List of state leaders in 1879

See also
List of state leaders in 1878 Events of 1879 List of state leaders in 1880 State leaders by year List of religious leaders in 1879 List of sovereign states in 1879 List of colonial governors in 1879

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1879.

Africa

Ashanti Confederacy – Mensa Bonsu Kumaa, Asantehene (1874–1883)
Kingdom of Burundi – Mwezi IV Gisabo (1852–1908)
Kingdom of Dahomey – Glele (1856–1889)
Ethiopian Empire – Yohannes IV (1871–1889)
Liberia – Anthony W. Gardiner, President of Liberia (1878–1883)
Sokoto Caliphate
- Caliph – Mu'adh bin Bello (1877–1881)
- Grand Vizier - Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye (c.1874–1886)
Sultanate of Zanzibar – Barghash bin Said (1870–1888)
Zulu – Cetshwayo kaMpande, King of the Zulu (1872–1884)

Asia

Emirate of Afghanistan –

Sher Ali Khan (1868–1879)
Mohammad Yaqub Khan (1879)
Mohammad Jan, minister regent (1879)

- Ghazni
  1. Declared independence on 24 December
  2. Musa Jan Khan, Emir of Ghazni (1879–1880)
Kingdom of Burma – Thibaw Min (1878–1885)
Kingdom of Cambodia – Norodom (1860–1904)
Kingdom of Champasak – Kham Suk (1863–1900)
China (Qing dynasty) - Guangxu Emperor (1875–1908)
Indian subcontinent, current day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh – Victoria, Empress of India (1876–1901)
Empire of Japan – Monarch – Emperor Meiji (1867–1912)
- Ryukyu Domain - Shō Tai, King of Ryukyu (1848-11 March 1879)
- (Becomes fully annexed into Japan as Okinawa Prefecture; monarchy ended.)
Joseon (Korea) – Gojong (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang – Unkham (1868–1895)
Kingdom of Nepal – Surendra Bikram Shah Deva (1847–1881)
Sultanate of Oman – Turki bin Said (1871–1888)
Siam – Chulalongkorn (Rama V), King of Siam (1868–1910)
Đại Nam (Nguyễn dynasty) - Tự Đức, Emperor (1847–1883)

Europe

Andorra – Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (President of France) and Josep Caixal i Estradé (Bishop of Urgel), co-Princes (1873–1879 and 1853–1879)
Austria-Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
- Minister-President of Austria -
1. Prince Adolf of Auersperg (1871–1879)
2. Count Eduard von Taaffe (1879–1893)
- Minister-President of Hungary - Kálmán Tisza (1875–1890)
Belgium
- Monarch – Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
- Cabinet Chief - Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt (1868–1870, 1878–1884)
Principality of Bulgaria – Alexander I Joseph (1879–1886)
Kingdom of Denmark
- Monarch – Christian IX (1863–1906)
- Prime Minister – Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup (1875–1894)
French Third Republic –
- President -
  1. Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (1873–1879)
  2. Jules Grévy (1879–1887)
- President of the Council -
  1. Jules Dufaure (1877–1879)
  2. William Henry Waddington (1879)
  3. Charles de Freycinet (1879–1880)
Germany -
- Monarch – Wilhelm I, German Emperor (1871–1888)
- Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck (1871–1890)
- see List of German rulers in 1879
Kingdom of Greece –
- Monarch – George I (1863–1913)
- Prime Minister - Alexandros Koumoundouros (1878–1880)
Holy See – Pope Leo XIII (1878–1903)
Kingdom of Italy
- Monarch – Umberto I (1878–1900)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Agostino Depretis (1878–1879)
  2. Benedetto Cairoli (1879–1881)
Principality of Liechtenstein – Johann II (1858–1929)
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
- Monarch – William III of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister - Félix de Blochausen (1874–1885)
Principality of Monaco – Charles III (1856–1889)
Principality of Montenegro – Nicholas I (1860–1910/1918/1921)
Netherlands -
- Monarch – William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers -
  1. Jan Kappeyne van de Coppello (1877–1879)
  2. Theo van Lynden van Sandenburg (1879–1883)
Sweden–Norway – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Oscar II (1872–1905)
Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Sultan - Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909)
- Grand Vizier -
  1. Hayreddin Pasha (1878–1879)
  2. Ahmed Arifi Pasha (1879)
Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
- Monarch – Luís I (1861–1889)
- President of the Council of Ministers -
  1. António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo (1878–1879)
  2. Anselmo José Braamcamp (1879–1881)
United Principalities (Romania) – Carol I (1866–1881/1914)
Russian Empire – Alexander II (1855–1881)
San Marino - Camillo Bonelli and Pietro Berti, Captains Regent (1878–1879)
Principality of Serbia – Milan II (1868–1882/1889)
Kingdom of Spain –
- Monarch – Alfonso XII of Spain (1875–1885)
- Prime Minister
  1. Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
  2. Arsenio Martínez-Campos y Antón (1879)
  3. Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
Kingdom of Sweden – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
- Monarch – Oscar II (1872–1907)
- Prime Minister - Louis Gerhard De Geer (1876–1880)
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland –
- Monarch – Victoria (1837–1901)
- Prime Minister - Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (1868, 1874–1880)

Middle East and North Africa

Abu Dhabi – Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855–1909)
Khedivate of Egypt –
- Monarch -
  1. Isma'il (1867–1879)
  2. Tawfiq (1879–1892)
Sultanate of Morocco – Hassan I (1873–1894)
Sultanate of Oman – Turki ibn Sa'id (1871–1888)
Persia (Qajar dynasty) – Nasir ed-Din (1848–1896)
Beylik of Tunis [[(Under Ottoman Empire suzerainty) - Muhammad as-Sadiq]] (1859–1882)

North America and the Caribbean

Canada -
- Monarch – Victoria, Queen of Canada (1837–1901)
- Governor-General - Marquess of Lorne (1878–1883)
- Prime Minister – John A. Macdonald (1867–1891)
Costa Rica – Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, President of Costa Rica (1877–1882)
Dominican Republic – Council of Secretaries of State (1878–1879)
El Salvador – Rafael Zaldívar, President of El Salvador (1876–1885)
Guatemala – Justo Rufino Barrios, President of Guatemala (1873–1885)
Haiti –
1. Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal, President of Haiti (1876–1879)
Honduras – Marco Aurelio Soto, President of Honduras (1876–1883)
Mexico - Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (1876–1880)
Nicaragua –
1. Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Alfaro, President of Nicaragua (1875–1879)
2. ???
United States - Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States (1877–1881)

Oceania

Easter Island - Alexander Ariipaea Salmon (1878-1888)
Kingdom of Hawaii – Kalākaua (1874–1891)
Mangareva – Bernardo Putairi, Regent of Mangareva (1873–1881)
Niue – Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875–1887)
Samoa – Malietoa Talavou Tonumaipe’a, Malietoa (1860–1880)
Tahiti –
1. Pōmare IV, Queen of Tahiti (1827–1877)
2. Pōmare V, King of Tahiti (1877–1880)
Tonga –
- Monarch – George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845–1893)
- Prime Minister - Tevita 'Unga (1876–1880)

South America

Argentina – Nicolás Avellaneda, President of Argentina (1874–1880)
Bolivia – Hilarión Daza, Provisional President of Bolivia (1876–1879)
Empire of Brazil –
- Monarch – Pedro II (1831–1889)
- President of the cabinet of ministers - João Lins Cansanção, Viscount of Sinimbu (1878–1880)
Chile – Aníbal Pinto, President of Chile (1876–1881)
Colombia – Julián Trujillo Largacha, President of Colombia (1878–1880)
Ecuador – Ignacio de Veintemilla, Supreme Chief of Ecuador (1876–1878/1883)
Paraguay – Cándido Bareiro, President of Paraguay (1878–1880)
Peru –
1. Mariano Ignacio Prado, President of Peru (1876–1879)
2. ???
Uruguay –
1. Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay (1876–1879)
2. Francisco Antonino Vidal, President of Uruguay (1879)
3. Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay (1879–1880)
Venezuela – Jacinto Gutiérrez Martínez, acting President of Venezuela (1878–1879)

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