Tinidazole
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Fasigyn, Simplotan, Tindamax |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a604036 |
| Pregnancy category | |
| Routes of administration | Oral |
| ATC code | J01XD02 (WHO) P01AB02 (WHO) QP51AA02 (WHO) |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | 12% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic (CYP3A4) |
| Biological half-life | 12–14 hours |
| Excretion | Urine (20–25%), faeces (12%) |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| CAS Number |
19387-91-8  |
| PubChem (CID) | 5479 |
| DrugBank |
DB00911 |
| ChemSpider |
5279 |
| UNII |
033KF7V46H |
| KEGG |
D01426 |
| ChEMBL |
CHEMBL1220 |
| NIAID ChemDB | 007940 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.039.089 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C8H13N3O4S |
| Molar mass | 247.273 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
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| (verify) | |
Tinidazole is an anti-parasitic drug used against protozoan infections. It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as a treatment for a variety of amoebic and parasitic infections. It was developed in 1972. A derivative of 2-methylimidazole, it is a prominent member of the nitroimidazole antibiotics.[1]
Tinidazole is marketed by Mission Pharmacal under the brand name Tindamax, by Pfizer under the names Fasigyn and Simplotan, and in some Asian countries as Sporinex.
Pharmacology
It is chemically similar to metronidazole—a drug with some unpleasant side effects that is used in the United States as first-line therapy for amoebae. Tinidazole has similar side effects but has a shorter treatment course.
Uses
A large body of clinical data exists to support use of tinidazole for infections from amoebae, giardia, and trichomonas, just like metronidazole. Tinidazole may be a therapeutic alternative in the setting of metronidazole tolerance. Tinidazole may also be used to treat a variety of other bacterial infections (e.g., as part of combination therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication protocols).[2]
Side effects
The most common side effects reported with tinidazole are upset stomach, bitter taste and itchiness. Other side effects include headache, physical fatigue, and dizziness. Anecdotally, people who have taken both metronidazole and tinidazole report toxicity is much the same except the side effects don't last as long with the latter.
Drinking alcohol while taking tinidazole causes an unpleasant disulfiram-like reaction, which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, increased blood pressure, flushing, and shortness of breath.
Half-life
Elimination half-life is 13.2 ± 1.4 hours. Plasma half-life is 12 to 14 hours.
References
- ↑ Ebel, K., Koehler, H., Gamer, A. O., & Jäckh, R. “Imidazole and Derivatives.” In Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry; 2002 Wiley-VCH, doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_661
- ↑ Edwards, David I. "Nitroimidazole drugs - action and resistance mechanisms. I. Mechanism of action" Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 1993, volume 31, pp. 9-20. doi:10.1093/jac/31.1.9.