APOA2

APOA2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1L6L, 2OU1
Identifiers
Aliases	APOA2, Apo-AII, ApoA-II, apoAII, Apolipoprotein A2
External IDs	MGI: 88050 HomoloGene: 1242 GeneCards: APOA2
Gene ontology Molecular function • lipase inhibitor activity • protein homodimerization activity • phosphatidylcholine binding • lipid transporter activity • apolipoprotein receptor binding • high-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding • cholesterol binding • protein binding • protein heterodimerization activity • high-density lipoprotein particle binding • phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity • phospholipid binding • cholesterol transporter activity • lipid binding Cellular component • cytosol • blood microparticle • endoplasmic reticulum lumen • chylomicron • very-low-density lipoprotein particle • spherical high-density lipoprotein particle • extracellular space • extracellular region • early endosome • high-density lipoprotein particle • extracellular exosome Biological process • lipoprotein metabolic process • negative regulation of cholesterol import • negative regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • diacylglycerol catabolic process • lipid transport • regulation of protein stability • positive regulation of cholesterol esterification • phospholipid efflux • cholesterol transport • positive regulation of lipid catabolic process • response to glucocorticoid • cholesterol metabolic process • negative regulation of cytokine secretion involved in immune response • response to glucose • high-density lipoprotein particle assembly • retinoid metabolic process • response to estrogen • high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • negative regulation of lipase activity • regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption • low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • acute inflammatory response • animal organ regeneration • transport • phospholipid catabolic process • peptidyl-methionine modification • cholesterol efflux • positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process • negative regulation of cholesterol transport • cholesterol homeostasis • phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process • negative regulation of cholesterol transporter activity • viral process • negative regulation of lipid catabolic process • protein oxidation • triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle remodeling • response to drug • triglyceride metabolic process • reverse cholesterol transport • high-density lipoprotein particle clearance • positive regulation of catalytic activity • lipoprotein biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	336	11807
Ensembl	ENSG00000158874	ENSMUSG00000005681
UniProt	P02652	P09813
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001643	NM_013474 NM_001305549 NM_001305550 NM_001305585
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001634.1	NP_001292478.1 NP_001292479.1 NP_001292514.1 NP_038502.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 161.22 – 161.22 Mb	Chr 1: 171.23 – 171.23 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]
Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

ApoA-II
structures of apolipoprotein a-ii and a lipid surrogate complex provide insights into apolipoprotein-lipid interactions
Identifiers
Symbol	ApoA-II
Pfam	PF04711
InterPro	IPR006801
SCOP	1l6k
SUPERFAMILY	1l6k
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Apolipoprotein A-II is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOA2 gene.^[3]

Function

This gene encodes apolipoprotein (apo-) A-II, which is the second most abundant protein of the high density lipoprotein particles. The protein is found in plasma as a monomer, homodimer, or heterodimer with apolipoprotein D. Defects in this gene may result in apolipoprotein A-II deficiency or hypercholesterolemia.^[4]

Interactions

APOA2 has been shown to interact with PLTP.^[5]

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. ^{[§ 1]}

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Statin Pathway edit

1. The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "Statin_Pathway_WP430".

References

1. "Human PubMed Reference:".
2. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
3. Tsao YK, Wei CF, Robberson DL, Gotto AM, Chan L (Dec 1985). "Isolation and characterization of the human apolipoprotein A-II gene. Electron microscopic analysis of RNA:DNA hybrids, nucleotide sequence, identification of a polymorphic MspI site, and general structural organization of apolipoprotein genes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 260 (28): 15222–31. PMID 2415515.
4. "Entrez Gene: APOA2 apolipoprotein A-II".
5. Pussinen PJ, Jauhiainen M, Metso J, Pyle LE, Marcel YL, Fidge NH, Ehnholm C (Jan 1998). "Binding of phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) to apolipoproteins A-I and A-II: location of a PLTP binding domain in the amino terminal region of apoA-I". Journal of Lipid Research. 39 (1): 152–61. PMID 9469594.

Further reading

• Blanco-Vaca F, Escolà-Gil JC, Martín-Campos JM, Julve J (Nov 2001). "Role of apoA-II in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis: advances in the study of an enigmatic protein". Journal of Lipid Research. 42 (11): 1727–39. PMID 11714842.
• Kalopissis AD, Pastier D, Chambaz J (Apr 2003). "Apolipoprotein A-II: beyond genetic associations with lipid disorders and insulin resistance". Current Opinion in Lipidology. 14 (2): 165–72. doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000064047.08840.50. PMID 12642785.
• Vollmer E, Brust J, Roessner A, Bosse A, Burwikel F, Kaesberg B, Harrach B, Robenek H, Böcker W (1991). "Distribution patterns of apolipoproteins A1, A2, and B in the wall of atherosclerotic vessels". Virchows Archiv A. 419 (2): 79–88. doi:10.1007/BF01600220. PMID 1908160.
• Deeb SS, Takata K, Peng RL, Kajiyama G, Albers JJ (Apr 1990). "A splice-junction mutation responsible for familial apolipoprotein A-II deficiency". American Journal of Human Genetics. 46 (4): 822–7. PMC 1683675. PMID 2107739.
• Gordon JI, Sims HF, Edelstein C, Scanu AM, Strauss AW (Nov 1985). "Extracellular processing of proapolipoprotein A-II in Hep G2 cell cultures is mediated by a 54-kDa protease immunologically related to cathepsin B". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 260 (27): 14824–31. PMID 2414299.
• Lackner KJ, Law SW, Brewer HB (Jun 1985). "The human apolipoprotein A-II gene: complete nucleic acid sequence and genomic organization". Nucleic Acids Research. 13 (12): 4597–608. doi:10.1093/nar/13.12.4597. PMC 321808. PMID 2989800.
• Knott TJ, Wallis SC, Robertson ME, Priestley LM, Urdea M, Rall LB, Scott J (Sep 1985). "The human apolipoprotein AII gene: structural organization and sites of expression". Nucleic Acids Research. 13 (17): 6387–98. doi:10.1093/nar/13.17.6387. PMC 321960. PMID 2995928.
• Chan L, Moore MN, Tsao YK (1986). "Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human apolipoprotein A-II cDNA". Methods in Enzymology. 128: 745–52. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(86)28103-3. ISBN 978-0-12-182028-2. PMID 3088392.
• Middleton-Price HR, van den Berghe JA, Scott J, Knott TJ, Malcolm S (Jul 1988). "Regional chromosomal localisation of APOA2 to 1q21-1q23". Human Genetics. 79 (3): 283–5. doi:10.1007/BF00366253. PMID 3136074.
• Shelley CS, Sharpe CR, Baralle FE, Shoulders CC (Nov 1985). "Comparison of the human apolipoprotein genes. Apo AII presents a unique functional intron-exon junction". Journal of Molecular Biology. 186 (1): 43–51. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(85)90255-4. PMID 3935800.
• Brewer HB, Lux SE, Ronan R, John KM (May 1972). "Amino acid sequence of human apoLp-Gln-II (apoA-II), an apolipoprotein isolated from the high-density lipoprotein complex". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 69 (5): 1304–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.69.5.1304. PMC 426687. PMID 4338591.
• Lux SE, John KM, Ronan R, Brewer HB (Dec 1972). "Isolation and characterization of the tryptic and cyanogen bromide peptides of apoLp-Gln-II (apoA-II), plasma high density apolipoprotein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 247 (23): 7519–27. PMID 4344225.
• Moore MN, Kao FT, Tsao YK, Chan L (Aug 1984). "Human apolipoprotein A-II: nucleotide sequence of a cloned cDNA, and localization of its structural gene on human chromosome 1". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 123 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(84)90371-1. PMID 6089788.
• Lackner KJ, Law SW, Brewer HB (Sep 1984). "Human apolipoprotein A-II: complete nucleic acid sequence of preproapo A-II". FEBS Letters. 175 (1): 159–64. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(84)80590-6. PMID 6090207.
• Gordon JI, Budelier KA, Sims HF, Edelstein C, Scanu AM, Strauss AW (Nov 1983). "Biosynthesis of human preproapolipoprotein A-II". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 258 (22): 14054–9. PMID 6315718.
• Sharpe CR, Sidoli A, Shelley CS, Lucero MA, Shoulders CC, Baralle FE (May 1984). "Human apolipoproteins AI, AII, CII and CIII. cDNA sequences and mRNA abundance". Nucleic Acids Research. 12 (9): 3917–32. doi:10.1093/nar/12.9.3917. PMC 318799. PMID 6328445.
• Stoffel W, Krüger E, Deutzmann R (Mar 1983). "Cell-free translation of human liver apolipoprotein AI and AII mRNA. Processing of primary translation products". Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie. 364 (3): 227–37. doi:10.1515/bchm2.1983.364.1.227. PMID 6407957.
• Knott TJ, Priestley LM, Urdea M, Scott J (May 1984). "Isolation and characterisation of a cDNA encoding the precursor for human apolipoprotein AII". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 120 (3): 734–40. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(84)80168-0. PMID 6428397.
• Lackner KJ, Law SW, Brewer HB, Sakaguchi AY, Naylor SL (Aug 1984). "The human apolipoprotein A-II gene is located on chromosome 1". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 122 (3): 877–83. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(84)91172-0. PMID 6433912.