Lachin District

Laçın
Rayon

Map of Azerbaijan showing Lachin Rayon
Country Azerbaijan - Nagorno Karabakh Republic
Capital Lachin
Area
 • Total 1,835 km2 (708 sq mi)
Population (2009)[1]
 • Total 72,000[α]
Postal code 4100
Telephone code (+994) 26[2]

Lachin (historically Berdzor) was part of the Artsakh and Syunik regions of historic Armenia for most of the ancient and medieval time. The shortest way between Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast and Armenia always passed through Lachin. In 1923 while drawing the borders of the NKAO (that was arbitrarily annexed from Armenia and transferred to Soviet Azerbaijan back in July 5, 1921) the Soviet Azerbaijani authorities deliberately excluded Lachin from the NKAO with this completely cutting the connection from Armenia. Lachin was reunited with Naghorno Karabakh on May 18 1992 after liberation by the NK self-defense forces during the Nagorno-Karabakh War.

History

It has been known by Turks as Abdalyar or Abdallyar (after the Turkic Abdal tribe).[3][4][5] It was granted town status in 1923 and renamed Lachin (a Turkic first name meaning falcon) in 1926.[3]

The district has one city, one settlement (Gayghi settlement) and 125 villages. It is located in the south west of Azerbaijan and is predominantly mountainous. The district shares borders with Kalbajar district in the north, Khojali, Shusha and Khojavand districts in the east, Gubadli district in the south and Armenia in the west.

Lachin district is an administrative rayon in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Established in 1930. Situated in the Lesser Caucasus, in the south-west of Azerbaijan. Bordered by Armenia on the west. It occupies an area of 1,835 square kilometres (708 sq mi), while the population is 68,900 (as of 01.01.2006). The capital is the city of Lachin.

The area is mountainous. Lachin extends to the south-western slope of Karabakh ridge on the east, to the south-eastern slope of Mikhtokan ridge on the north, to Karabakh plateau on the south-west. The highest point is the Qızılboga mountain (3594 m). Jurassic-anthropogenic sediments are spread. The rayon has mineral resources such as mercury, polymetals, building materials, Narzan-type mineral water springs. Mild warm and cold climate with dry winter prevails over the most of the area. The average temperature is from −10–0 °C (14–32 °F) in January, to 10–22 °C (50–72 °F) in July. Annual precipitation is 600–900 millimetres (24–35 in). The rayon`s river is Hakari and its tributaries. The most spread soil types are sod mountainous-meadow, brown mountainous-forest and carbonate mountainous-black. The vegetation comprises bushy and rare woods, deciduous mountain forests (oak, hornbeam, beech), sub-alpine and alpine meadows.

Lachin is an agricultural region. Cattle-breeding occupies has a major place in its economy.

There are 149 secondary schools, 2 pre-school and 5 extracurricular educational institutions, a vocational school, a children creativity center, 85 clubs, 119 libraries, 5 music schools, and 142 health facilities in the rayon.

The cave-temple (5th century), mausoleums (14th-19th century), a castle (17th century), a mosque (1718), a palace (1716), a bridge (18th century) are registered architectural monuments in the territory of Lachin.

Lachin was occupied on May 18, 1992, by the Armenian armed forces.

See also: Kurdistan Uyezd

Between 1923 to 1929,[6] Lachin was established as the Kurdistan Uyezd, an autonomous Soviet district.

Notes

α Official Azerbaijani data by January 1, 2009.

References

  1. ↑ "The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan.". Retrieved September 29, 2010.
  2. ↑ "Şəhərlərarası telefon kodları". Aztelekom MMC. Aztelekom İB. Retrieved 19 August 2015. (Azerbaijani)
  3. 1 2 Pospelov, p. 23
  4. ↑ Karapetian, Samvel. Armenian Cultural Monuments in the Region of Karabagh. Yerevan: Gitutiun Publishing House, 2001, p. 169.
  5. ↑ Map of Armenia and Adjacent Countries by H. F. B. Lynch and F. Oswald in Armenia, Travels and Studies. London: Longmans, 1901.
  6. ↑ (Russian) Russia and the problem of Kurds

Coordinates: 39°38′0″N 46°33′0″E / 39.63333°N 46.55000°E / 39.63333; 46.55000

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