Westmere (microarchitecture)

For other uses, see Westmere (disambiguation).

Westmere
L1 cache	64 KB per core
L2 cache	256 KB per core
L3 cache	4 MB to 30 MB shared
Model	Core Series
Created	January 7, 2010
Transistors	382M 32nm (C2)
Architecture	Nehalem x86
Instructions	MMX, AES-NI, CLMUL
Extensions	x86-64, Intel 64 SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4, SSE4.1, SSE4.2 VT-x, VT-d
Socket(s)	LGA 1156 LGA 1366 LGA 1567 rPGA988A
Predecessor	Nehalem
Successor	Sandy Bridge
GPU	533 MHz to 900 MHz 177M 45nm (K0)

Connection of the GPU inside the Westemere microarchitecture

Westmere (formerly Nehalem-C) is the name given to the 32 nm die shrink of Nehalem. The first Westmere-based processors were launched on January 7, 2010 by Intel Corporation. Westmere designs included 1st generation Intel Core processors, including Core i3, i5, and i7. The Core i5 and i7 had been available under Nehalem, but this was the first Core i3.

Technology

Westmere's feature improvements from Nehalem, as reported:

Native six-core (Gulftown) and ten-core (Westmere-EX) processors.^[1]
A new set of instructions that gives over 3x the encryption and decryption rate of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) processes compared to before.^[2]
- Delivers seven new instructions (AES instruction set or AES-NI) that can be used by the AES algorithm. Also an instruction called PCLMULQDQ (see CLMUL instruction set) that will perform carry-less multiplication for use in cryptography and data compression.^[3]
Integrated graphics, added into the processor package (dual core Arrandale and Clarkdale only).
Improved virtualization latency.^[4]
New virtualization capability: "VMX Unrestricted mode support," which allows 16-bit guests to run (real mode and big real mode).
Support for "Huge Pages" of 1 GB in size.

Translation lookaside buffer sizes ^[5]
Cache		Page Size
Name	Level	4 KB	2 MB	1 GB
DTLB	1st	64	32	N/A
ITLB	1st	128	7 / logical core	N/A
STLB	2nd	512	none	none

CPU variants

Processing Cores (Interface)	Process	Die Size	CPUID	Model	Stepping	Mobile	Desktop, UP Server	DP Server	MP Server
Ten-Core (Quad-channel)^[6]	32 nm	513 mm²	206F2	47	A2				Westmere-EX (80615)
Six-Core (Triple-Channel)	32 nm	248 mm²	206C0 (ES/QS), 206C1 (ES/QS), 206C2	44	A0, B0, B1		Gulftown (80613)	Westmere-EP (80614)
Dual-Core (Dual-Channel, PCIe, Graphics Core)	32 nm 45 nm	81+114 mm²	20652 20655	37	C2 K0	Arrandale (80617)	Clarkdale (80616)

Westmere CPUs

TDP includes the integrated GPU, if present.
Clarkdale processors feature 16 PCIe 2.0 lanes, which can be used in 1x16 or 2x8 configuration.
Clarkdale and Arrandale contain the 32 nm dual core processor Hillel and the 45 nm integrated graphics device Ironlake, and support switchable graphics.^[7]^[8]

Server / Desktop processors

Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Socket	Processor Branding & model		Clock rate		Turbo	TDP	Interfaces		L3 cache	Release Date	Price
Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Socket	Processor Branding & model		Core	GPU	Turbo	TDP	Chipset	Memory	L3 cache	Release Date	Price
Westmere-EX^[9]	MP Server	10 (20)	LGA 1567	Xeon	E7-8870	2.4 GHz	N/A	Yes	130 W	4× QPI 6.4 GT/s	4× DDR3-1066	30 MB	2011-04-05^[10]	$4616
					E7-4870									$4394
					E7-2870									$4227
					E7-8867L	2.13 GHz			105 W					$4172
					E7-8860	2.26 GHz			130 W			24 MB		$4061
					E7-4860									$3838
					E7-2860									$3670
					E7-8850	2 GHz								$3059
					E7-4850									$2837
					E7-2850									$2558
		8 (8)			E7-8837	2.66 GHz								$2280
		8 (16)			E7-8830	2.13 GHz			105 W					$2280
					E7-4830									$2059
					E7-2830									$1779
					E7-4820	2 GHz				4× QPI 5.86 GT/s		18 MB		$1446
					E7-2820	2 GHz				4× QPI 5.86 GT/s				$1334
		6 (12)			E7-4807	1.86 GHz		No	95 W	4× QPI 4.8 GT/s	4× DDR3-800			$890
		6 (12)			E7-2803	1.73 GHz		No	105 W	4× QPI 4.8 GT/s	4× DDR3-800			$774
Gulftown / Westmere-EP^[11]	DP Server	2 (4)	LGA 1366	Xeon	X5698^[12]	4.4 GHz	N/A	No	130 W	2× QPI 6.4 GT/s	3× DDR3-1333	12 MB	Q1 2011	OEM
		6 (12)			X5690	3.46 GHz		Yes					2011-02-13	$1663
					X5680	3.33 GHz							2010-03-16	$1663
					X5679	3.2 GHz			115 W				2011-02-13	OEM
					X5675	3.06 GHz			95 W				2011-02-13	$1440
					X5670	2.93 GHz							2010-03-16	$1440
					X5660	2.8 GHz								$1219
					X5650	2.66 GHz								$996
					E5649	2.53 GHz			80 W	2× QPI 5.86 GT/s			2011-02-13	$774
					E5645	2.4 GHz			80 W				2010-03-16	$551
					L5645	2.4 GHz			60 W				2011-02-13	OEM
					L5640	2.26 GHz							2010-03-16	$996
					L5639	2.13 GHz							2011-02-13	OEM
					L5638	2.0 GHz							2010-03-16	$958
		4 (8)			X5687	3.6 GHz			130 W	2× QPI 6.4 GT/s			2011-02-13	$1663
					X5677	3.46 GHz			130 W				2010-03-16	$1663
					X5672	3.2 GHz			95 W				2011-02-13	$1440
					X5667	3.06 GHz			95 W				2010-03-16	$1440
					X5647	2.93 GHz			130 W	2× QPI 5.86 GT/s	3× DDR3-1066		2011-02-13	$774
					E5640	2.66 GHz			80 W				2010-03-16	$774
					E5630	2.53 GHz								$551
					E5620	2.4 GHz								$387
					L5630	2.13 GHz			40 W					$551
					L5618	1.86 GHz								$530
		4 (4)			L5609	1.86 GHz		No		2× QPI 4.8 GT/s				$440
					L5607	2.26 GHz			80 W			8 MB	2011-02-13	$276
					L5606	2.13 GHz						8 MB		$219
					L5603	1.6 GHz						4 MB		$188
	UP Server	6 (12)		Xeon	W3690	3.46 GHz	N/A	Yes	130 W	1× QPI 6.4 GT/s	3× DDR3-1333	12 MB	2011-02-13^[13]	$999
					W3680	3.33 GHz				1× QPI 6.4 GT/s	3× DDR3-1333		2010-03-16^[14]	$999
					W3670	3.20 GHz				1× QPI 4.8 GT/s	3× DDR3-1066		2010-08-29	$885
	Extreme / Performance Desktop			Core i7 Extreme	990X	3.46 GHz				1× QPI 6.4 GT/s			2011-02-13	$999
				Core i7 Extreme	980X	3.33 GHz				1× QPI 6.4 GT/s			2010-03-16	$999
				Core i7	980	3.33 GHz				1× QPI 4.8 GT/s			2011-06-26	$583
				Core i7	970	3.20 GHz				1× QPI 4.8 GT/s			2010-07-17	$583
Clarkdale^[15]	UP Server	2 (4)	LGA 1156	Xeon	L3406	2.26 GHz	N/A	Yes	30 W	DMI	2× DDR3-1066	4 MB	2010-03-16	$189
	UP Server	2 (2)		Xeon	L3403	2.0 GHz	N/A		30 W		2× DDR3-1066		2010-10	$
	Mainstream / Value Desktop	2 (4)		Core i5	680	3.6 GHz	733 MHz		73 W		2× DDR3-1333		2010-04-18	$294
					670	3.46 GHz	733 MHz		73 W				2010-01-07	$284
					661	3.33 GHz	900 MHz		87 W					$196
					660	3.33 GHz	733 MHz		73 W					$196
					655K	3.2 GHz							2010-05-30	$216
					650	3.2 GHz							2010-01-07	$176
				Core i3	560	3.33 GHz		No					2010-08-29	$138
					550	3.20 GHz							2010-05-30	$138
					540	3.06 GHz							2010-01-07	$133
					530	2.93 GHz							2010-01-07	$113
		2 (2)		Pentium	G6960	2.93 GHz	533 MHz				2× DDR3-1066	3 MB	2011-01-09	$89
					G6951	2.8 GHz							Q3 2010	OEM
					G6950	2.8 GHz							2010-01-07	$87
				Celeron	G1101	2.26 GHz						2 MB	2010-01-07	$70

Mobile processors

Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Processor Branding & Model		CPU Clock rate		GPU Clock rate	Turbo	TDP	Memory	L3 cache	Interface	Release Date	Price
Codename	Market	Cores / Threads	Processor Branding & Model		Standard	Turbo (1C/2C active cores )	GPU Clock rate	Turbo	TDP	Memory	L3 cache	Interface	Release Date	Price
Arrandale	Mainstream / Value Mobile	2 (4)	Core i7	640M	2.8 GHz	3.46/3.2 GHz	766 MHz	Yes	35 W	2× DDR3-1066	4 MB	* DMI * PCIe 1 x16 * Socket: µPGA-988 / BGA-1288	2010-09-26	$346
				620M	2.66 GHz	3.33/3.06 GHz							2010-01-07	$332
				610E	2.53 GHz	3.2/2.93 GHz							2010-01-07	$332
				660LM	2.26 GHz	3.06/2.8 GHz	566 MHz		25 W				2010-09-26	$346
				640LM	2.13 GHz	2.93/2.66 GHz							2010-01-07	$332
				620LM / 620LE	2.0 GHz	2.8/2.53 GHz							2010-01-07	$300
				680UM	1.46 GHz	2.53/2.16 GHz	500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-09-26	$317
				660UM / 660UE	1.33 GHz	2.4/2.0 GHz							2010-05-25	$317
				640UM	1.2 GHz	2.26/1.86 GHz							2010-01-07	$305
				620UM / 620UE	1.06 GHz	2.13/1.76 GHz							2010-01-07	$278
			Core i5	580M	2.66 GHz	3.33/2.93 GHz	766 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066	3 MB		2010-09-26	$266
				560M	2.66 GHz	3.2/2.93 GHz							2010-09-26	$225
				540M	2.53 GHz	3.06/2.8 GHz							2010-01-07	$257
				520M / 520E	2.4 GHz	2.93/2.66 GHz							2010-01-07	$225
				560UM	1.33 GHz	2.13/1.86 GHz	500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-09-26	$250
				540UM	1.2 GHz	2.0/1.73 GHz							2010-05-25	$250
				520UM	1.06 GHz	1.86/1.6 GHz							2010-01-07	$241
				480M	2.66 GHz	2.93/2.93 GHz	766 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09	OEM
				460M	2.53 GHz	2.8/2.8 GHz							2010-09-26
				450M	2.4 GHz	2.66/2.66 GHz							2010-06-26
				430M	2.26 GHz	2.53/2.53 GHz							2010-01-07
				470UM	1.33 GHz	1.86/1.6 GHz	500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-10-01
				430UM	1.2 GHz	1.73/1.46 GHz	500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-05-25
			Core i3	390M	2.66 GHz	n/a	667 MHz	No	35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09
				380M	2.53 GHz								2010-09-26
				370M	2.4 GHz								2010-06-20
				350M	2.26 GHz								2010-01-07
				330M / 330E	2.13 GHz								2010-01-07
				380UM	1.33 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-10-01
				330UM	1.2 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-05-25
		2 (2)	Pentium	P6300	2.26 GHz		667 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2011-01-09
				P6200	2.13 GHz								2010-09-26
				P6100	2.0 GHz								2010-09-26
				P6000	1.86 GHz								2010-06-20
				U5600	1.33 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2011-01-09
				U5400	1.2 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2010-05-25
			Celeron	P4600	2.0 GHz		667 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066	2 MB		2010-09-26	$86
				P4500 / P4505	1.86 GHz		667 MHz		35 W	2× DDR3-1066			2010-03-28	OEM
				U3600	1.2 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800			2011-01-09	$134
				U3400 / U3405	1.06 GHz		500 MHz		18 W	2× DDR3-800 / 1066			2010-05-25	OEM

Roadmap

The successor to Nehalem and Westmere is Sandy Bridge.

Intel CPU core roadmaps from NetBurst and P6 to Tigerlake

Atom (ULV)		Feature size	x86
		600 nm	P6	Pentium Pro (133 MHz)
		500 nm		Pentium Pro (150 MHz)
		350 nm		Pentium Pro (166–200 MHz)
				Klamath
		250 nm		Deschutes
				Katmai		NetBurst
		180 nm		Coppermine		Willamette
		130 nm		Tualatin		Northwood
				Banias				NetBurst(HT)		NetBurst(×2)
		90 nm		Dothan		Prescott	⇨	Prescott‑2M	⇨	Smithfield
						Tejas	→	⇩	→	Cedarmill (Tejas)
		65 nm		Yonah		Nehalem (NetBurst)		Cedar Mill	⇨	Presler
			Core	Merom
Bonnell	Bonnell	45 nm		Penryn
			Nehalem	Nehalem
	Saltwell	32 nm		Westmere
			Sandy Bridge	Sandy Bridge
Silvermont	Silvermont	22 nm		Ivy Bridge
			Haswell	Haswell
	Airmont	14 nm		Broadwell
Goldmont	Goldmont		Skylake	Skylake
				Kaby Lake	⇨	Coffee Lake
		10 nm		Cannonlake
			Icelake	Icelake
				Tigerlake

Italic names indicate canceled processors
Bold names are the microarchitecture names
Bold italic names are future processors

References

↑ Valich, Theo (2009-04-16). "Intel says no to 28nm, focuses on 22nm: Ivy Bridge/Haswell & Larrabee". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 23 March 2015.
↑ Smalley, Tim (2007-09-19), Westmere is Nehalem's successor, bit-tech.net
↑ Carry-Less Multiplication and Its Usage for Computing The GCM Mode – Intel Software Network, 2008-04-11, retrieved 2009-03-01
↑ Fuad Abazovic (2008-09-16), Westmere 32nm to improve Nehalem features, Fudzilla.com, retrieved 2009-03-01
↑ (PDF) http://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/m/7/c/9/9/c/18976-Nehalem_Uarch_Spring_2008_IDF.pdf. Retrieved January 16, 2013. Missing or empty |title= (help)
↑ Westmere-EX 10 core CPUs announced by Intel at IDF
↑ Bell, Brandon (2009-02-10), Intel CPU Roadmap 2009–2010, FS Media, Inc, retrieved 2009-03-01
↑ CPU list, archived from the original on 2012-03-01
↑ Westmere-EX: Intel Improves their Xeon Flagship
↑ Intel Launches New Xeon Chips with Up to Ten Cores
↑ Intel pushes workhorse Xeons to six cores
↑ Hilbert Hagedoorn (March 15, 2011). "Intel ships a 4.4GHz Xeon X5698". The Guru of 3D.
↑ Intel Xeon X5690 - AT80614005913AB (BX80614X5690)
↑ Intel Launches Its Most Secure Data Center Processor
↑ Intel Clarkdale Processor, XTREVIEW, 2009-02-09, retrieved 2009-03-01

External links

Intel processors

Discontinued

BCD oriented (4-bit)	4004 (1971) 4040 (1974)

pre-x86 (8-bit)	8008 (1972) 8080 (1974) 8085 (1977)

Early x86 (16-bit)	8086 (1978) 8088 (1979) 80186 (1982) 80188 (1982) 80286 (1982)

x87 (external FPUs)	8/16-bit databus 8087 (1980) 16-bit databus 80187 80287 80387SX 32-bit databus 80387DX 80487

IA-32 (32-bit)	80386 SX 376 EX 80486 SX DX2 DX4 SL RapidCAD OverDrive A100/A110 Celeron (1998) M D (2004) Pentium Original OverDrive Pro II II OverDrive III 4 M Dual-Core Core Solo Duo

x86-64 (64-bit)	Celeron D Dual-Core Pentium 4 D Extreme Edition Dual-Core Core 2 i7 (some)

Other	CISC iAPX 432 RISC i860 i960 StrongARM XScale

Current

IA-32 (32-bit)	Tolapai Atom CE SoC Quark

x86-64 (64-bit)	Atom CE SoC Celeron Pentium Core i3 i5 i7 M Xeon E3 E5 E7 Phi

EPIC	Itanium

Lists

Atom Celeron Core 2 i3 i5 i7 M Itanium Pentium Pro II III 4 D M Xeon

Related

Chipsets PCHs SCHs ICHs PIIXs GPUs Codenames GMA HD and Iris Graphics

Microarchitectures

P5	800 nm P5 600 nm P54C 350 nm P54CS P55C 250 nm Tillamook

P6 / Pentium M / Enhanced Pentium M	500 nm P6 350 nm P6 Klamath 250 nm Mendocino Dixon Tonga Covington Deschutes Katmai Drake Tanner 180 nm Coppermine Coppermine T Timna Cascades 130 nm Tualatin Banias 90 nm Dothan Stealey Tolapai Canmore 65 nm Yonah Sossaman

NetBurst	180 nm Willamette Foster 130 nm Northwood Gallatin Prestonia 90 nm Tejas and Jayhawk Prescott Smithfield Nocona Irwindale Cranford Potomac Paxville 65 nm Cedar Mill Presler Dempsey Tulsa

Core / Penryn	65 nm Merom-L Merom Conroe-L Allendale Conroe Kentsfield Woodcrest Clovertown Tigerton 45 nm Penryn Penryn-QC Wolfdale Yorkfield Wolfdale-DP Harpertown Dunnington

Bonnell / Saltwell	45 nm Silverthorne Diamondville Pineview Lincroft Tunnel Creek Stellarton Sodaville Groveland 32 nm Cedarview Penwell Cloverview Berryville Centerton

Nehalem / Westmere	45 nm Clarksfield Lynnfield Jasper Forest Bloomfield Gainestown (Nehalem-EP) Beckton (Nehalem-EX) 32 nm Arrandale Clarkdale Gulftown (Westmere-EP) Westmere-EX

Sandy Bridge / Ivy Bridge	32 nm Sandy Bridge Sandy Bridge-E Gladden 22 nm Ivy Bridge Ivy Bridge-EP Ivy Bridge-EX

Haswell / Broadwell	22 nm Haswell 14 nm Broadwell

Silvermont / Airmont	22 nm Valleyview Tangier Anniedale 14 nm Cherryview

Skylake/Kaby Lake/Coffee Lake/Cannonlake	14 nm Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake 10 nm Cannonlake

Goldmont	14 nm Goldmont

Future (Icelake/Tigerlake)	10 nm Icelake Tigerlake