Haitian parliamentary election, 2015–16

Haitian parliamentary election, 2015-16
Haiti
9 August 2015 (first round)
25 October 2015 (second round)
20 November 2016 (second round)
Haiti
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Parliamentary elections were held in Haiti on 9 August 2015, with a second round planned initially on 25 October.[1][2] Two-thirds of the Senate and all members of the Chamber of Deputies were up for election.

The second round of the parliamentary elections that has been suspended in 2015 should take place in October 2016, alongside with the first round for a third of the Senate and the first round of the whole new presidential election.[3]

According to international observers, early rounds of voting have experienced significant fraud, including people voting more than once due to failure of indelible ink, vote buying due to lack of secrecy, poor training of election workers, poor tracking of political parties, and other problems.[4] This has resulted in the nullification of some results and scheduling of re-runs. The United States has withdrawn funding for the October 2016 round, though it financially supported previous rounds and observation by the Organization of American States.[5]

Electoral system

The 99 members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected in single-member constituencies using the two-round system; a second round will be held if no candidate wins a majority of the vote in the first round.[6] The second round will be held together with local elections and the first round of the presidential election.[1][2] In March 2015 a new electoral decree stated that the new Chamber of Deputies have 118 members, and the Senate will retain the 30 members.[7] On 13 March, President Martelly issued a decree that split the Cerca La Source in two constituencies, and therefore increasing the number of deputies up to 119.[8]

One-third of the 30-member Senate is elected every two years, also using the two-round system.[9] However, the previous scheduled Senate elections in May 2012 were not held, meaning two-thirds of the seats are due for elections in 2015.[10]

The Haitian election calendar were made as follows:

Date Election
9 August 2015 First round of parliamentary election (cancelled in 22 constituencies)
First round of Senate two-third election
25 October 2015 Second round of parliamentary election (constituencies that hadn't cancelled the 9 August election)
First round of parliamentary election (22 constituencies that cancelled the 9 August election)
Second round of Senate two-third election
24 April 2016 (Cancelled)[11] Second round of presidential election
Second round of parliamentary election (22 constituencies that cancelled the 9 August election and 2 that will have to repeat the October second round)[12][13]
9 October 2016 (postponed due to Hurricane Matthew)[14]
20 November 2016[15]

Campaign

A total of 2,037 candidates registered to contest the elections, representing 98 different political parties. However, 522 candidates were disqualified in a first instance, leaving 186 candidates for the Senate and 1,329 for the Chamber of Deputies. The Provisional Electoral Council updated the list of candidates on 26 June, with the inscription of 47 candidates for the Senate and 294 for the Chamber of Deputies that had been previously rejected, making a grand total of 233 candidates for senator and 1,624 for deputy.[16][17]

The number of candidates among the principal parties are shown here:

Party Candidates
Senators Deputies Total
Truth (Vérité) 15 100 115
Haitian Tèt Kale Party (Parti Haïtien Tèt Kale) 11 99 110
Fanmi Lavalas 16 83 99
Platfom Pitit Desalin 14 85 99
Fusion of Haitian Social Democrats 11 85 96
Renmen Ayiti 15 79 94
Struggling People's Organization 10 83 93
Convention for Democratic Unity 12 73 85
Pont 3 52 55
Patriotic Unity (Inite Patriyotik) 8 39 47
Respect (Respé) 6 36 42
Haiti in Action 4 36 40
PPG18 2 31 33
Patriotic Movement of the Democratic Opposition (MOPOD) 5 23 28
Peasant Platform Platfòm Peyizan 2 23 25
Christian Movement for a New Haiti 3 19 22
Other parties 96 677 774
Total 233 1,623 1,857
Sources:

On September 8, 2015, candidates of the Verité party withdrew from the elections.[18]

Results

Composition of the Chamber of Deputies after the election (gray on the right side denotes vacant seats).

According to the preliminary results given by the Electoral Committee, there were 1,046,516 valid votes for an electorate of 5,871,450, which represents a 17.82% turnout.[19] The elections were cancelled in 22 constituencies, and therefore there were no results for those districts.[20]

On September 28 the Electoral Committee released definitive results, and declared elected one senator from AAA (Haiti in Action) and one from LIDE (Ligue Dessalines). For the deputies' election, 8 deputies were elected: 4 candidates from PHTK (Haitian Tèt Kale Party), 2 from AAA (Haiti in Action), 1 from VERITE (Truth) and 1 from INITE PATRIYOTIK (Patriotic Unity).[21] The second round of the legislative election took place on October 25, along with the first round of the presidential election and the first round of the legislative election on the constituencies where the August election were cancelled.[22]

The results of October 25 second round for the Senate says that were elected 3 candidates from KID, 3 from Verité, 2 from PHTK, and one from Fanmi Lavalas, PONT, OPL and Pettit Dessalines each one.[23] In the deputies' election, 82 candidates were elected on the second round:[24]

These elected deputies should be added to the eight elected on the first round on 9 August. The second round at the districts where the election was repeated should take place on 27 December, but on 21 December the Electoral Committee announced that the elections were postponed indefinitely.[25]

The total of deputies and senators elected until December is stated below. There are still some seats not awarded pending second round elections in some constituencies, which were delayed along with the presidential run-off.

Party Senators Deputies
1st Round 2nd Round Total 1st Round 2nd Round Total
Haitian Tèt Kale Party (PHTK) 0 2 2 4 22 26
Truth (VERITE) 0 3 3 1 12 13
Konvansyon Inite Demokratik (KID) 0 3 3 0 7 7
Struggling People's Organization (OPL) 0 1 1 0 7 7
Fanmi Lavalas (FL) 0 1 1 0 6 6
Haiti in Action (AAA) 1 0 1 2 4 6
Patriotic Unity (INITE PATRIYOTIK) 0 0 0 1 3 4
Alternative League for Haitian Progress and Empowerment (LAPEH) 0 0 0 0 3 3
Fusion of Haitian Social Democrats (FSDH) 0 0 0 0 3 3
Reseau National Bouclier (BOUCLIER) 0 0 0 0 3 3
Renmen Ayiti 0 0 0 0 2 2
Tet Kole sous Chimen Devlopman pou un Nord'Ouest uni et Renonve (MOSANO) 0 0 0 0 2 2
Consortium des Partis Politiques (CONSORTIUM) 0 0 0 0 2 2
Pont 0 1 1 0 1 1
Platfom Pitit Desalin 0 1 1 0 1 1
Parti pour la Libération des Masses et d'Intégration Sociale (PALMIS) 0 0 0 0 1 1
Konbit Travaye Peyizan pou Libere Ayiti (KONTRA PEP LA) 0 0 0 0 1 1
Mouvement National Haïtien (MONHA) 0 0 0 0 1 1
Konsyans Patriotik (KP) 0 0 0 0 1 1
Federalist Party (PF) 0 0 0 0 1 1
Mouvement Action Socialiste (MAS) 0 0 0 0 1 1
Ligue Dessalinienne (LIDE) 1 0 1 0 0 0
Total 2 12 14 8 84 92
Sources: , ,

References

  1. 1 2 "Haiti first-round parliamentary elections held despite ′incidents′". Deutsche Welle. 10 August 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
  2. 1 2 "Calendrier électoral" (in French). Provisional Electoral Council. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
  3. ↑ Haiti - FLASH : Presidential Elections on October 9
  4. ↑ http://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article93333377.html
  5. ↑ http://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article90376627.html
  6. ↑ Electoral system IPU
  7. ↑ Haiti – Elections : Electoral Decree adopted, 19 more Deputies...
  8. ↑ IPU Database: Elections 2015
  9. ↑ Electoral system IPU
  10. ↑ "Haiti sets date for long overdue elections". BBC. 13 March 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
  11. ↑ http://www.plenglish.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4573131&Itemid=1
  12. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : Deputies - Final results of the 2nd round of October 25, 2015". Haiti Libre. 19 December 2015. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  13. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : Elections of January 24 are canceled !". HaitiLibre. 22 January 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
  14. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : The elections of October 9 postponed". Haiti Libre. 5 October 2016. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
  15. ↑ http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2016/10/14/97001-20161014FILWWW00362-haiti-nouvelles-dates-pour-les-elections.php
  16. ↑ CEP Releases Final List of Candidates for Legislative Elections Haiti Relief and Reconstruction Watch, 19 May 2015
  17. ↑ Haiti – FLASH : Final list of approved candidates Haiti Libre, 15 May 2015
  18. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : The platform VERITE withdraws from elections". Haiti-Libre. September 9, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
  19. ↑ "Haiti - News : Electoral Zapping...". Haiti-Libre. August 22, 2015. Retrieved August 28, 2015.
  20. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : Complete results of the elections of August 9, 2015". HaitiLibre. August 21, 2015. Retrieved August 22, 2015.
  21. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : Final results of the 1st round of legislative elections of August 9, 2015". Haiti-Libre. 28 September 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "Haiti - Elections : Official Changes in the electoral timetable". Haiti-Libre. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  23. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : Results of the senatorial elections of October 25, 2015". Haiti-Libre. 8 November 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  24. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : Deputation, election results of October 25, 2015". Haiti-Libre. 8 November 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  25. ↑ "Haiti - FLASH : Elections of December 27th postponed !". Haiti Libre. 21 December 2015. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
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