William Carey (courtier)

William Carey
William Carey, attributed to Hans Holbein the Younger. From a private Irish collection.
Born	c. 1500
Died	22 June 1528 (aged 28)
Spouse(s)	Mary Boleyn (m.1520–1528)
Children	Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon Catherine Carey
Parent(s)	Thomas Carey Margaret Spencer

Arms of Cary: Argent, on a bend sable three roses of the field^[1]

William Carey, of Aldenham, in Hertfordshire (c. 1500 – 22 June 1528) was a courtier and favourite of King Henry VIII of England. He served the king as a Gentleman of the Privy chamber, and Esquire of the Body to the King. His wife, Mary Boleyn, is known to history as a mistress of King Henry VIII and the sister of Henry's second wife, Anne Boleyn.

Biography

William Carey was the second son of Sir Thomas Carey (1455–1500), of Chilton Foliat in Wiltshire, and his wife, Margaret Spencer, daughter of Sir Robert Spencer and Eleanor Beaufort, and grandson of Sir William Cary of Cockington, Devon, an eminent Lancastrian.^[2] This Cary family were anciently recorded in Devon, and originally held the manors at Cockington and Clovelly in that county.^[3] Eleanor was the daughter of Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, whose brother John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, was the father of Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby, grandmother of King Henry VIII; thus William and Henry VIII were third cousins. William's maternal aunt was Catherine Spencer, Countess of Northumberland, and through her, he was first cousin to Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland, the former suitor of his sister-in-law Anne Boleyn.

On 4 February 1520,^[4] he was married to Mary Boleyn, the elder daughter of Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Howard. They resided at Aldenham in Hertfordshire.

Shortly after their marriage, Mary became the mistress of King Henry VIII. The Boleyns received grants of land, and Carey himself profited from his wife's unfaithfulness, being granted manors and estates by the King while it was in progress.^[5] Carey was also a noted art collector and he introduced the famed Dutch artist, Lucas Horenbout, to the Kingdom of England in the mid-1520s. Perhaps one of the reasons the athletic King Henry VIII favoured Carey was the fact that Carey appears to have been fond of activities such as riding, hunting and jousting. Carey distinguished himself in jousting at the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520.

Anne Boleyn, Mary's sister, caught Henry's eye a year after his affair with Mary ended. Henry proposed marriage to her in 1527. William Carey did not live to enjoy his sister-in-law's prosperity, since he died of the sweating sickness the following year. Brian Tuke, Henry's secretary at the time of Carey's death wrote this to Lord Legat the day after his death: "Now is word common that M. Cary, which before I came lay in the chamber where I lie, and with whom at my first coming I met here in this place, saying that he had been with his wife at Plashey, and would not be seen within, because he would ride again and hunt, is dead of the sweat. Our Lord have mercy on his soul; and hold his hand over us." He died greatly in debt, and his wife was reduced to pawning her jewellery before Anne Boleyn arranged a pension for her.

Children of William Carey and Mary Boleyn

William Carey and Mary Boleyn were the parents of two children:

• Catherine Carey (c. 1524 – 15 January 1568). Maid of Honour to Anne of Cleves and Catherine Howard. She was married to the Puritan Sir Francis Knollys, Knight of the Garter. She was later lady-in-waiting to her cousin, Elizabeth I. One of her daughters, Lettice Knollys, became the second wife of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, the favourite of Elizabeth I.
• Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (4 March 1526 – 23 July 1596). He was ennobled by Queen Elizabeth I just after her coronation and created Knight of the Garter in 1561. When Henry was dying, Elizabeth offered him the Boleyn family title, Earl of Ormonde, which he had long sought, but he refused the honour.

Because of Mary's affair, it has been suggested that Catherine and Henry may have been instead Henry VIII's biological children (see Issue of Mary Boleyn). The veracity of this claim is the subject of historical debate.

Ancestry

Ancestors of William Carey (courtier)

16. Sir Robert Cary               8. Sir Philip Cary                       17. Elizabeth Courtenay               4. Sir Thomas Carey                             18. William Orchard               9. Christina Orchard                       19.               2. Sir Thomas Carey                                   20. Henry de Fulford               10. Sir Baldwin Fulford                       21. Wilhelma Langdon               5. Alice Furford                             22. John Bosome or Bozon               11. Jennet or Elizabeth Bosome or Bozon                       23. Rosamond St. George               1. William Carey                                         24.               12. John Spencer                       25.               6. Sir Robert Spencer                             26.               13. Joan                       27.               3. Margaret Spencer                                   28. John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset               14. Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset                       29. Margaret Holland               7. Eleanor Beaufort                             30. Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick               15. Eleanor Beauchamp, Duchess of Somerset                       31. Elizabeth de Berkeley

References

Notes

1. Vivian, p.150
2. Michael Riordan, 'Carey, William (c.1496–1528)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2009.
3. Burke, Landed Gentry (18th edition), 1965, ASIN: B005VOJIVW
4. Weir. Henry VIII: The King and His Court. p. 216.
5. Plowden. Tudor Women: Queens and Commoners. p. 205.

Sources

Primary

• England, Public Record Office (1862–1932). J. S. Brewer; James Gairdner; R. H. Broadie, eds. Letters & Papers, Foreign & Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII, 1509–1547. 21 vols. in 33 parts. London: Longman & Co.

Secondary

• French, George Russell (1853). The Royal Descent of Nelson and Wellington from Edward I, King of England, with tables of pedigree and genealogical memoirs. London. p. 28.
• Ives, E. W. (2004). The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-23479-9.
• Kimber, Edward (1771). The Baronetage of England: containing a genealogical and historical account of all the English Baronets now existing, with their descents, marriages, and memorable actions both in war and peace. London: G. Woodfall. p. 221.
• Plowden, Alison (25 September 1998) [1979]. Tudor Women: Queens and Commoners (Rev. ed.). London: Sutton. ISBN 0-7509-2880-8.
• Warnicke, Retha Marvine (1989). The Rise and Fall of Anne Boleyn: Family Politics at the Court of Henry VIII. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 36. ISBN 0-521-37000-0.
• Weir, Alison (1991). The Six Wives of Henry VIII. London: Bodley Head. ISBN 0-370-31396-8.
• Weir, Alison (2001). Henry VIII: The King and His Court. New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 0-345-43659-8.