Union of Jewish Religious Communities in Poland

Union of Jewish Religious Communities in Poland
Związek Gmin Wyznaniowych Żydowskich w RP

Administrative division of ZGWŻ across Poland
Abbreviation	ZGWŻ
Predecessor	Związek Religijny Wyznania Mojżeszowego, registered in 1949
Formation	February 27, 1997 originally registered in 1993
Type	NGO
Legal status	Religious community
Headquarters	Warsaw
Membership	~ 2,000 (1998)
Official language	Polish
Leader	Piotr Kadlčik (2003-)

The Union of Jewish Religious Communities in Poland (Polish: Związek Gmin Wyznaniowych Żydowskich w RP, and abbreviated ZGWŻ), is a religious association formed by Jews living in Poland who adhere to Judaism. It was originally created in 1949 as the Religious Association of Judaism, and renamed in 1992. The Association's seat is located in Warsaw, with seven administrative branches throughout the country. ZGWŻ consists of approximately 2,000 members (1998) congregating in nine municipalities. The Union operates seven active synagogues and 15 prayer houses. Also, ZGWŻ publishes its own periodicals, as well as the popular Jewish Calendar (Kalendarz Żydowski). Since 2003, the president of the Union is Piotr Kadlčik.^[1]

Activities

The main goal of the Association is to organize religious and cultural life for its members. The Association continues the democratic traditions of the Jewish religious presence in the country preceding the Holocaust and the subsequent religious strife in Soviet-dominated Poland from before the Revolutions of 1989. The Jewish community was almost completely destroyed in World War II, along with most of its religious monuments. ZGWŻ helps Polish Jews - including the descendants of the Holocaust survivors - in a variety of legal matters, both communal and personal, including aiding in the process of recovery and restoration of property once owned by the Jewish Kehilla (קהלה), and nationalized in Communist Poland,^[2] like the White Stork Synagogue in Wrocław (see gallery).^[3]

ZGWŻ activities are financed by the resources of the union, and in part, by grants from the Joint Distribution Committee (JDC). Some specific projects are also supported financially by the Ministry of Culture, the Arts of Poland, and other private sponsors.^[2]

The Union maintains all active synagogues, prayer houses, and historical cemeteries. It oversees the organization of ritual dining, slaughter of animals, distribution of kosher food, and communal baths. The Association also maintains specialized religious groups (such as the "burial brotherhood"), and manages its own health care resources and social support networks. It is a partner with many state institutions and non-governmental organizations (NGO's), working toward the preservation and promotion of the Jewish heritage in Poland. It also takes an active role in the preservation of Jewish historical monuments that are considered a part of the national heritage of Poland. The Association also runs language schools, and organizes educational courses, lectures, seminars, conferences, and training sessions, and publishes its own magazines and books.^[2]

Organization

The Union of Jewish Communities in Poland was officially registered in 1993, although at present it operates under the (later) Act of Polish Parliament "Dziennik Ustaw No. 41 par. 251", signed on February 27, 1997. It is a legal continuation of the Religious Union of Judaism (Związek Religijny Wyznania Mojżeszowego), which was established in 1946.^[2] The Association is composed of eight Jewish municipalities, including Warsaw,^[4] Wrocław, Kraków,^[5] Łódź, Szczecin, Katowice, Bielsko-Biała, and Legnica. All smaller Jewish communities are subordinate to the branch offices of the Association.^[6]

ZGWŻ brings together all adults of the Jewish faith along with people of Jewish nationality and origin who are not following any other religions, but who own Polish citizenship (or simply reside in Poland). The Chairman of the Association, who was elected in October 2003, is its former Vice-President, Piotr Kadlčik. Union representatives sit on the Board of Directors of several Jewish organizations, including the European Jewish Congress, the European Jewish Fund, the Foundation for the Preservation of Jewish Heritage in Poland, the American Jewish Committee (AJC), the National Council for Revindication Agreements in Poland, and the World Federation of Polish Jews.^[2]

Pictures of synagogues managed by ZGWŻ
Nożyk Synagogue, Warsaw  Tempel Synagogue in Kraków, exterior  Tempel Synagogue, interior  Remuh Synagogue of Kazimierz in Kraków

Reicherów Synagogue in Łódź  Synagogue in Chachmei Lublin Yeshiva, Lublin  New Synagogue, Gdańsk  White Stork Synagogue in Wrocław (rededicated)

Notes and references

1. "Związek Gmin Wyznaniowych Żydowskich w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej". Encyklopedia WIEM, based on: Popularna Encyklopedia Powszechna, by Wydawnictwo Fogra (in Polish). Grupa Onet.pl SA. 1996–2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
2. "Związek Gmin Wyznaniowych Żydowskich w RP". Union of Jewish Religious Communities in Poland (in Polish). Gedeon. 2003–2006. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
3. Samuel D. Gruber. "Poland: Wroclaw's White Stork Synagogue Restoration Continues, Neo-Classical Façade (1829) by Carl Ferdinand Langhans now Complete". Jewish Art & Monuments Blog. Retrieved July 19, 2012.
4. "Jewish Community of Warsaw". How to become a Community member. Lectures and studies. Official Website. 2009. Archived from the original on May 25, 2009. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
5. "Gmina Wyznaniowa Żydowska w Krakowie". O gminie (in Polish). Jewish Krakow. 2010. Archived from the original on March 30, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2012.
6. "Gminy zrzeszone w Związku Gmin Wyznaniowych Żydowskich". Jewish communities belonging to the Union of Religious Communities (in Polish). Forum Żydów Polskich. 2010. Archived from the original on September 23, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2012.