Trolleybuses in Salzburg

Salzburg trolleybus system

A Solaris Cegelec Trollino 18 in Salzburg, 2012.
Operation
Locale Salzburg, Austria
Open 1940 (1940)
Status Open
Routes 11 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14)
Owner(s) Salzburg AG
Operator(s) Salzburg AG
Infrastructure
Electrification 600 V DC
Depot(s) 1
Stock 136 articulated trolleybuses
Statistics
Route length 146.45 km (91.00 mi)
Overview
Salzburg trolleybus system map, 2010.
Website Salzburg AG (German)

The Salzburg trolleybus system forms part of the public transport network serving Salzburg, capital of the federal state of Salzburg in Austria. Opened on 1 October 1940, it replaced the Salzburg tramway network.

One of only two such systems currently operating in Austria, the Salzburg trolleybus system is one of the largest trolleybus systems in western Europe. It presently carries 41 million passengers each year.[1]

Together with the Salzburger Lokalbahn, the system is currently operated by Salzburg AG, which markets it under the name StadtBus Salzburg. It is also integrated into the Salzburger Verkehrsverbund. Along with the Salzburg S-Bahn, it forms the backbone of the Salzburg's public transport network; the city's diesel bus network, operated by Albus Salzburg, plays only a minor role.

History

On 1 October 1940, the first trolleybus ran through the streets of Salzburg, on the Siegmundsplatz–Maxglan route, which is now part of line 1. A few days later, on 24 October 1940, the extension to Makartplatz followed, and on 10 November 1940, the line was further extended, to Salzburg Hauptbahnhof. On 16 February 1942, the ring lines M and L (Maxglan–Lehen–Hauptbahnhof–Zentrum–Maxglan) came into operation. In the following years, the Salzburg trolleybus system recorded rapid growth, but the tramway network was destroyed.

System map, 1993.
System map, 1995.

Until the merger in 2000 of the Salzburger Stadtwerke with the SAFE (Salzburger AG für Energiewirtschaft) to create the Salzburg AG, the Salzburg trolleybus system, and the local railway line to Lamprechtshausen, were operated by the Salzburger Stadtwerke - Verkehrsbetriebe. Some diesel bus lines also originally belonged to the company, but in the course of the 2000 merger these were transferred to Albus Salzburg.

Since 2000, therefore, the trolleybus and diesel bus services have been fully separated, both organisationally and operationally. It follows that Salzburg AG is one of the few transport companies worldwide that operates trolleybus lines, but no diesel bus lines.

In 2004, trolleybus line 1 was extended about 500 m (1,600 ft) from Messezentrum to Salzburgarena. Unusually, however, the new terminal was served only during events. At other times, power to the overhead lines in this area is switched off; the status of the overhead lines is displayed to the trolleybus drivers by means of a signal light.

On 1 October 2005, line 1 was extended from Europark to Kavaliershaus, via the EM-Stadion. On 11 December 2005, the extension of line 2 came into operation from the Hauptbahnhof to Obergnigl via Mirabellplatz and the Sterneckstraße.

A non-revenue section of overhead line from the Versorgungshausstraße (line 2) via the Fürbergstraße to the Fadingerstraße was built in the spring of 2006. Especially during events in the city centre, and during the UCI Road World Championships 2006, it has been used intensively. Since then, the trolleybuses of lines 2 and 4 have operated on and off over this route. This section was the basis for the later electrification of the former Albus line 20.

Also, until September 2006 the Gaswerkgasse / Ignaz-Harrer-Strasse intersection, and the Hauptbahnhof area around the Forum-Kaufhaus/Fanny-von-Lehnert-Straße, were provided with additional turning and reversing capabilities. Likewise, since the spring of 2007 a non-revenue section has been in operation from the Landeskrankenhaus (line 7) to Willibald-Hauthaler-Straße (Line 4), and an additional turning space has been provided at the Makartplatz, in front of the Holy Trinity Church. A new turning facility on the Aiglhofkreuzung from line 4 to line 2 was created in spring 2008, as well as a dedicated lane for trolleybuses in the Griesgasse in the city centre. The latter allows the stacking-and-demand retrieval of trolleybuses in the city centre for events. With the timetable change on 7 December 2007, line 4 was extended from Langwied over the city boundary to Mayrwies, replacing bus line 4A.

In autumn 2008, the Salzburg Municipal Council decided to electrify the branch of bus line 20 to Sam / Lankessiedlung. The route follows that of line 20 from Lankessiedlung, via the Salzburg-Gnigl S-Bahn station, Fuggerstraße, Volksgarten, Hanuschplatz to the Landeskrankenhaus; the line leads back to Hanuschplatz and to Sam, via Edward-Baumgartner-Straße and Karajanplatz. This work was completed in mid-2009, and bus line 20 became trolleybus line 10.

On 9 July 2009, lines 3 and 5 were extended by 500 m (1,600 ft) to the new Itzling Pflanzmann terminus. These were the first privately financed trolleybus sections in Salzburg.

Lines

The eleven lines of the present Salzburg trolleybus system are as follows:

Interchange between line 4 and the Salzburg S-Bahn at Gnigl, 2004.
1 Red Bull Arena – Messe (– Salzburgarena)
2 Walserfeld – Obergnigl from 1986 to 2003 part of Line 77
3 Salzburg Süd – Itzling Pflanzmann from 1986 to 2003 Line 51
4 Mayrwies/Langwied – Liefering from 1986 to 2003 Line 29 or 29A
5 Birkensiedlung – Hauptbahnhof (– Itzling Pflanzmann)
6 Parsch – Itzling West
7 Salzburg Süd – Salzachsee from 1986 to 2003 Line 49
8 Salzburg Süd – Himmelreich from 1986 to 2003 part of Line 95
10 Sam – Landeskrankenhaus (– Schule Lehen)
12 Josefiau - Europark
14 Polizeidirektion - Forellenwegsiedlung

Projects

In October 2010, plans for new extensions were presented. It is proposed to run line 10 through the Strubergasse in future, and thereby provide a better connection with the Struber barracks. Additionally, by means of a branch in the Karolingerstrasse, line 8 will serve the many businesses and residents in that district. The city of Salzburg plans to invest around €2.2 million in these two projects up to 2015.

For quite some time, an extension to Eugendorf, or a cross-border line to Freilassing in Germany, have also been discussed.

In December 2016, diesel bus line 20 will be converted to trolleybus line 9 with a new 2.2 kilometres (1.4 mi) route in the East of Salzburg.

Fleet

Former fleet

Gräf & Stift standard trolleybus no 101 (Type OE 105/54), 1983.
Gräf & Stift articulated bus no 159 passes the Sigmundstor, 1983.
Gräf & Stift former no 106 (Type OE 112 M 11, built 1987), now in Mediaș.
Steyr former no 107 (built 1988), also now in Mediaș.

Until recently, almost all of the trolleybuses operating on the Salzburg system were made either by the German company MAN or its Austrian counterpart Gräf & Stift. After the former company took over the latter in 1971, the Gräf & Stift name remained in use as an MAN brand for the Austrian market and for trolleybuses until 2001, when ÖAF-Gräf & Stift AG was renamed MAN Sonderfahrzeuge AG.[2]

With the retirement of large numbers of Gräf & Stift vehicles since the start of the 21st century, the MAN/Gräf & Stift portion of the fleet has been now much reduced.

Some of the retired Salzburg vehicles were sold to other trolleybus operators. By that means, former Salzburg trolleybuses later entered service on the since closed trolleybus system in Kapfenberg, Austria, and also in Germany (Eberswalde), Lithuania (Vilnius), Romania (Mediaş and Timișoara) and Russia (Perm and Rybinsk).

Until 1975, trolleybuses also operated with trailers. Salzburg was the last trolleybus network in Austria in which this form of operation was to be found. There were four different models of trailer available. They were made by Gräf & Stift (type OA I), Kässbohrer (without model designation), Lohner (type OM 5/1) and Schumann (without model designation).

Table of former fleet

Numbers Quantity Manufacturer Model No Configuration Entered service Retired Notes
10 MAN / Schumann MPE I Standard (two-axle) 1940 1967
4 Vétra CS 60 Standard (two-axle) 1941 1943
10 MAN / Schumann MPE II Standard (two-axle) 1942 1966
6 Gräf & Stift EO I Standard (two-axle) 1948 1974
1 MAN / Gräf & Stift EO I Standard (two-axle) 1951 1971
3 MAN / Gräf & Stift EO II Standard (two-axle) 1956 1970
3 Uerdingen / Henschel ÜHIIIs Standard (two-axle) 1956 1976
5 Henschel HS 160 OSL-G Articulated 1961 1979
136–142 7 Gräf & Stift GEO II Articulated 1961 1980
5 Gräf & Stift GE 105/54/57 Articulated 1964 1983
14 Gräf & Stift GE 105/54/54 Articulated 1966 1989
101–112 12 Gräf & Stift OE 105/54 Standard (two-axle) 1971 1990
113–123 11 Gräf & Stift OE 110/54/A Standard (two-axle) 1975 1993
155–160 6 Gräf & Stift GE 110/54/57/A Articulated 1976 1992
161 1 Gräf & Stift GE 150 M 16 Articulated 1979 1993 Induction motor
129–147, 162–186 44 Gräf & Stift GE 110 M 16 Articulated 1980 2002 No 178 now a heritage vehicle.
101–106 6 Gräf & Stift OE 112 M 11 Standard (two-axle) 1986 2002
107–110 4 Steyr STS 11 HU Standard (two-axle) 1989 2003 No 109 now a heritage vehicle.
111–114 4 Steyr STS 11 HU 140 Standard (two-axle) 1990 2003
200, 218 2 Gräf & Stift GE 112 M 16 Articulated 1989 2011

Current fleet

The oldest vehicles in the current fleet are the 23 high-floor Gräf & Stift articulated trolleybuses built between 1988 and 1994. With three exceptions, they are powered by an induction motor. This series originally consisted of 36 vehicles, of which 35 were built for Salzburg. The other one, fleet no. 220, was bought secondhand from the Kapfenberg trolleybus system.

The first low-floor trolleybuses to be added to the system were the 23 MAN articulated vehicles constructed between 1994 and 1997. One of them, fleet no. 240, is likewise a used vehicle from Kapfenberg.

The Van Hool vehicle generation, in the fleet since 2000, similarly offers only low-floor entrances. Of the 32 Van Hool vehicles, 13 were equipped with a diesel-powered auxiliary drive, the first such devices to be fitted to vehicles in the Salzburg fleet. On 24 November 2008, two more Van Hool articulated vehicles arrived in Salzburg as secondhand acquisitions from the Vevey–Villeneuve trolleybus system, in Switzerland. These had been Vevey–Villeneuve fleet nos. 2 and 15, built in 1995. Following renovation work, they were put back into service, with new fleet nos. 259 and 260. They were also painted, into the same dark red livery as features on the trains of the Salzburger Lokalbahn.

Of the latest Solaris Trollino 18 generation of vehicles, the first three were delivered on 14 September 2009. Eight more followed in 2010, and the remaining nine were scheduled to go into operation in 2011 and 2012. There is also an option for two further trolleybuses of this type. The new Solaris vehicles are also painted dark red and have an auxiliary drive. In February 2010, one Solaris vehicle, fleet no. 301, was lent to the Eberswalde trolleybus system in Germany for presentation purposes.

Additionally, the procurement of a bi-articulated trolleybus is anticipated for the near future.

Table of the current fleet

Numbers Quantity Manufacturer Electrical
equipment 		Year built Model Low-floor Auxiliary drive Notes
201–215
219–228 		25 Gräf & Stift Kiepe 1987–1994 GE 112 M 16 no no 220 = ex-Kapfenberg no 25, in the fleet since 2005, with conductor seat.
229–252 24 Gräf & Stift / MAN Kiepe 1994–1997 NGT 204 M 16 yes no 240 = ex-Kapfenberg no 35, in the fleet since 2003.
259–260 2 Van Hool Kiepe 1995 AG 300 T yes yes Formerly VMCV nos 2 and 15, in the fleet since 2009, without automatic current collector.
261–290 30 Van Hool Kiepe 2000–2005 AG 300 T yes yes (261, 279–290)
no (262–278)
301–319 (Trollino)
321-356 (Trollino Metrostyle) 		55 Solaris Cegelec 2009–2016 Trollino 18 yes yes 316-319 are former La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. The 4 Trollino were built in 2005. The Metrostyle is a trolleybus with a design inspired by the Solaris trams.

Heritage fleet

The ÜHIIIs heritage vehicle no 123.

The oldest operable trolleybus in Salzburg is a 1957 model ÜHIIIs. This is not an original Salzburg vehicle; with the fictitious number 123, it comes from the Solingen trolleybus system (former number 40) and has been loaned by an English collector.

Since July 2007, the ÜHIIIs has been operating special trips in Salzburg, for which it wears a Salzburg livery. The vehicle can also be hired privately. From late July to late August each year, to coincide with the Salzburg Festival, the ÜHIIIs runs on a regular basis every Friday, on a special heritage line of the Association Pro Obus Salzburg eV. In 2012, the vehicle will return to England.

Two other serviceable heritage vehicles, also in the care of Pro Obus Salzburg eV, are the 1985-built Gräf & Stift articulated trolleybus no 178, and the 1988-built Steyr conventional trolleybus no 109. Both are still used in scheduled passenger service in the rush hours. This serves the dual purpose of avoiding deterioration of the heritage vehicles in storage, and better covering peak demand.

See also

References

Notes

  1. ↑ "Solaris-Busse: Neue Fahrzeugflotte in Salzburg" [Solaris-Buses: New vehicle fleet in Salzburg]. Salzburg24.at. 22 December 2010. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  2. ↑ "MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Annual Report 2001" (PDF). MAN Nutzfahrzeuge. 15 March 2002. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 2010-11-16.

Books

Media related to Trolleybuses in Salzburg at Wikimedia Commons

Coordinates: 47°48′N 13°02′E / 47.800°N 13.033°E / 47.800; 13.033

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