List of Ukrainian rulers

This list encompasses all rulers and leaders of what is today Ukraine, from ancient to modern times.

The term "Ukrainians" is used according to the modern definition of "the inhabitants of the land Ukraine"[1] not just those who identify with the ethnic group. This list includes only local rulers whose seat of power was located in the modern Ukraine and only the rulers whose power was derived directly from the people of the territory at the time, and does not include the governors who received their authority from some foreign powers (as during Lithuanian, Polish, Hungarian, Austrian, Russian, Czechoslovakian and Romanian overlordship).

This is not a list of sovereigns. Throughout its history the territory of modern Ukraine had various forms of governance from monarchies to democratic republics.

Antiquity (c. 500 BC – 16 BC)

Scythian kings[2]

Main article: Scythia
Scythian king Skilurus, relief from Scythian Neapolis, Crimea, 2nd century BC

Scythia was a loose state that originated as early as the 8th century BC. Little is known of them and their rulers. Most detailed description came down to us from Herodotus.

Kings of Cimmerian Bosporus

A silver coin depicting Mithradates VI of Pontus

The shores of Crimea were settled by Greeks since the 7th century BC. The kingdom was established around 480 BC. It was ruled by three consecutive dynasties: Archaenactidae (480 BC – 438 BC), Spartocids (438 BC – 108 BC), and Pontids (108 BC – 16 BC). After Pontids the territory became a Roman client kingdom.

Pontids

Migration period (c. 200 – c. 800)

In Eastern Europe the The Great Migration Period kicked off with the descent of the Goths from the Baltic region into the territory of modern Ukraine, about AD 200. They either took over or assimilated with the local Slavic tribes. The Goths were in turn pushed out by aggressively encroaching Huns, about 375. The Goths went on to conquer Southern Europe and the Huns moved to the Balkans and created a Hunnic Empire which lasted for a hundred years. After splitting of the Empire, some of the Huns moved back north in the territories of modern Ukraine and formed Patria Onoguria, now known as Old Great Bulgaria. In the 7th century Onoguria largely defected to Khazaria – an expanding Turkic state centered in the North Caucuses which controlled the Eurasian steppe until the 9th century.

Gothic rulers

Main article: Chernyakhov culture

In 238, the Goths for the first time passed the Danube, and took to the Black Sea. The division of the Goths (Thervingi-Vesi and Greuthungi-Ostrogothi) is first attested in 291.

Tervingi

The Balti dynasty, Balth(e)s, Baltungs, or Balthings, existed among the Tervingi ("forest people"), called later the Visigothi. The names of the Drevlyans and the Gothic Tervingi in Ukraine have often been adduced as parallels to agac-ari ("forest men" in Turkic).

Greuthungi

The Amali dynasty, Amals, Amaler, or Amalings of the Greuthungi ("steppe dwellers" or "people of the pebbly coasts"), called later the Ostrogothi.

Hunnic rulers

Main article: Huns

Rulers of Patria Onoguria

Main article: Bulgars

According to Zakarius Rhetor and Priscus Rhetor, Patria Onoguria was a vulgar statelet in alliance with Byzantium established in 463 around Azov having been forced west upon the Akatziroi by the Sabirs who in turn were being attacked. Its 7th century period is commonly referred to as Old Great Bulgaria (~600–~690).

Khazar rulers

Main articles: Khazars and Rus' Khaganate

Khazar Khaganate controlled much of what is today southern and eastern Ukraine until the 10th century.

Rulers of Kiev and Kievan Rus' (c. 375/800 – 1240/1362)

Legendary and historical rulers of Kiev

Portrait Name Born-Died Ruled From Ruled Until
Bozh (Bož, Boz, Booz, Box), a king of Antes, the east Slavic people 4th century ? 376
Alyp-bi (Baltazár), the son of Balambér aka Bülümer, a khan of the Western Huns who was buried on Kuyantau mountain (current Kiev) 4th century 378 390
Kyi, a legendary founder of Kiev, a Slavic prince of Kuyavia, most likely eastern Polans 5th–6th centuries482?
Oleg (Helge or Helgi), probably of Danish or Swedish origin, an apocryphal Kiev voivode, under the overlordship of the Khazar Khaganate8th century??
Bravlin, probably of Swedish origin,[3] a Varangian voivode in the Rus' Khaganate8th–9th centuriesc. 790c. 810
Askold and Dir (Høskuldr and Dýri),[4] probably of Swedish origin, Varangian konungs, not Rurikids, were rulers (khagans) of Kiev, not Kievan Rus' ? - 882 c. 842[5] 882

Rurik Dynasty

The Rurikids were descendants of Rurik (Hrørekr), a Varangian pagan konung or chieftain, who supposedly was of haplogroup N1c1, which is common among Finno-Ugric peoples and not so rare in Baltic region.[6]

All the rulers of Kievan Rus' before the conversion of Vladimir I and all the country to Christianity are Pagan rulers, except Olga of Kiev.

Portrait Name Born Reign Marriage (s) Death Notes
Rurik I
(Рюрик)
Old Norse: Rørik		 Unknown 862-879 Unknown
at least one son		 879 Ruled as Prince of Novgorod. Founder of the family.
Oleg the Seer
(Олег Віщий)
Old Norse: Helgi[7]		 Unknown 879-912 Unknown 912 Varangian kniaz of Holmgård (Novgorod) and Kønugård (Kiev). His relationship with the family is unknown. He was probably a regent, in name of Igor, son of Rurik.
Igor I the Old
Igor Rurikovich
(Ігор Старий[8])
Old Norse: Ingvar Röreksson		 c.878
Son of Rurik		 912-945 Olga of Kiev
901 or 902
at least one son 		945
Iskorosten
aged 66–67
Saint Olga of Kiev
(Saint Olga)
(Свята Ольга)
Old Norse: Helga		 c.890
Pskov		 945-962 Igor I the Old
901 or 902
at least one son 		11 July 969
Kiev
aged 78–79		 Regent on behalf of her minor son, she was baptized by Emperor Constantine VII but failed to bring Christianity to Kiev.
Sviatoslav I the Brave
Sviatoslav Igorevich
(Святосла́в Хоро́брий)
Old Norse: Sveinald Ingvarsson[9]		 c.942
possibly Kiev
Son of Igor I the Old and Saint Olga of Kiev		 962-972 Predslava
c.954
two sons

Malusha/Malfrida[10][11]
c.958
at least one son 		March 972
Khortytsia
aged 29–30		 The first true ruler of Rus' who destroyed the Khazar Khaganate and united all of the Rus' principalities under the Kiev throne.
Yaropolk I
Yaropolk Sviatoslavich
(Яропо́лк Святосла́вич)
Old Norse: Iaropolk Sveinaldsson		 c.950
Son of Sviatoslav I the Brave and Predslava		 972-980 A Greek nun
at least one son 		980
Fort of Roden, near Kaniv
aged 29–30		 Supposedly was baptised into Catholicism, and then was murdered by two Varangians.
Vladimir I the Great
Vladimir Basil Sviatoslavich
(Володимир Великий/Володимѣръ Свѧтославичь)
Old Norse: Valdamarr Sveinaldsson		 c.958
Budyatychi
Son of Sviatoslav I the Brave and Malusha/Malfrida		 980-1015 Olava/Allogia
c.977
at least one son

A Greek nun
(widow of his brother)
c.980
at least one son

Rogneda of Polotsk
c.978
(possibly in bigamy)
eight children

Adela (of Bulgaria?)
at least two children (maximum four)

Malfrida (of Bohemia?)
Before 1000
two children

Anna Porphyrogenita of Byzantium
988
Cherson
three children

Regelindis (?) of Saxony (granddaughter of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor)
After 1011
one or two daughters

Unknown
two children		 15 July 1015
Berestove, Kiev
aged 57–58		 His early rule is characterized by a staunch pagan reaction but in 988 he was baptized into Orthodoxy and successfully converted Kievan Rus' to Christianity.
Sviatopolk I the Accursed
Sviatopolk Yaropolkovich
(Святополк Окаянний)
Old Norse: Sveinpolk Iaropolksson		 c.980
Son of Sviatoslav I the Brave and Predslava		 1015-1019 Unknown name
(daughter of Bolesław I of Poland)
no children		 1019
aged 38–39
Yaroslav I the Wise
Yaroslav George Vladimirovich
(Яросла́в Му́дрий)
Old Norse: Jarizleifr Valdamarrsson[12] 		c.978
Son of Vladimir I the Great and Rogneda of Polotsk		 1019-1054 Ingigerda of Sweden
1019
Novgorod
eight or nine children		 20 February 1054
Vyshhorod
aged 75–76		 Prince of Rostov, Prince of Novgorod, and Grand Prince of Kiev; during his reign Kievan Rus' reached the pinnacle of its power.
Iziaslav I
Iziaslav Demetrius Yaroslavich
(Ізяслав Ярославич)
Old Norse: Izjasleifr(?) Jarizleifsson		 c.1024
Son of Yaroslav I the Wise and Ingigerda of Sweden		 1054-1068

1069-1073

1076-1078		 Gertrude of Poland
1043
three children		 3 October 1078
Nizhyn
aged 53–54		 Reigned three times, threatened by the power of his relatives Vseslav of Polotsk (1068–69) and Sviatoslav II of Kiev (1073-76). First King of Rus', Pope Gregory VII sent him a crown from Rome in 1075.
Vseslav I the Seer
Vseslav Basil Bryacheslavich
(Всеслав Брячиславич)		 c.1039
Polotsk
Son of Bryachislav of Polotsk		 1068-1069 Unknown
six sons		 24 April 1101
Polotsk
aged 61–62		 A brief ruler during Iziaslav's official reign. Also Prince of Polotsk.
Sviatoslav II
Sviatoslav Nicholas Yaroslavich
(Святослав Ярославич)
Old Norse: Sveinald Jarizleifsson		 c.1027
Kiev
Son of Yaroslav I the Wise and Ingigerda of Sweden		 1073-1076 Cecilia of Dithmarschen [13]
Between 1043 and 1047
five children

Oda of Staden (Nordmark)
c.1065
one son		 27 December 1076
Kiev
aged 48–49		 A brief ruler during his brother Iziaslav's official reign.
Vsevolod I
Vsevolod Andrew Yaroslavich
(Всеволод Ярославич)
Old Norse: Vissivald Jarizleifsson		 c.1030
Son of Yaroslav I the Wise and Ingigerda of Sweden		 1078-1093 Anastasia of Byzantium
c.1053
two children

Anna of Cumania
c.1070
four children		 13 April 1093
Vyshhorod
aged 62–63		 Usurped the throne from his nephew, Yaropolk Iziaslavich.
Saint Yaropolk (III) Izyaslavich
Yaropolk Peter Iziaslavich
(Ярополк Ізяславич)
Old Norse: Iaropolk Izjasleifsson (?)		 c.1043
Son of Iziaslav I and Gertrude of Poland		 1078-1087 Kunigunde of Meissen
c.1071
four children		 22 November 1087
Zvenyhorod
aged 62–63		 As hereditary King of Rus (title assumed until his death), was a legitimate contestant for the throne, usurped by his uncle.
Sviatopolk II
Sviatopolk Michael Iziaslavich
(Всеволод Ярославич)
Old Norse: Sveinpolk Izjasleifsson (?)		 8 November 1050
Son of Iziaslav I and Gertrude of Poland		 1093-1113 Unknown name
(daughter of Spytihněv II of Bohemia)[14]
c.1085
three children

Olenna of the Kipchaks
c.1094
four children		 26 April 1113
Vyshhorod
aged 62		 Recovered the throne of his father from his uncle. However, his descendants lost their rights to the Kievan throne.
Vladimir II Monomakh
Vladimir Basil Vsevolodovich
(Володимир Мономах)
Old Norse: Valdamarr Vissivaldsson		 1053
Son of Vsevolod I and Anastasia of Byzantium		 1113-1125 Gytha of Wessex
c.1074
five or six children

Euphemia of Byzantium
c.1100
six or seven children

Unknown name
(daughter of Aepa Ocenevich, Khan in Cumania)
After 1107
no known children		 19 May 1125
Kiev
aged 71–72		 He is considered to be the last ruler of the united Kievan Rus'.
Mstislav I the Great
Mstislav Theodore Vladimirovich
(Мстислав Великий)
Old Norse: Haraldr Valdamarrsson		 1 June 1076
Turov
Son of Vladimir II Monomakh and Gytha of Wessex		 1125-1132 Christina of Sweden
1095
ten children

Liubava Dmitrievna of Novgorod
1122
two children		 14 April 1132
Kiev
aged 55		 After his reign Kievan Rus' fell into recession starting a rapid decline.

Decline of Kievan Rus'

After the Council of Liubech in 1097 Kievan Rus' entered a feudal period and was divided into principalities ruled by the Rurikid family princes who were in a constant power struggle with each other. Major principalities were: Galicia-Volhynia, Kiev, Chernigiv, and Pereyaslavl. In the period of 1240–1362, the three latter ones were forced to accept the Golden Horde overlordship.


Grand Prince of Kiev
Portrait Name Born-Died Ruled From Ruled Until
Yaropolk II, brother of Mstislav I.1082–113911321139
Viacheslav I, brother of Yaropolk II and Mstislav II. First time. 1083–115411391139
Vsevolod II, married Maria, sister of Mstislav I, Yaropolk II and Viacheslav I.?–114611391146
Igor II, brother of Vsevolod II. ?–114711461146
Iziaslav II, son of Mstislav I and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden. First time 1097–115411461149
Yuri I Dolgorukiy, first time 1099–115711491151
Viacheslav I, Second time, jointly with Iziaslav II 1083–115411511154
Iziaslav II, second time, jointly with Viacheslav I. 1097–115411511154
Rostislav I, brother of Iziaslav II. First time1110–116711541154
Iziaslav III, grandson of Sviatoslav II. First time.?–116211541155
Yuri I Dolgorukiy, second time. 1099–115711551157
Iziaslav III, second time.?–116211571158
Rostislav I, second time. Jointly with Iziaslav III in 1162. 1110–116711581167
Iziaslav III, third time, jointly with Rostislav I.?–116211621162
Mstislav II, son of Iziaslav II and Agnes of Germany. First time. ?–117211671169
Gleb, son of Yuri Dolgorukiy. First time.?–117111691169
Mstislav II, second time. ?–117211701170
Gleb, second time.?-117111701171
Vladimir III, son of Mstislav I the Great and Liubava Dmitrievna.1132–117311711171
Michael I, half-brother of Gleb.?–117611711171
Roman I, son of Rostislav I and Agnes of Swabia. First time.?–118011711173
Vsevolod III the Big Nest, brother of Michael I.1154–121211731173
Rurik Rostislavich, brother of Roman I. First time.?–121511731173
Sviatoslav III, son of Vsevolod II. First time.?–119411741174
Yaroslav II, son of Iziaslav II. First time.?–118011741175
Roman I, second time.?–118011751177
Sviatoslav III, second time.?–119411771180
Yaroslav II, second time.?–118011801180
Rurik Rostislavich, second time.?–121511801182
Sviatoslav III, third time.?–119411821194
Rurik Rostislavich, third time.?–121511941202
Igor III, son of Yaroslav II. First time.?–?12021202
Rurik Rostislavich, fourth time, jointly with Roman II and Rostislav II (until 1205).?–121512031205
Roman II the Great, son of Mstislav II. In his first time ruled jointly with Rurik and Rostislav II (until 1205). 1160–120512031205
Rostislav II, son of Rurik Rostislavich. Ruled jointly with his father 1204–1206 and with Roman II 1204–1205.1173–121412041206
Rurik Rostislavich, fifth time, jointly with his son Rostislav II.?–121512061206
Vsevolod IV the Red, son of Sviatoslav III. His baptismal name was "Daniil" (Daniel). First time.?–121212061207
Rurik Rostislavich, sixth and last time.?–121512071210
Vsevolod IV the Red, second time.?–121212101212
Igor III, second time.?–?12121214
Mstislav III, son of Roman I.?–122312141223
Vladimir IV, brother of Rostislav II.1187–123912231235
Iziaslav IV, a member of Rurik dynasty, descendant of Rurik . 1186–?12351236
Yaroslav III, son of Vsevolod the Big Nest. First time1191–124612361238
Michael II, son of Vsevolod IV. First time.1185–124612381239
Rostislav III, son of Michael II.1210–126212391239
Daniel, son of Roman II the Great.1201–126412391240
Michael II, second time.1185–124612411246
Yaroslav III, second time1191–124612461246
St. Alexander Nevsky, son of Yaroslav III.1220–1263 12461263
Yaroslav IV, brother of Alexander.1230–127112631271
Lev, son of Daniel. 1228–130112711301
Volodymyr-Ivan Ivanovich ?–?1301?
Stanislav Ivanovich 1228–1301?1321
Princes of Pereyaslavl
Princes of Chernihiv

Kings and Princes of Galicia-Volhynia (1199–1349)

Galicia-Volhynia was a Ruthenian (Ukrainian) state in Galicia and Volhynia. Depending on the title of the ruler it was called either principality or kingdom. The first king, Coloman of Galicia-Lodomeria, was crowned in 1215, although the first nominal king of Galicia was Andrew II of Hungary, the son of Béla III of Hungary, who reigned from 1188 to 1190.

Portrait Name Born-Died Ruled From Ruled Until
Roman II the Great, Prince of Novgorod (1168–1170), Prince of Volhynia (1170–1188, 1189–1205), Prince of Halych (1188, 1199–1205), and Grand Prince of Kiev (1204–1205)fl.1160–120511991205
Coloman of Galicia-Lodomeria, Hungarian prince Kálmán, Prince of Halych (1214–15), became the first anointed and crowned and King of Galicia-Volhynia (rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae) in 12151208–124112141219
Daniel I of Galicia, held many titles since early childhood culminating with the crowning by a papal legate, archbishop Opizo, in Dorohychyn in 1253, King of Rus', Grand Prince of Kiev1201–126412051264
Lev I, King of Rus', Prince of Belz (1245–1264), Prince of Peremyshl and Halych (1264–1269) who moved the capital of Galicia from Kholm to Lviv in 1272, Grand Prince of Kiev (1271–1301)1228–130112931301
Yuri I, King of Rus', Prince of Belz (1264–1301)fl.1252–130813011308
Andrew II and Lev II, Kings of Rus', princes, joint rule, the last members of the Rurikid dynasty to rule Ukraine?–132313081323
Yuri II-Boleslaw, natus dux et dominus Russiae, a member of the Piast dynasty (the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland)1308–134013251340
Liubartas, prince, a member of the Gediminid dynasty, the last Ruthenian-Lithuanian ruler of Galicia-Volhynia, Prince of Volhynia (1323–1384)c. 1300–1384 13401349

In 1349, Liubartas lost all territories, except for eastern Volhynia, to Casimir III of Poland. In 1366, a Polish-Lithuanian treaty was signed: eastern Volhynia with Lutsk retained under Liubartas' rule (the Grand Duchy of Lithuania), while Galicia, western Volhynia, and western Podolia were annexed by the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland.

In the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1362–1569) and Kingdom of Poland (1569–1667/1793)

Princes of Kiev

In early 1320s, a Lithuanian army led by Gediminas defeated a Slavic army led by Stanislav of Kiev at the Battle on the Irpen' River, and conquered the city. The Tatars, who also claimed Kiev, retaliated in 1324–1325, so while Kiev was ruled by a Lithuanian prince, it had to pay a tribute to the Golden Horde. Finally, as a result of the Battle of Blue Waters in 1362, Kiev and surrounding areas were incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania.

Kostiantyn Vasyl Ostrozky

Voivodes of Kiev

Main article: Kiev Voivodeship

When the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was formed by the Union of Lublin in 1569, Kiev and surrounding areas, Podolia, Volhynia, and Podlaskie, as the Kiev Voivodeship, Bratslav Voivodeship, Volhynian Voivodeship, and Podlaskie Voivodeship, were transferred from Lithuania to Poland.

Crimean khans (1441–1783)

Main article: List of Crimean khans

Crimean Tatars were not of the Ukrainian ethnos. Their Crimean Khanate ruled a large part of modern Ukraine, with a capital at Bakhchisaray.

Meñli I Giray (centre) with the eldest son, future khan Mehmed I Giray (left) and Turkish sultan Bayezid II (right)
İslâm III. Giray
Date of Reign Name Notes
1441–1466 Hacı I Giray
1466–1467 Nur Devlet first reign
1467 Meñli I Giray first reign
1467–1469 Nur Devlet second reign
1469–1475 Meñli I Giray second reign
1475 Hayder
1475–1476 Nur Devlet third reign
1476–1478 dynasty dismissed from power
1478–1515 Meñli I Giray third reign
1515–1523 Mehmed I Giray
1523–1524 Ğazı I Giray
1524–1532 Saadet I Giray
1532 İslâm I Giray
1532–1551 Sahib I Giray
1551–1577 Devlet I Giray
1577–1584 Mehmed II Giray
1584 Saadet II Giray
1584–1588 İslâm II Giray
1588–1596 Ğazı II Giray first reign
1596 Fetih I Giray
1596–1607 Ğazı II Giray second reign
1607–1608 Toqtamış Giray
1608–1610 Selâmet I Giray
1610–1623 Canibek Giray first reign
1623–1628 Mehmed III Giray †
1628–1635 Canibek Giray second reign
1635–1637 İnayet Giray
1637–1641 Bahadır I Giray
1641–1644 Mehmed IV Giray first reign
1644–1654 İslâm III Giray
1654–1666 Mehmed IV Giray second reign
1666–1671 Adil Giray
1671–1678 Selim I Giray first reign
1678–1683 Murad Giray
1683–1684 Hacı II Giray
1684–1691 Selim I Giray second reign
1691 Saadet III Giray
1691–1692 Safa Giray
1692–1699 Selim I Giray third reign
1699–1702 Devlet II Giray first reign
1702–1704 Selim I Giray fourth reign
1704–1707 Ğazı III Giray
1707–1708 Qaplan I Giray first reign
1709–1713 Devlet II Giray second reign
1713–1715 Qaplan I Giray second reign
1716–1717 Devlet III Giray
1717–1724 Saadet IV Giray
1724–1730 Meñli II Giray first reign
1730–1736 Qaplan I Giray third reign
1736–1737 Fetih II Giray
1737–1740 Meñli II Giray second reign
1740–1743 Selamet II Giray
1743–1748 Selim II Giray
1748–1756 Arslan Giray first reign
1756–1758 Halim Giray
1758–1764 Qırım Giray first reign
1765–1767 Selim III Giray first reign
1767 Arslan Giray second reign
1767–1768 Maqsud Giray
1768–1769 Qırım Giray second reign
1769–1770 Devlet IV Giray first reign
1770 Qaplan II Giray
1770–1771 Selim III Giray second reign
1771–1775 Sahib II Giray †
1775–1777 Devlet IV Giray second reign
1777–1782 Şahin Giray first reign
1782 Bahadır II Giray
1782–1783 Şahin Giray second reign
† The reigns of Canibek Giray in 1624 and of Maqsud Giray in 1771–1772 are not listed. Though these khans were formally appointed by Ottoman sultans they did not reach the throne and did not rule Crimea. In the years mentioned, the authority in the Crimean Khanate was exercised by Mehmed III Giray and Sahib II Giray correspondingly.
Note: The nominal khans Şahbaz Giray (1787–1789) and Baht Giray (1789–1792) mentioned in some works are not listed in this table as they did not rule the Crimean Khanate annexed by Russian Empire in 1783.

Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks (1506–1775)

A Hetman was a military and civil leader, democratically elected by the Cossacks.

Hetmans and commanders of Ukrainian Cossacks

Several Cossack regiments were operating in Ukraine at this time that were largely independent of each other, so some of the Hetmans' tenures overlap.

1486 - 1492   Yuri Pats   governor of Kyiv; organizer Cossack units.
1488 - 1495   Bogdan Glinski   Cossack leader, destroyer Ochakov.
1492 - 1505   Dmitry Putyatych  Cossack leader.
1510 - 1524   Senka Polozovych   governor of Kyiv; Cossack leader.
1514 - 1535   Ostap Dashkevych  Cossack leader.
1516 - 1528   Przecław Lanckoroński   Cossack leader.
1550 - 1557   Dmytro Vyshnevetsky   founder of the fortress at Minor Khortytsia.
1568   Birulya governmental   Cossack leader.
1568   Carp Oil   Cossack leader.
1568   Andrush   Moldavian boyar Cossack leader.
1568   Lisun   Cossack leader.
1568   Yatsko Belous   Cossack leader.
1568   Andrew Lyakh   Cossack leader.
1577 - 1578   Ioan Potcoavă   Cossack leader.
1578   Lukyan Chornynskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1581   Samuel Zborowski   Cossack leader, hetman.
1584   Bogdan Mykoshynskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1585   Michael Ruzhinskogo   Cossack leader, hetman.
1585   Kirik Ruzhinskogo   Cossack leader, hetman.
1585   Zachary Kulaga   Cossack leader, hetman.
1586   Lukyan Chornynskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1586   Bogdan Makoshynskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1588   Potrebatskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1589   Zachary Kulaga   Cossack leader, hetman.
1594   Bogdan Mykoshynskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1594 - 1596   Hryhoriy Loboda   Cossack leader.
1594 - 1596   Severyn Nalyvaiko   Cossack leader.
1596   Matthew Shaul   Cossack leader, hetman.
1596   Krzysztof Krempskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1596   Krzysztof Nechkovskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1596 - 1597   Gnat Vasiljevic   Cossack leader, hetman.
1597   Tykhin Baybuza   Cossack leader, hetman.
1598   Florian Giedroyc   Cossack leader.
1598   Mitlovskyy   Cossack leader.
1602 - 1603   John Kutskovych   Cossack leader, hetman.
1603   John Oblique   Cossack leader, hetman.
1606   Gregory Izapovych   Cossack leader, hetman.
1606   Samuel Zborowski   Cossack leader, hetman.
1606   Olevchenko Bogdan   Cossack leader, hetman.
1617   Dmitry Barabash   Cossack leader, hetman.
1618   Michael Skiba   Cossack leader.
1619 - 1621   Yatsko Nerodych   Cossack leader, hetman.
1620   Peter Odynets   Cossack leader.
1624   Hryhoriy Chorny   Cossack leader, hetman.
1625   Theodore Pyrskyy   Cossack leader, hetman.
1628   Hryhoriy Chorny   Cossack leader, hetman.
1629 - 1630   Hryhoriy Chorny   Cossack leader, hetman.
1630   Taras Fedorovych   Cossack leader, hetman.
1632   Simon Tying   Cossack leader, hetman.
1632   Andrey Didenko   Cossack leader, hetman.
1633   Dorofiy Doroshenko   Cossack leader, acting hetman.
1633   kettlebell Kanevets   Cossack leader.
1633 - 1635   Ivan Sulyma   Cossack leader, hetman.
1636 - 1637   Basil Tomylenko   Cossack leader, hetman.
1637   Pavel Mikhnovych   Cossack leader, hetman.
1638   James Ostrainyn   Cossack leader, hetman.
1638   Dmytro Hunia   Cossack leader, hetman.
1639 - 1642   Carp half-housings   Cossack leader, hetman.
1642 - 1646   Maxim Gulak   Cossack leader, hetman.

Hetmans of the Cossack state

Following the Khmelnytsky uprising a new Cossack republic, the Hetmanate, was formed.

# Hetman Elected (event) Took office Left office
1 Bohdan Khmelnytsky
(1596–1657)
Зиновій-Богдан Хмельницький		 1648 (Sich) 26 January 1648 6 August 1657 died
2 Yurii Khmelnytsky
(1641–1685)
Юрій Хмельницький		 death of his father 6 August 1657 27 August 1657 reconsidered by the Council of Officers
3 Ivan Vyhovsky
(????–1664)
Іван Виговський		 1657 (Korsun) 27 August 1657
(confirmed: 21 October 1657)		 11 September 1659 surrendered title
4 Yurii Khmelnytsky
(1641–1685)
Юрій Хмельницький		 1659 (Hermanivka) 11 September 1659
(confirmed: 11 September 1659)		 October 1662 surrendered title

Hetmans during the Ruin

The Ruin (1660–1687) was a time in Ukrainian history when the country fell into disarray and chaos. Afterwards, the Cossack state emerged as a vassal of the Russian Empire. During this period a number of hetmans stayed in power for short periods of time and often controlled only parts of the country. Moreover, the Treaty of Andrusovo (1667) split the Cossack Hetmanate along the Dnieper River into Left-bank Ukraine, which enjoyed a degree of autonomy within the Tsardom of Russia; and Right-bank Ukraine which remained part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, at times (1672–1699) occupied by the Ottoman Empire.

Right-bank Ukraine Left-bank Ukraine
Polish protectorate
Russianй protectorate
1660—1663 Yurii Khmelnytsky 1660—1663 Yakym Somko
1663—1665 Pavlo Teteria 1663—1668 Ivan Briukhovetsky
1665—1668 Petro Doroshenko
Unification
1668—1669 Petro Doroshenko
Partition
Right-bank Ukraine Left-bank Ukraine
Osman protectorate
Polish protectorate
Russian protectorate
Swedish protectorate
1669—1676 Petro Doroshenko 1669—1674 Mykhailo Khanenko 1669—1672 Demian Mnohohrishny
1678—1681 Yurii Khmelnytsky 1675—1679 Ostap Gogol 1672—1687 Ivan Samoilovych
1681—1684 Gheorghe Duca 1683—1684 Stefan Kunicki
1685 Yurii Khmelnytsky 1684—1689 Andrii Mohyła
1687—1708 Ivan Mazepa
Unification
1708—1722 Ivan Skoropadsky 1708—1709 Ivan Mazepa
1708—1718 Pylyp Orlyk
1718—1742 Pylyp Orlyk 1722—1724 Pavlo Polubotok
1727—1734 Danylo Apostol
1750—1764 Kirill Razumovsky

In the Russian Empire (1667/1793–1917) and Austria-Hungary (1526/1772–1918)

After the dissolution of the Cossack Hetmanate, a new Malorossiyan collegium was established in 1764, and the Zaporozhian Host was disbanded in 1775. As a result of the second and third Partitions of Poland in 1793 and 1795, eastern and central parts of Ukraine were incorporated directly into the Russian Empire. Western Ukraine was annexed into the Habsburg Monarchy earlier, in the following order: Carpathian Ruthenia (1526), Galicia (1772), and Bukovina (1775).

The Russian Empire existed until 1917, and the Dual Monarchy, Austria–Hungary, existed until 1918.

Ukrainian People's Republic (1917–1921)

The Ukrainian People's Republic (UNR, 1917–1921) was formed after the Russian Revolution of 1917, and lasted until the Peace of Riga between Poland and Soviet Russia in March 1921. The leadership title varied and, despite a rather widespread misconception, none of them had the official title of president.

Chairmen of the Central Council

The Central Council (Tsentral’na rada) was the representative body governing the UNR.

  Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party

№ Portrait Name In Office From In Office Until Party
1 Mykhailo Hrushevskyi
1866–1934
 27 March 1917 29 April 1918 Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party

Hetman of the Ukrainian State

A very short lived Hetmanate was established by Pavlo Skoropadskyi in 1918.

# Hetman Elected (event) Took office Left office
1 Pavlo Skoropadskyi
1873–1945		 Russian Revolution of 1917 29 April 1918 14 December 1918 Removed from power in an uprising led by the social democrat Symon Petliura

Chairmen of the Directory

The Directorate of Ukraine was a provisional council of the UNR formed after Skoropadskyi's Hetmanate fell apart. On 22 January 1919, the Act of Unification of the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukrainian People's Republic was passed. The text of the universal was made by the members of the Directory.

  Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party

№ Portrait Name In Office From In Office Until Party
1 Volodymyr Vynnychenko
1880–1951
 14 December 1918 11 February 1919 Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party
2 Symon Petliura
1879–1926
 11 February 1919 7 May 1921 Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party

West Ukrainian People's Republic (1918–1919)

The government of the West Ukrainian People's Republic (WUNR) was proclaimed on 19 October 1918. WUNR was united with the Ukrainian People's Republic on 22 January 1919, although it was mostly a symbolic act while the western Ukrainians retained their own Ukrainian Galician Army and government structure. After the Polish-Ukrainian War (1918–1919), Poland took over most of territory of the West Ukrainian People's Republic by July 1919. Since November 1919, the government of the WUNR was in exile.

President of the Ukrainian National Republic

  Ukrainian People's Labor Party

№ Portrait Name In Office From In Office Until Party
1 Yevhen Petrushevych
1863–1940
 19 October 1918 15 March 1923 Ukrainian People's Labor Party

President of the Carpatho-Ukraine

  Christian People's Party

№ Portrait Name In Office From In Office Until Party
1 Avgustyn Voloshyn
1874–1945
 15 March 1939 16 March 1939 Christian People's Party

Ukrainian State (1941)

Prime Minister of the Ukrainian State

  Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists

№ Portrait Name In Office From In Office Until Party
1 Yaroslav Stetsko
1912–1986
 30 June 1941 9 July 1941 Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1918/1919–1991)

Ukraine was incorporated into the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on 30 December 1922.

Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine

Mykola Skrypnyk

First Secretary of the Central Committee

Executive Secretary of the Central Committee

First Secretaries of the Communist Party

General Secretaries of the Central Committee

First Secretaries of the Central Committee

Nikita Khrushchev

Ukraine (1991 – present)

On 5 July 1991, the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR passed a law establishing the post of the President of the Ukrainian SSR. The title was changed to the President of Ukraine upon the proclamation of independence (24 August 1991). The first election of the President of Ukraine was held on 1 December 1991.

Presidents

  Our Ukraine   Party of Regions   Batkivshchyna   Petro Poroshenko Bloc / UDAR   Independent / Non-partisan

№ Portrait Presidents Term of office Presidential mandate Affiliation
1 Leonid Kravchuk
(b. 1934)
Леонід Кравчук		 5 December 1991
Inauguration: 22 August 1992[a]		 19 July 1994 1991 — 61.59%
19,643,481		 Independent / Non-partisan
2 Leonid Kuchma
(b. 1938)
Леонід Кучма		 19 July 1994 14 November 1999 1994 — 52.3%
14,016,850		 Independent / Non-partisan
14 November 1999 23 January 2005 1999 — 57.7%
15,870,722
3 Viktor Yushchenko
(b. 1954)
Віктор Ющенко		 23 January 2005 25 February 2010 2004 — 51.99%
15,115,712		 Non-partisan (2004–2005)
Our Ukraine (2005–nowadays)
4 Viktor Yanukovych
(b. 1950)
Віктор Янукович		 25 February 2010 22 February 2014[b] 2010 — 48.95%
12,481,266		 Non-partisan[22]
(Supported by Party of Regions)
— Oleksandr Turchynov
(b. 1964)
Олександр Турчинов
(acting)		 22 February 2014 7 June 2014 ex officio
(as Chairman of Parliament, Article 112)		 Batkivshchyna
5 Petro Poroshenko
(b. 1965)
Петро Порошенко		 7 June 2014 Incumbent 2014 — 54.70%
9,857,308		 Non-partisan
(Supported by Petro Poroshenko Bloc & UDAR)

See also

References

  1. ↑ Definition of UKRAINIAN, Merriam-Webster
  2. ↑ uk:Скіфські царі
  3. ↑ Staraya Ladoga (Aldeigjuborg)
  4. ↑ Nordiska furstar lade grunden till Ryssland
  5. ↑ Suszko, Henryk (2003). Latopis hustyński. Opracowanie, przekład i komentarze. Slavica Wratislaviensia CXXIV. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego. ISBN 83-229-2412-7; Tolochko, Oleksiy (2010). The Hustyn' Chronicle. (Harvard Library of Early Ukrainian Literature: Texts). ISBN 978-1-932650-03-7
  6. ↑ DNA Testing of the Rurikid and Gediminid Princes
  7. ↑ Sveerne
  8. ↑ Історія України: Посібник - Олександр Палій - Google книги
  9. ↑ Leszek Moczulski, Narodziny Międzymorza, p.475, Bellona SA, Warszawa 2007 ISBN 978-83-11-10826-4
  10. ↑ Vladimir Plougin: Russian Intelligence Services: The Early Years, 9th-11th Centuries, Algora Publ., 2000
  11. ↑ History of Ukraine-Rus': From prehistory to the eleventh century, Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, 1997
  12. ↑ Also known as Jarisleif I. See Google books
  13. ↑
  14. ↑ According to A. Nazarenko. It was thought not long ago that the first wife of Sviatopolk was Barbara Komnene, a supposed daughter of Alexios I Komnenos. However, the lack of tradition of such a name in the Byzantine Empire led to doubt. Today she may be considered fictional.
  15. ↑ http://izbornyk.org.ua/dynasty/dyn40.htm
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Dimnik, Martin. The Dynasty of Chernigov – 1146–1246.
  17. ↑ Other source suggests that Yaroslav II Vsevolodovich ruled from 1181 (. Retrieved 13 April 2009), but his brother Sviatoslav Vsevolodovich became grand prince of Kiev in 1176 and promoted him to Chernigov; Dimnik, Martin op. cit. p 137.
  18. 1 2 A number of historians claim Igor Svyatoslavich died in 1202 (. Retrieved 13 April 2009); he most probably died in the spring of 1201, because most chronicles place the news of his death as the first entry for the year; Dimnik, Martin op. cit p. 237.
  19. 1 2 Some historians claim Gleb Svyatoslavich died in 1219 (. Retrieved 13 April 2009); he was last mentioned under 1215 and he died between 1215 and 1220; Dimnik, Martin op. cit p. 291.
  20. ↑ Under the year 1261, the chronicles report that prince Vasilko Romanovich of Volodymyr-Volynskyi gave away his daughter Olga as wife to Andrey Vsevolodovich of Chernigov. Based on this report, some historians claim that Andrey Vsevolodovich was the prince of Chernigov between 1245 and 1261 (. Retrieved 13 April 2009). However, the chronicler's identification of Andrey as a prince of Chernigov merely signified that he was an Olgovich (a member of the dynasty of Chernigov); Dimnik, Martin op. cit p. 380.
  21. ↑ The Lyubetskiy sinodik speaks of a certain "Lavrenty Vsevolod Yaropolchi"; R. V. Zotov suggests that Vsevolod succeeded Mikhail Vsevolodovich to Chernigov from 1246 to 1263(see also: . Retrieved 13 April 2009); the chronicles, however, do not support Zotov's assertions; Dimnik, Martin op. cit p. 380.
  22. ↑ Янукович припинив членство у Партії регіонів : Новини УНIАН
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