Kileler uprising

The Kileler uprising occurred in Thessaly, Kingdom of Greece, in March 1910, when local farmers engaged in mass protests against the extended privileges of landowners and the limitation of their own rights. The protest was brutally suppressed by the local militia; more than four protesters were killed and many of them were wounded.

Background

Rural areas in Thessaly as in other parts of the Ottoman Empire were regulated through the Chiflik system. While the chiflik owners held a semi-feudal status and received a part of the agricultural output they were obliged to provide housing for their farmers and weren't allowed to apply forced labour.^[1] As the living and working conditions of the farmers worsened, protests became more frequent especially after the assassination of figures like activist Marinos Antypas. The promises of Eleftherios Venizelos during his 1910 electoral campaign concerning agricultural reform further aggravated the farmers. In March 1910 the farmers organized a mass protest in Larissa and villagers from many areas of the prefecture travelled to city.

The Kileler incident began when several hundred farmers tried to travel by train to Larissa without buying tickets. When their request was rejected the farmers backed down but a confrontation occurred between them and the station supervisor, who asked for the intervention of the local militia that attacked the farmers killing two of them and wounding many others. When the train reached the station of Tsoular (modern Melia) it didn't stop to pick up farmers, of whom two were shot dead by the militia located inside the train. As news of the killings spread in Larissa clashes between the militia and the protesters became frequent.

Aftermath

Many of the farmers were tried for the events of the protests, but none were sentenced.

Eventually the need of the central government to use farmers as recruits and after 1922 the settlement of refugees from Asia Minor in Greece led to the implementation of a 1917 law regarding land redestribution.^[2]

Sources

↑ Reinders, Reinder. Pharos: Journal of the Netherlands Institute at Athens: Volume VXI (2008. Uitgeverij Van Gorcum. p. 88. ISBN 9780013802242.
↑ Lazaridis, Gabriella (2008-09-24). Women's work and lives in rural Greece: appearances and realities. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 13. ISBN 9780754612124. Retrieved 5 March 2012.

Socialism in Greece

Ideology	Modern Greek Enlightenment Pacifism Democratic socialism Agrarian socialism Marxism–Leninism Anti-imperialism Republicanism Left-wing nationalism

Organizations	Socialist Workers' Federation National Liberation Front Greek People's Liberation Army United Panhellenic Organization of Youth Political Committee of National Liberation Democratic Army of Greece Panhellenic Liberation Movement

Political Parties	Socialist Party of Greece Communist Party of Greece Agricultural and Labour Party Agricultural Party of Greece Democratic Alignment United Democratic Left PASOK Fighting Socialist Party of Greece Greek Left Democratic Social Movement Coalition of Left Movements and Ecology Communist Organization of Greece Coalition of the Radical Left

People	Rigas Feraios Marinos Antypas Avraam Benaroya Ion Dragoumis Pandelis Pouliopoulos Alexandros Papanastasiou Yiannis Ritsos Aris Velouchiotis Stefanos Sarafis Evripidis Bakirtzis Alexandros Svolos Nikos Zachariadis Markos Vafiadis Ilias Tsirimokos Charilaos Florakis Maria Damanaki Manolis Glezos Andreas Papandreou

Historical events	Kileler incident Greek Resistance Dekemvriana Greek Civil War Athens Polytechnic uprising

Policies	Demotic Greek Gender equality Social progressivism

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