The Insider (film)

Not to be confused with The Inside (film) or Inside Man.
The Insider

Theatrical release poster
Directed by Michael Mann
Produced by
Written by
Based on "The Man Who Knew Too Much"
by Marie Brenner
Starring
Music by
Cinematography Dante Spinotti
Edited by
Production
companies
Distributed by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution
Release dates
  • November 5, 1999 (1999-11-05)
Running time
 157 minutes
Country United States
Language English
Budget $68 million [1]
Box office $60.2 million

The Insider is a 1999 American drama film directed by Michael Mann, from a script adapted by Eric Roth and Mann from Marie Brenner's Vanity Fair article "The Man Who Knew Too Much". The film stars Al Pacino and Russell Crowe, with supporting actors including Christopher Plummer, Bruce McGill, Diane Venora and Michael Gambon.

A fictionalized account of a true story, it is based on the 60 Minutes segment about Jeffrey Wigand, a whistleblower in the tobacco industry,[2] covering the personal struggles of him and CBS producer Lowell Bergman as they defend his testimony against efforts to discredit and suppress it by CBS and Wigand's former employer.

Though not a box office success, The Insider received overwhelmingly positive reviews, with particular focus on Crowe's portrayal of Wigand, and Mann's direction. It was nominated for seven Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor in a Leading Role (for Russell Crowe).

Plot

A prologue establishes the courage and journalistic integrity of Bergman (Pacino) and Mike Wallace (Plummer) as they prepare to interview Sheikh Fadlallah for 60 Minutes.

In Louisville, Kentucky, Dr. Jeffrey Wigand (Crowe) arrives home from his office at the Brown & Williamson Tobacco Company, reluctantly telling his wife Liane (Venora) that he has been fired.

Bergman approaches Wigand for help translating technical documents. Wigand agrees, but Bergman is intrigued when he cites a corporate confidentiality agreement and refuses to discuss anything further. Wigand is later summoned to a meeting with the B&W CEO, who threatens legal action and cessation of severance benefits if he does not sign a more restrictive confidentiality agreement. Wigand angrily leaves, and accuses Bergman of betraying him.

Bergman visits Wigand's home and vigorously defends himself. Wigand is reassured but hesitant to reveal anything that might threaten his family's medical coverage, apparently possessing very damaging information.

The Wigand family move into a more modest house, Wigand now working as a teacher. One night his younger daughter Barbara sees someone outside. Wigand finds a fresh footprint in the garden, and receives a sinister phone call.

Knowing that Wigand's confidentiality agreement obstructs any potential story, Bergman contacts Richard Scruggs (Feore), an attorney representing the State of Mississippi in a lawsuit against the tobacco industry, believing that Wigand could be shielded from legal sanction if he were compelled to break confidentiality and testify. Scruggs expresses interest.

Some time later Wigand receives an emailed death threat against him and his family, and finds a bullet in his mailbox. He contacts the FBI, but the agents who attend are hostile, confiscating his computer. Wigand, furious over the threats, demands Bergman arrange an interview.

In the interview, Wigand states that B&W intentionally make their cigarettes more addictive, and that he was fired after refusing to support this. Bergman later arranges a security detail for Wigand's home, and the Wigands suffer marital stress.

Wigand is served with a Kentucky court order prohibiting his testimony in Mississippi, but eventually decides to testify anyway, over the objections of B&W attorneys. On returning to Louisville, Wigand discovers that Liane has left him and taken their daughters.

Bergman, Wallace and Don Hewitt (Hall), the creator and executive producer of 60 Minutes, meet with CBS News' legal counsel, Helen Caperelli (Gershon). Caperelli invokes and describes a legal theory, tortious interference, whereby one who induces someone to break a legal agreement may be sued for "interfering." By this theory, CBS exposes itself to legal action from B&W if Wigand breaks confidentiality in his interview.

Eric Kluster (Tobolowsky), the president of CBS News, decides to omit Wigand's interview from the segment. Bergman objects, believing that CBS Corporate wishes to avoid jeopardizing the pending sale of CBS to Westinghouse, which would enrich both Caperelli and Kluster. Wigand is appalled, and terminates contact with Bergman.

An investigator probes Wigand's personal history, their findings published and circulated to the news media as a 500-page dossier. Bergman learns that The Wall Street Journal will soon use this in a piece questioning Wigand's credibility. Bergman believes that Wigand is being smeared, and arranges for Jack Palladino (playing himself), an attorney and investigator, to evaluate it. The editor of the Journal agrees to delay his story while his reporters examine Palladino's findings.

Infighting at CBS News about the segment prompts Hewitt to order Bergman to take an immediate "vacation." During this, the abridged 60 Minutes segment airs. Bergman, with difficulty, completes a call to Wigand, who is both dejected and furious, accusing Bergman of manipulating him. Bergman defends his own motives and praises Wigand and his testimony.

Bergman is urged by Scruggs to air the full segment, their own lawsuit under threat by a lawsuit from the governor of Mississippi. Bergman is powerless to help, and privately questions his own motives in pursuing the story.

Bergman contacts an editor at The New York Times, disclosing the full story and events at CBS. The Times prints the story on the front page, and condemns CBS in a scathing editorial. The Journal dismisses the dossier as character assassination, and prints Wigand's deposition in full. Hewitt accuses Bergman of betraying CBS, but finds that Wallace now agrees that surrendering to corporate pressure was a mistake.

60 Minutes finally airs the original segment, including the full interview with Wigand.[3] Bergman tells Wallace that he has resigned, believing 60 Minutes' credibility and integrity is now permanently tarnished.

The film ends with text cards summarizing the Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement, and the careers of Wigand and Bergman after the events of the film.

Cast

Production

With a budget set at $68 million,[1] Mann began collecting a massive amount of documents to research the events depicted in the film: depositions, news reports and 60 Minutes transcripts. He had read a screenplay that Eric Roth had written, called The Good Shepherd, about the first 25 years of the CIA. Based on this script, Mann approached Roth to help him co-write The Insider. Mann and Roth wrote several outlines together and talked about the structure of the story. Roth interviewed Bergman numerous times for research and the two men became friends. After he and Mann wrote the first draft together, at the bar at the Broadway Deli in Santa Monica, Roth met Wigand. The whistle blower was still under his confidentiality agreement and would not break it for Roth or Mann. Roth's initial impressions of Wigand were that he came across as unlikable and defensive. As they continued to write more drafts, the two men made minor adjustments in chronology and invented some extraneous dialogue but also stuck strictly to the facts whenever possible. However, Mann and Roth were not interested in making a documentary.

Val Kilmer was considered by Mann for the role of Jeffrey Wigand. Producer Pieter Jan Brugge suggested Russell Crowe and after seeing him in L.A. Confidential, Mann flew Crowe down from Canada where he was in the middle of filming Mystery, Alaska on the actor's one day off and had him read scenes from The Insider screenplay for two to three hours. When Crowe read the scene where Wigand finds out that the 60 Minutes interview he did will not be aired, he captured the essence of Wigand so well that Mann knew he had found the perfect actor for the role. Crowe, who was only 33 years old at the time, was apprehensive at playing someone much older than himself when there were so many good actors in that age range. Once Crowe was cast, he and Mann spent six weeks together before shooting began, talking about his character and his props, clothes and accessories. Crowe put on 35 pounds (16 kg) for the role, shaved back his hairline, bleached his hair seven times and had a daily application of wrinkles and liver spots to his skin to transform himself into Wigand (who was in his early-to-mid-50s during the events depicted in the film). Crowe was not able to talk to Wigand about his experiences because he was still bound by his confidentiality agreement during much of film's development period. To get a handle on the man's voice and how he talked, Crowe listened repeatedly to a six-hour tape of Wigand.

Al Pacino was Mann's only choice to play Lowell Bergman. He wanted to see the actor play a role that he had never seen him do in a movie before. Pacino, who had worked with Mann previously in Heat, was more than willing to take on the role. To research for the film, Mann and Pacino hung out with reporters from Time magazine, spent time with ABC News and Pacino actually met Bergman to help get in character.

Pacino suggested Mann cast Christopher Plummer in the role of Mike Wallace. Pacino had seen the veteran actor on the stage many times and was a big fan of Plummer's work. Mann had also wanted to work with Plummer since the 1970s. Pacino told Mann to watch Plummer in Sidney Lumet's Stage Struck (1958), and afterwards he was the director's only choice to play Wallace—Plummer did not have to audition. He met with Mann and after several discussions was cast in the film.

For the scene in which the deposition hearing takes place, the filmmakers used the actual courtroom in Pascagoula, Mississippi where the deposition was given.[4]

Accuracy

The Insider was adapted from "The Man Who Knew Too Much", an influential article on tobacco industry whistleblower Jeffrey Wigand, written by journalist Marie Brenner for the May 1996 issue of Vanity Fair.[5]

Wallace said that two-thirds of the film was quite accurate, but he disagreed with the film's portrayal of his role in the events; in particular, he objected to the impression that he would have taken a long time to protest CBS's corporate policies.[6]

Reaction

Box office

The Insider was released in 1,809 theaters on November 5, 1999 where it grossed a total of $6,712,361 on its opening weekend and ranked fourth in the country for that time period. It went on to make $29.1 million in North America and $31.2 million in the rest of the world for a total of $60.3 million worldwide, significantly lower than its $90 million budget.[7] The film was considered to be a commercial disappointment. Disney executives had hoped that Mann's film would have the same commercial and critical success as All the President's Men, a film in the same vein. However, The Insider had limited appeal to younger moviegoers (studio executives reportedly said the prime audience was over the age of 40) and the subject matter was "not notably dramatic," according to marketing executives. Then-Disney chairman Joe Roth said, "It's like walking up a hill with a refrigerator on your back. The fact of the matter is we're really proud we did this movie. People say it's the best movie they've seen this year. They say, 'Why don't we make more movies like this?'"[8] After the film received seven Academy Awards nominations, Joe Roth said, "Everyone is really proud of the movie. But it's one of those rare times when adults loved a movie, yet they couldn't convince their friends to go see it, any more than we could convince people in marketing the film." [9]

Critical response

Despite the disappointing box office reception, The Insider received near-unanimous critical praise, garnering some of the best reviews of 1999 and of Michael Mann's career. It holds a 96% "fresh" rating at Rotten Tomatoes based on 132 reviews[10] and an 84 metascore on Metacritic.[11] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three and half out of four stars and praised "its power to absorb, entertain, and anger".[12] Newsweek magazine's David Ansen wrote, "Mann could probably make a movie about needlepoint riveting. Employing a big canvas, a huge cast of superb character actors and his always exquisite eye for composition, he's made the kind of current-events epic that Hollywood has largely abandoned to TV—and shows us how movies can do it better".[13] In her review for The New York Times, Janet Maslin praised Russell Crowe as "a subtle powerhouse in his wrenching evocation of Wigand, takes on the thick, stolid look of the man he portrays", and felt that it was "by far Mann's most fully realized and enthralling work".[14] Time magazine's Richard Corliss wrote, "When Crowe gets to command the screen, The Insider comes to roiled life. It's an All the President's Men in which Deep Throat takes center stage, an insider prodded to spill the truth".[15] Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers wrote, "With its dynamite performances, strafing wit and dramatic provocation, The Insider offers Mann at his best—blood up, unsanitized, and unbowed".[16] However, Entertainment Weekly gave the film a "B" rating and felt that it was "a good but far from great movie because it presents truth telling in America as far more imperiled than it is".[17]

Director Quentin Tarantino included The Insider in his list of top 20 films released since 1992 (the year he became a director).[18]

Accolades

In 2006, Premiere ranked Crowe's performance #23 of the 100 Greatest Performances of All Time.[19] Eric Roth and Michael Mann won the Humanitas Prize in the Feature Film category in 2000.

American Film Institute recognition:

Awards
Award Date of ceremony Category Recipients and nominees Result
Academy Awards[21] March 26, 2000 Best Picture Michael Mann, Pieter Jan Brugge Nominated
Best Director Michael Mann Nominated
Best Actor Russell Crowe Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay Michael Mann and Eric Roth Nominated
Best Cinematography Dante Spinotti Nominated
Best Film Editing William Goldenberg, Paul Rubell, David Rosenbloom Nominated
Best Sound Andy Nelson, Doug Hemphill, Lee Orloff Nominated
British Academy Film Awards April 9, 2000 Best Actor Russell Crowe Nominated
Broadcast Film Critics Association 2000 Best Actor Russell Crowe Won
Boston Society of Film Critics December 12, 1999 Best Supporting Actor Christopher Plummer Won
Golden Globe Awards January 23, 2000 Best Film - Drama Nominated
Best Director Michael Mann Nominated
Best Actor - Drama Russell Crowe Nominated
Best Original Score Pieter Bourke and Lisa Gerrard Nominated
Best Screenplay Michael Mann and Eric Roth Nominated
London Film Critics' Circle March 2, 2000 Best Actor Russell Crowe Nominated
Los Angeles Film Critics Association December 1999 Best Film Won
Best Director Michael Mann Nominated
Best Actor Russell Crowe Won
Best Supporting Actor Christopher Plummer Won
Best Cinematography Dante Spinotti Won
National Society of Film Critics 2000 Best Actor Russell Crowe Won
Best Supporting Actor Christopher Plummer Won
Screen Actors Guild Awards March 12, 2000 Male Actor in a Leading Role Russell Crowe Nominated
Satellite Awards January 16, 2000 Best Film - Drama Won
Best Director Michael Mann Won
Best Actor - Drama Russell Crowe Nominated
Al Pacino Nominated
Best Supporting Actor - Drama Christopher Plummer Nominated
Best Editing Nominated

Soundtrack

The Insider (Music from the Motion Picture)
Soundtrack album by Various artists
Released October 26, 1999
Recorded 1999
Genre Soundtrack
Label Sony
Producer Lisa Gerrard and Pieter Bourke
Graeme Revell

Track listing

No. Title Performer Length
1 Tempest Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 2:51
2 Dawn of the Truth Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 1:59
3 Sacrifice Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 7:41
4 The Subordinate Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 1:17
5 Exile Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 1:39
6 The Silencer Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 1:38
7 Broken Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 2:03
8 Faith Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 3:01
9 I'm Alone on This Graeme Revell 2:02
10 LB in Montana Graeme Revell 0:50
11 Palladino Montage Graeme Revell 0:45
12 Iguazu Gustavo Santaolalla 3:12
13 Liquid Moon Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 4:05
14 Rites (edit) Jan Garbarek 5:34
15 Safe from Harm (Perfecto Mix) Massive Attack 8:14
16 Meltdown Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke 5:40

Other music in the film

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "The Insider (1999): Metrics". Nash Information Services, LLC. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  2. ↑ The Insider (Motion picture). Touchstone Pictures. 1999. Event occurs at 2:33:32. Although based on a true story, certain elements in this motion picture have been fictionalized for dramatic effect.
  3. ↑ "04/FEB/96 CBS 60 MINUTES".
  4. ↑ "Jeffrey Wigand : The Insider". www.jeffreywigand.com. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
  5. ↑ Brenner, Marie (May 1996). "The Man Who Knew Too Much". Vanity Fair.
  6. ↑ "Mike Wallace". American Academy of Achievement. May 24, 2008. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  7. ↑ "The Insider". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  8. ↑ Weinraub, Bernard (December 3, 1999). "At the Movies". The New York Times. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  9. ↑ Patrick Goldstein (February 16, 2000). "The Wind Shifts and So Does the Hunt". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
  10. ↑ "The Insider". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  11. ↑ "The Insider". Metacritic. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  12. ↑ Ebert, Roger (November 5, 1999). "The Insider". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  13. ↑ Ansen, David (November 8, 1999). "Smoke Gets In Your Eyes". Newsweek. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  14. ↑ Maslin, Janet (November 5, 1999). "Mournful Echoes of a Whistle-Blower". The New York Times. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  15. ↑ Corliss, Richard (November 1, 1999). "Mournful Echoes of a Whistle-Blower". Time. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  16. ↑ Travers, Peter (December 8, 2000). "The Insider". Rolling Stone. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
  17. ↑ "The Insider". Entertainment Weekly. November 12, 1999. Retrieved March 5, 2010.
  18. ↑ Brown, Lane. "Team America, Anything Else Among the Best Movies of the Past Seventeen Years, Claims Quentin Tarantino". Vulture. New York Media LLC. Retrieved September 13, 2016.
  19. ↑ Premiere's 100 Greatest Performances of All Time: 24-1
  20. ↑ AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains Nominees
  21. ↑ "The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners". Oscars. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
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