Mexico–Peru relations

Mexico-Peru relations

Mexico
Peru

Mexican-Peruvian relations refers to the historical and current bilateral relationship between the United Mexican States and the Republic of Peru. Both nations are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Organization of Ibero-American States, Organization of American States, Pacific Alliance and the United Nations.

History of diplomatic relations

Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto and wife with Peruvian President Ollanta Humala in 2013

Historically, both nations were host to great indigenous cultures; the Aztecs and Mayas in Mexico and the Incas in Peru. During colonization, both nations were part of the Spanish Empire until the early 19th century. Mexico was part of Viceroyalty of New Spain while Peru was part of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Diplomatic relations between Mexico and Peru were established in 1883, two years after Peru gained its independence from Spain.[1] In October 1892, Mexico opened its first consulate in Lima followed by the opening of an embassy on 14 June 1937.[2]

In 1932, a Peruvian newspaper published a letter by Peruvian politician Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre where he talks about wanting to establish different styles of governing in Latin-America. The letter was addressed to a colleague and states the plan in detail to another friend who he sent a letter (but never arrived) via a Mexican diplomatic pouch to Lima.[3] This letter caused such an outrage in Peru that the government accused the Mexican government of 'meddling' in its internal affairs and severed diplomatic relations with Mexico. Diplomatic relations were once again restored in 1933 with the incoming of a new president in Peru.[3]

In 1960, President Adolfo López Mateos was the first highest ranking Mexican official to visit Peru, followed by President Luis Echeverría in 1974. It wasn't until the 1990s that Peruvian Presidents Alan Garcia and Alberto Fujimori paid official visits to Mexico. Since then, there have been a continuous flow of official visits by both nations to each other's countries respectively.[2]

State visits

Presidential visits from Mexico to Peru[4][5][6][7][8]

Presidential visits from Peru to Mexico[9][10][11][12]

Trade relations

Embassy of Mexico in Lima

In the past ten years from 2012, trade between Mexico and Peru increased by 457% to $1.8 billion (USD). In 2015, two-way trade between both nations amounted to $2.3 billion USD.[13] Peru is Mexico's 26th biggest trading partner and Mexico is Peru's 7th biggest trading partner. Mexico's main exports to Peru include electronic and medical equipment and cars. Peru's main exports to Mexico are natural gas and minerals.[14] On 1 February 2012, a free trade agreement between the two nations came into effect.[15]

Resident diplomatic missions

References

  1. ↑ History of diplomatic relations between Mexico and Peru (in Spanish)
  2. 1 2 Bilateral relations between Mexico and Peru (in Spanish)
  3. 1 2 ASPIRACIONES ANTIIMPERIALISTAS E INTERESES NACIONALES: LAS RELACIONES EXTERIORES ENTRE MÉXICO Y PERÚ (1930-1945) (in Spanish)
  4. ↑ Permisos Concedidos al Presidente de la República Vicente Fox Quesada para Ausentarse del Territorio Nacional (in Spanish)
  5. ↑ Viajes realizados al extranjero por el C. Felipe Calderón (in Spanish)
  6. ↑ Presidente de México llegó a Lima para visita oficial (in Spanish)
  7. ↑ Peña Nieto llega a Perú; asistirá a cena con Presidente Humala (in Spanish)
  8. ↑ Peña Nieto llega a Perú para participar en cumbre de APEC (in Spanish)
  9. ↑ Visitas de mandatarios sudamericanos a México (in Spanish)
  10. ↑ MANDATARIOS DE PAISES QUE ASISTIERON A LA PRIMERA REUNIÓN CUMBRE IBEROAMERICANA, Guadalajara, México, 18 y 19 de Julio, 1991. (in Spanish)
  11. ↑ El Presidente de México recibió a su homólogo peruano en el patio central de Palacio Nacional (in Spanish)
  12. ↑ Iniciará Toledo visita oficial a México, participará en APEC (in Spanish)
  13. ↑ Mexican Ministry of the Economy: Peru (in Spanish)
  14. ↑ Trade relations between Mexico and Peru
  15. ↑ CNN on FTA between Mexico and Peru
  16. ↑ Embassy of Mexico in Lima (in Spanish)
  17. ↑ Embassy of Peru in Mexico City (in Spanish)
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