Tenerife giant rat
| Tenerife giant rat Temporal range: Late Pleistocene | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Skull housed in Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre in Santa Cruz de Tenerife. | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Muridae |
| Subfamily: | Murinae |
| Genus: | †Canariomys |
| Species: | †C. bravoi |
| Binomial name | |
| Canariomys bravoi Crusafont Pairó & Petter, 1964 | |
The Tenerife giant rat (Canariomys bravoi) is an extinct species of rodent endemic to the island of Tenerife, the largest of the Canary Islands, Spain. Many remains have been found during archeological digs. Most remains are from the Pleistocene. Radiocarbon dating has placed some of the finds in the late Pleistocene.[1]
Discovery
Fossilized remains of this animal have been found practically in every part of the island, but especially in deposits in caves or volcanic pipes of the island, where it often appears together with remains of other species such as the giant lizards (Gallotia goliath). In particular, its bony remains have been discovered in large amounts in the deposit of Buenavista del Norte (in the northwest of Tenerife).
Their fossils date back to the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs. The first fossils were found by the naturalist Telesforo Bravo, from whom the name of the rodent is derived. Biologists Crusafont-Pairó and Petter first described the giant rat in 1964.
The giant rat, along with some other endemic species of the islands, became extinct due to the activities of the initial human colonists, the Guanches, who arrived around 1000 BC, including their introduction of feral cats.
Today, the Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre in Santa Cruz de Tenerife exhibits fossil skulls and bones of this animal, as well as faithful reconstructions. Another giant rat of the Canary Islands was Canariomys tamarani.
Description
This species was a big rat of about 1 kg (2.2 lb) or more.[2] It had a cranium that reached up to seven centimetres in length. Including the tail, the rat was over 1.14 m (3 ft 9 in), making it the largest of its family (at least in the Canaries).
See also
- List of extinct animals
- List of African animals extinct in the Holocene
- List of extinct animals of Europe
- Island gigantism
References
- ↑ Michaux, J., N. Lopez-Martinez, and J. J. Hernadez-Pachero. 1996. A 14C dating of Canariomys bravoi (Mammalia, Rodentia), the extinct giant rat from Tenerife. (Canary Islands, Spain), and the recent history of the endemic mammals in the archipelago Vie et Milieu 46:261–266.
- ↑ Musser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. (2005). "Superfamily Muroidea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1357. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.