Orthoceratidae

Orthoceratidae
Temporal range: Ordovician - Permian (possibly Triassic)
Orthoceras
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Subclass: Nautiloidea
Order: Orthocerida
Family: Orthoceratidae
McCoy, 1844
genera

Kionoceras
Michelinoceras
Orthoceras
Trilacinoceras
and many others

Synonyms

Orthocerotidae

Orthoceratidae is an extinct family of actively mobile carnivorous cephalopods, subclass Nautiloidea, that lived in what would be North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia from the Ordovician through Triassic from 490—203.7 mya, existing for approximately 286.4 million years.[1]

Taxonomy

Orthoceratidae was named by McCoy (1844) and assigned to the Orthocerida by Teichert and Miller (1939),(as Orthocerotidae);[2] to the Michelinoceratida by Flower (1962),[3] and to the Orthocerataceae by Sweet (1964).[2] It has been subsequently included in the Orthocerataceae in Evans (1994) and in the Orthocerida in Evans (2005) [4] and in Kröger et al. (2007)[5] Flower showed in 1962[3] that Orthocerotidae used by Teichert and Miller (1939) is synonymous with Orthoceratide McCoy (1884)

Morphology

Members are characterised by long, slender, usually orthoconic (straight) but sometimes slightly curved shells, a central or subcentral orthochoanitic siphuncle that is free of deposits, a long body chamber, and cylindrical or only slightly inflated connecting rings. Ornamentation may be in the form of longitudinal or transverse ribs and/or lirae, or the shell surface may be smooth.

References

  1. ↑ PaleoBiology Database: Orthoceratidae, basic info
  2. 1 2 Sweet, Walter C., (1964), Nautiloidea --Orthocerida, in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part K. Mollusca 3. pp K224-K231.
  3. 1 2 R. H. Flower. 1962. Memoir 10, Part 2; Notes on the Michelinoceratida. New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Socorro NM.
  4. ↑ D. H. Evans. 2005. The Lower and Middle Ordovician cephalopod faunas of England and Wales. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society 623:1-81
  5. ↑ B. Kröger, M. S. Beresi, and E. Landing. 2007. Early orthoceratoid cephalopods from the Argentine Precordillera (Lower-Middle Ordovician). Journal of Paleontology 81(6):1266-1283
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