TAT-14
| TAT-14 | |
|---|---|
 | |
|
Owners: Carriers consortium | |
| |
| Total length | 15,428 km (9,587 mi) |
| Topology | Self-healing ring |
| Design capacity | 9.38 Tbit/s |
| Currently lit capacity | 3.15 Tbit/s |
| Technology | Fiber optics with EDFA repeaters |
| Date of first use | 21 March 2001 |
TAT-14 is the 14th consortium transatlantic telecommunications cable system. In operation from 2001, it uses wavelength division multiplexing. The cable system is built from multiple pairs of fibres—one fibre in each pair is used for data carried in one direction and the other in the opposite direction. Although optical fibre can be used in both directions simultaneously, for reliability it is better not to require splitting equipment at the end of the individual fibre to separate transmit and receive signals—hence a fibre pair is used. TAT-14 uses four pairs of fibres—two pairs as active and two as backup. Each fibre in each pair carries 16 wavelengths in one direction, and each wavelength carries up to an STM-256 (38,486,016 kbit/s as payload).[1] The fibres are bundled into submarine cables connecting the United States and the European Union (United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark) in a ring topology.[2]
By the time this cable went into operation, the expected long boom (term coined by Wired magazine) was already ending in the dot-com death. The overinvestment in transcontinental optical fiber capacity led to a financial crisis in private cable operators like Global Crossing.
In the cables leak released by WikiLeaks, it is revealed that the landing point in Katwijk, the Netherlands is included in a US Government list of critical infrastructure susceptible to terrorist attack.[3]
Cable failure
In November 2003, TAT-14 suffered two breaks within weeks of each other, first on the southern link between the US and UK, then on the link between France and the Netherlands which had been providing redundant service to the UK via the northern link through Denmark, resulting in disruption to Internet services in the United Kingdom.[4][5]
On May 19, 2014 preliminary reports from hosting provider Digital Ocean suggested that TAT-14 was the cause for the disrupted services between the EU and the US.[6]
External links
References
- ↑ https://www.tat-14.com/tat14/
- ↑ "CABLE LANDING LICENSE". U.S. Federal Communications Commission. 1999-10-01. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
- ↑ "VS wijst knelpunten Nederland aan" (in Dutch). RTL Nieuws. 2010-12-06. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
- ↑ Wearden, Graeme (2003-11-26). "Cable failure hits UK Internet traffic". ZDNet. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
- ↑ Craig, Andrew (2003-11-26). "Net failure hits UK". webuser.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-08-09.
- ↑ "Network Outage in EU affecting AMS1 and AMS2". DigitalOcean. 2014-05-19. Retrieved 2015-07-09.