Tunggal panaluan
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Tunggal panaluan, John Young Museum of Art, University of Hawaii at Manoa
A tunggal panaluan is a magic staff used by shamans of the Batak people, who live in the highlands of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Traditionally the tunggal panaluan it is made from wood carved with human figures and embellished with horsehair and cooked human brain, both procured from sacrificial victims.
References
- Kuiper, F. B. J., Cosmogony and Conception: A Query, History of Religions, Vol. 10, No. 2 (Nov., 1970), 91-138.
- Winkler, J., Die Toba-Batak auf Sumatra in gesunden und kranken Tagen, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 32, No. 4 (Oct.-Dec., 1930), 682-687.
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