List of countries by research and development spending

This is a list of countries by research and development (R&D) spending in real terms and as per latest data available.

List

Only those nations which annually spend more than 100 million dollars have been included. The world's total nominal R&D spending was approximately one trillion dollars in 2010.[1]

Rank Country/Region Expenditures on R&D
(billions of US$, PPP),		 % of GDP PPP Expenditures on R&D per capita
(US$ PPP),		 Year Source
1  United States 473.4 2.742% 1,442.51 2013 [2]
2  China 409 2.1% 298.56 2015 [3]
-  European Union 334.3 1.94% 657.48 2014 [2]
3  Japan 170.8 3.583% 1,344.31 2014 [2]
4  Germany 106.5 2.842% 1,313.46 2014 [2]
5  South Korea 91.6 4.292% 1,518.47 2014 [2]
6  India 66.5 0.85% 39.37 2015 [4]
7  France 58.4 2.256% 914.54 2014 [2]
8  United Kingdom 43.7 1.701% 677.44 2014 [2]
9  Russia 42.6 1.187% 290.21 2014 [2]
10  Canada 25.7 1.612% 724.87 2014 [2]
11  Brazil 35.4 1.15% 177.89 2012 [5]
12  Italy 27.4 1.287% 452.14 2014 [2]
13  Taiwan 32.4 3.006% 1,383.84 2014 [2]
14  Spain 19.2 1.222% 413.46 2014 [2]
15  Australia 23.3 2.12% 986.86 2014 [6]
16  Sweden 14.2 3.161% 1,460.98 2014 [2]
17  Netherlands 16 1.973% 946.25 2014 [2]
18  Israel 11.2 4.109% 1,361.56 2014 [2]
19  Austria 10.9 3% 1,416.14 2015 [2]
20   Switzerland 13.1 2.967% 1,647.90 2012 [2]
21  Turkey 15.3 1.007% 198.36 2014 [2]
22  Belgium 11.9 2.465% 1,063.38 2014 [2]
23  Mexico 9.0 0.941% 237.57 2014 [2]
24  Poland 11.6 0.541% 97.11 2014 [2]
25  Singapore 7.0 3.174% 1,290.58 2014 [2]
26  Finland 8.7 2% 1,608.86 2013 [2]
27  Denmark 7.6 3.051% 1,361.51 2014 [2]
28  Norway 5.9 1.705% 1,145.18 2014 [2]
29  Czech Republic 6.3 1.997% 600.04 2014 [2]
30  South Africa 4.8 0.732% 92.25 2012 [2]
31  Portugal 3.6 1.285% 347.84 2014 [2]
32  Ukraine 3 0.76% 73.7 2013 [5]
33  Pakistan 2.4 0.29% 13.29 2013 [5]
34  Argentina 5.4 0.585% 129.09 2013 [2]
35  Ireland 3.6 1.519% 779 2014 [2]
36  Malaysia 7.6 1.13% 256.92 2012 [5]
37  Saudi Arabia 1.8 0.25% 60.01 2012 [7][8]
38  Greece 2.4 0.835% 216.72 2014 [2]
39  Hungary 3.4 1.371% 343.01 2014 [2]
40  Thailand 3.6 0.39% 52.67 2011 [5]
41  New Zealand 1.8 1.172% 400.99 2013 [2]
42  Romania 1.5 0.383% 75.62 2014 [2]
43  Chile 1.56 0.379% 87.39 2014 [2]
44  Belarus 1.12 0.67% 118.44 2013 [5]
45  Egypt 6.2 0.68% 73.18 2013 [5]
46  Slovenia 1.5 2.386% 712.63 2014 [2]
47  Morocco 1.5 0.73% 47.59 2010 [5]
48  Indonesia 2.0 0.08% 8.09 2013 [5]
49  Croatia 0.7 0.81% 166.75 2013 [9]
50  Iran 0.7 0.12% 9.08 2014 [10]
51  Luxembourg 0.67 1.256% 1,226.35 2014 [2]
52  Tunisia 0.78 0.68% 72.83 2012 [5]
53  Colombia 1.5 0.23% 31 2014 [5]
54  Vietnam 0.87 0.21% 9.91 2011 [11]
55  Slovakia 1.4 0.886% 250.55 2014 [2]
56  Lithuania 0.76 0.95% 245.36 2013 [9]
57  Bulgaria 0.81 0.65% 112.15 2013 [9]
58  Kazakhstan 0.67 0.17% 39.24 2013 [5]
59  Estonia 0.53 1.432% 399.24 2014 [2]
60  Iceland 0.27 1.891% 832.59 2014 [2]
61  Philippines 0.48 0.11% 5.4 2007 [5]
62  Uruguay 0.15 0.23% 43.40 2012 [5]
63  Serbia 0.7 0.73% 97.86 2013 [9]
64  Peru 0.24 0.1% 7.88 2007 [12]
65  Latvia 0.28 0.6% 136.8 2013 [9]
66  Sudan 0.18 0.23% 4.74 2007 [12]
67  Algeria 0.16 0.07% 4.13 2007 [12]
68  Costa Rica 0.28 0.47% 61.55 2011 [5]
69  Uganda 0.28 0.48% 8.27 2010 [5]
70  Azerbaijan 0.33 0.21% 35.98 2013 [5]
71  Botswana 0.07 0.25% 37.01 2012 [5]
72  Ethiopia 0.79 0.61% 9.08 2013 [5]
73  Cyprus 0.13 0.48% 150.82 2013 [9]
74  Malta 0.11 0.85% 270.78 2013 [9]
75  Montenegro 0.03 0.38% 55.75 2013 [9]
76  United Arab Emirates 2.5 0.49% 288.69 2011 [5]
77  Qatar 1.3 0.47% 698.50 2012 [5]
78  Georgia 0.05 0.16% 14.73 2014 [5]
79  Macedonia 0.12 0.44% 55.99 2013 [5]
80  Moldova 0.06 0.35% 16.44 2013 [5]
81  Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.12 0.33% 31.73 2013 [5]
82  Kuwait 0.83 0.30% 214.16 2013 [5]
83  Oman 0.07 0.23% 25.40 2013 [5]
84  Mongolia 0.26 0.17% 73.66 2013 [5]
85  Bahrain 0.02 0.04% 18.83 2013 [5]
86  Macau 0.04 0.05% 70.32 2013 [5]
87  Hong Kong 2.7 0.73% 373.09 2012 [5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://royalsociety.org/uploadedFiles/Royal_Society_Content/Influencing_Policy/Reports/2011-03-28-Knowledge-networks-nations.pdf
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 "Research and development (R&D) - Gross domestic spending on R&D - OECD Data". data.oecd.org. Retrieved 2016-02-10.
  3. ↑ http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/sjjd/201605/t20160531_1362661.html
  4. ↑
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 "Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)". World Bank. Retrieved 2016-02-09.
  6. ↑ "Australian Bureau of Statistics - GROSS EXPENDITURE ON R&D (GERD)". www.abs.gov.au. Retrieved 2016-02-10.
  7. ↑ 2012 Global R & D Funding Forecast: R & D Spending Growth Continues While Globalization Accelerates
  8. ↑ http://www.natureasia.com/en/publishing-index/pdf/NPI2012_Global.pdf#page=26
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Eurostat - Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
  10. ↑ http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13930215000513
  11. ↑ vietnamnet.vn. "How much does Vietnam spend on R&D? - News VietNamNet". english.vietnamnet.vn. Retrieved 2016-02-10.
  12. 1 2 3 http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001899/189958E.pdf
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