List of large volcanic eruptions of the 19th century

This is a list of volcanic eruptions of the 19th century measuring a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of at least 4. Note that there may be many other eruptions that have not been identified, and estimates for the size of eruptions can be subject to considerable uncertainties.

VEI Volcano (eruption) Year Casualties Notes
4 Pago 1800
5 Mount St. Helens 1800 The eruption was seen by Native Americans.
6-7 1808/1809 mystery eruption 1808 Greenland and Antarctic ice samples suggest an undocumented eruption roughly half the magnitude of Mount Tambora occurred, contributing to the 1810s being the coldest decade in at least 500 years.[1] Recent searches of documents suggest that it may have taken place in South Western Pacific Ocean around Dec 4, 1808 and observed in Colombia from December 11, 1808.[2]
4 La Soufrière 1812
4 Awu 1812
4 Suwanosejima 1813
4 Mount Mayon 1814
7 Mount Tambora (1815 eruption) 1815 92,000 Largest and deadliest volcanic eruption in recorded history. Caused the "Year Without a Summer" in 1816.
4 Raung 1817
4 Colima 1818
4 Mount Usu 1822
5 Galunggung 1822 4,000
4 Isanotski 1825
4 Kelut 1826
4 Avachinsky 1827
4 Kliuchevskoi 1829
4 Babuyan Claro 1831
5 Cosiguina 1835
4 Hekla 1845
4 Fonualei 1846
4 Mount Usu 1853
5 Shiveluch 1854
4 Komaga-Take 1856
4 Volcan De Fuego 1857
4 Katla 1860
4 Makian 1861
4 Sinarka 1872
4 Mount Merapi 1872
4 Grímsvötn 1873
5 Askja 1875
4 Suwanosejima 1877
4 Cotopaxi 1877
4 Volcan De Fuego 1880
6 Krakatoa 1883 36,417 Heard 3,000 miles (4,800 km) away. Caused a 5-year volcanic winter. The island had three volcanoes. Perboewatan (410 ft) and Danan (1,480 ft) was destroyed during the eruption while Rakata (2,667 ft) was only half destroyed but it still remains above sea level. In 1928, a new volcano called Anak Krakatoa (1,063 ft) grew above sea level, forming a new island by Rakata's island.
4 Mount Augustine 1883
4 Tungurahua 1886
5 Mount Tarawera 1886 108+ Largest historical eruption in New Zealand.
4 Niuafo'ou 1886
4 Mount Bandai 1888 477+
4 Suwanosejima 1889
4 Colima 1890
4 Calbuco 1893
4 Mount Mayon 1897
4 Dona Juana 1899

See also

External links

References

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