on Dakar Point.^[1]
• 1863 - Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Senegambia established.^[2]
• 1872 - Town becomes part of the commune of Gorée.^[3]
• 1885 - Rue Blanchot mosque built (approximate date).^[4]
• 1887
  • Dakar commune formed.^[5]
  • Jean Alexandre becomes mayor.^[3]
• 1888 - Dakar–Saint-Louis railway begins operating.^[5]
• 1891 - Population: 8,737.^[3]

20th century

• 1902 - Dakar becomes capital of French West Africa.^[6][7]
• 1903 - Hann Park created.^[8]
• 1904 - Population: 18,447.^[5]
• 1905 - Brest-Dakar telegraph in operation.^[5]
• 1907
  • Government Palace built.
  • L'A.O.F. newspaper begins publication.^[9]
• 1908 - Harbor constructed.^[5]
• 1913
  • Democratie du Senegal newspaper begins publication.^[9]
  • National Archives of Senegal formed.^[10]
• 1914
  • Train station opens.^[3]
  • Bubonic plague epidemic.^[11]
• 1918 - French West Africa School of Medicine established.^[12]
• 1920 - Blaise Diagne becomes mayor.^[3]
• 1921 - Population: 32,440.^[3]
• 1924 - Dakar–Niger Railway begins operating.
• 1926 - Population: 33,679.^[3]
• 1929
  • Gorée annexed to Dakar.^[3]
  • Société des brasseries de l'Ouest africain formed.
• 1933
  • Paris-Dakar newspaper begins publication.
  • Foyer France Sénégal football club formed.
• 1934 - Armand-Pierre Angrand becomes mayor.
• 1936 - Catholic Cathédrale du Souvenir africain de Dakar built.^[13]
• 1938 - Institut Français d’Afrique Noire^[14] and museum founded.
• 1940 - Battle of Dakar.
• 1940s - Mama Casset photo studio in business.^[15]
• 1944 - Thiaroye Massacre.
• 1950 - Cours Sainte Marie de Hann founded.
• 1957 - University of Dakar established.
• 1959
  • City becomes capital of Mali Federation.
  • French Cultural Centre created.
• 1960 - École de Dakar (art) movement active.^[16]
• 1961 - Dakar-Matin newspaper begins publication.
• 1962 - House of Slaves (Gorée) museum opens.
• 1963 - December: Political demonstration; crackdown.^[6]
• 1964 - Dakar Grand Mosque built.
• 1966
  • Daniel Sorano Theatre opens (approximate date).^[17]
  • Amity Stadium opens (approximate date).^[17]
  • World Festival of Black Arts held.^[18][19]
• 1970
  • Le Soleil newspaper begins publication.
  • Club Baobab opens.^[20]
• 1972 - Enda Third World and Centre Culturel Régional Blaise Senghor^[21] established.
• 1973 - Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa headquartered in Dakar.
• 1974 - Laboratoire Agit'Art (art group) formed.^[16]
• 1975 - Association Nationale des Bibliothécaires, Archivistes et Documentalistes Senegalais headquartered in city.^[14]
• 1978 - Dakar Rally motor vehicle race begins.
• 1984
  • Mamadou Diop becomes mayor.
  • WalFadjri newspaper begins publication.
• 1989
  • Musée historique du Sénégal à Gorée opens.
  • Ethnic violence.^[22]
• 1990
  • Dakar Biennale begins.
  • Public library established.^[14]
  • Population: 1,405,000 (urban agglomeration).^[23]
• 1993 - Sud Quotidien begins publication.
• 1994
  • Henriette-Bathily Women's Museum opens.^[14]
  • Kermel market burns down.
• 1995 - Population: 1,688,000 (urban agglomeration).^[23]
• 1996
  • Municipal administration divided into 19 communes d'arrondissement.
  • City becomes part of Dakar Department, Dakar Region.
  • Musée des Forces Armées Senegalaise established.^[14]
• 1997
  • Media Centre de Dakar in operation.^[24]
  • Mosquée de la Divinité built.
• 1998 - Doole community exchange system established.^[25]
• 1999 - Festival international du film de quartier de Dakar begins.

21st century

• 2000 - Population: 2,029,000 (urban agglomeration).^[23]
• 2001 - Student protests.^[26]
• 2002 - Pape Diop becomes mayor.
• 2003
  • Le Quotidien newspaper begins publication.
  • West Africa Democracy Radio begins broadcasting.
• 2005 - Population: 2,434,000 (urban agglomeration),^[23] 1,030,594 (city).
• 2006 - City hosts African Swimming Championships.
• 2007 - June: Economic protest.^[27]
• 2008 - Raw Material Company (art space) founded.^[28]
• 2009
  • City website online (approximate date).^[29]
  • Khalifa Sall becomes mayor.
• 2010 - African Renaissance Monument dedicated.^[30]
• 2011
  • City hosts World Social Forum and ICANN conference.^[31]
  • Google office in business.^[32]
  • Population: 3,035,000.^[33]
• 2013
  • June: U.S. President Obama visits city.^[34]
  • Air pollution in Dakar reaches annual mean of 34 PM2.5 and 141 PM10, much higher than recommended.^[35]
• 2014 - Statue of Léopold Sédar Senghor installed.

See also

• Timeline of Senegal

References

1. Derwent Whittlesey (1941). "Dakar and the Other Cape Verde Settlements". Geographical Review. American Geographical Society. 31 (4). JSTOR 210502.
2. "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Senegal". www.katolsk.no. Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 September 2014.
3. Historique de la ville (in French), Ville de Dakar, retrieved 30 August 2015
4. Cleo Cantone (2006). "A Mosque in a Mosque: Some Observations on the Rue Blanchot Mosque in Dakar & Its Relationto Other Mosques in the Colonial Period". Cahiers d'Études Africaines. 46 (182). JSTOR 4393580.
5. "Dakar", The Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1910, OCLC 14782424
6. "Senegal". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 0203409957.
7. Muriel E. Chamberlain (1998). "Chronology of Decolonisation: the French Empire: French West Africa". Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-89744-6.
8. "Garden Search: Senegal". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
9. G. Wesley Johnson (1971), The emergence of Black politics in Senegal, Stanford, Calif.: Published for the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace, by Stanford University Press, ISBN 0804707839, 0804707839
10. "Les Archives Nationales du Sénégal". Retrieved 15 August 2012.
11. Raymond F. Betts (April 1971). "The Establishment of the Medina in Dakar, Senegal, 1914". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. 41: 143–152. doi:10.2307/1159424. JSTOR 1159424.
12. "Medical School for French West Africa". Journal of the American Medical Association. Chicago, USA. 71 (14): 1155. 5 October 1918. doi:10.1001/jama.1918.02600400052018.
13. Elizabeth A. Foster (2009). "An Ambiguous Monument: Dakar's Colonial Cathedral of the Souvenir Africain". French Historical Studies. 32 (1): 85–119. doi:10.1215/00161071-2008-014.
14. Bernard Dione; Dieyi Diouf (2010), "Senegal: Libraries, Archives and Museums", in Marcia J. Bates, Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
15. Kevin Mulhearn (2006). "Photography in Africa: Central and West". In Lynne Warren. Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Photography. Routledge. p. 27+. ISBN 978-1-135-20536-2.
16. Glossary of art terms, UK: Tate, retrieved 30 August 2015
17. "Festival Time in Dakar". Negro Digest. April 1966. Retrieved August 15, 2012.
18. Hoyt W. Fuller (July 1966). "World Festival of Negro Arts". Ebony. Chicago, USA.
19. "Western and Central Sudan, 1900 A.D.–present: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
20. S. Sherwood (3 December 2009). "The Songs of Senegal". New York Times. Retrieved August 15, 2012.
21. "Centre Culturel Régional Blaise Senghor" (in French). Ministere de la culture du Senegal. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
22. Fiona McLaughlin (2001). "Dakar Wolof and the Configuration of an Urban Identity". Journal of African Cultural Studies. 14 (2).
23. "The State of African Cities 2010: Governance, Inequalities and Urban Land Markets". United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2010.
24. "Média Centre de Dakar: L'ambition de faire renaître le cinéma africain". Observatoire sur les Systèmes d'information. 10 December 2004. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
25. Stephen Demeulenaere (Summer 2001). "On the Doole". Alternatives Journal (27.3).
26. "Student Killed in Senegal Protest". Chronicle of Higher Education (47.24). 23 February 2001.
27. Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2008). "Senegal". Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2007. 4. Koninklijke Brill. ISBN 9789004168053.
28. "Senegal". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
29. "Ville de Dakar". Archived from the original on October 2009 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
30. "Statuesque or grotesque?". The Economist. February 25, 2010.
31. "ICANN Dakar Senegal No.42: 23-28 October 2011". ICANN. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
32. "Corporate Information: Google Offices". Google Inc. Archived from the original on 29 May 2011.
33. "The State of African Cities 2014". United Nations Human Settlements Programme. ISBN 978-92-1-132598-0.
34. "Première nuit de Obama au Sénégal". Le Quotidien (in French). Dakar. 27 June 2013.
35. World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Geneva

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.

Further reading

• Ch. Brossard, ed. (1906). "Afrique occidentale française: Senegal: Description des villes: Dakar". Colonies françaises. Géographie pittoresque et monumentale de la France (in French). Paris: Flammarion. (+ table of contents)
• M. Diouf. (1999). "Urban youth and Senegalese politics: Dakar 1988-1994", In J. Holston, ed., Cities and Citizenship. Durham, NC: Duke University Press
• Dickson Eyoh and Paul Tiyambe Zeleza, ed. (2003). "Dakar". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
• Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ed. (2005). "Dakar". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
• Mamadou Diouf (2008). "(Re)Imagining an African city: performing culture, arts, and citizenship in Dakar (Senegal), 1980-2000". In Gyan Prakash and Kevin Michael Kruse. Spaces of the Modern City: Imaginaries, Politics, and Everyday Life. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-13343-3.
• "Histoire". Dakar. Le Petit Futé (in French). 2011.
• Simon Bekker and Goran Therborn, ed. (2011), "Dakar", Capital Cities in Africa: Power and Powerlessness, Dakar: Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa, ISBN 978-2- 8697-8495-6
• Profile of Crime Markets in Dakar, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2014 – via International Relations and Security Network
• Daniel Castillo Hidalgo (2014). "Port of Dakar: Technological Evolution, Management and Commercial Activity". In Miguel Bosa Suirez. Atlantic Ports and the First Globalisation C. 1850-1930. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-32798-7.

External links

• "(Articles related to Dakar)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Dakar, various dates
• "(Items related to Dakar)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library.