Tondo, Manila

For other uses, see Tondo (disambiguation).
Tondo

Recto Avenue running through Divisoria.
Country Philippines
Region National Capital Region
City Manila
Congress Part of the 1st and 2nd Districts of Manila
Barangays 169

Tondo is a district located in Manila, Philippines. It is the largest in terms of area and population of Manila's sixteen districts,[1] with a Census-estimated 628,106 people in 2010[2] and consists of two congressional districts. It is also the most densely populated district in the city. Today, if it were an independent city, Tondo would rank as the tenth most populous city in the Philippines, behind only the other districts of the City of Manila combined, and the cities of Quezon, Caloocan, Davao, Cebu, Zamboanga, Taguig, Antipolo and Pasig. Tondo hosts the country's largest ports, the Manila North Harbour and the Manila International Container Terminal.

According to Laguna Copperplate Inscription, Tondo has existed since 900 AD, and has been ruled by Jayadeva who holds the Sanskrit title Senapati or "admiral".

History

Etymology

Numerous theories on the origin of the name "Tondó" have been put forward. Philippine National Artist Nick Joaquin suggested that it might be a reference to high ground ("tundok").[3] French linguist Jean-Paul Potet, however, has suggested that the River Mangrove, Aegiceras corniculatum, which at the time was called "tundok" ("tinduk-tindukan" today), is the most likely origin of the name.[4]

Kingdom of Tondo

Main article: Kingdom of Tondo
Laguna Copperplate Inscription (c. 900 AD)

The former region of Tondo is over eleven hundred years old. Historically, Tondo already existed in the year 900 AD according to the Laguna Copperplate Inscription,[5] a legal document written in Kawi now housed in the National Museum of the Philippines. According to this document, Tondo was ruled by person called Jayadeva who holds the Sanskrit title of senapati or the equivalent of an admiral. The Kingdom of Tondo also extended all the way to the modern-day province of Bulacan particularly around Lihan (Malolos) and Gatbuca (Calumpit).

Tondo was ruled by a line of lakan until the Spanish conquest.

Colonial period

After the Spaniards conquered Tundun in January 1571 they established the Province of Tondo with the city of Manila as its center, the province covered much territories in Northern Luzon particularly Pampanga, Bulacan and Rizal (formerly called Morong) In census conducted by Miguel de Loarca in 1583 Tondo was reported to have spoken the same language as the natives of the province of Pampanga.[6] Institute of National Language commissioner Jose Villa Panganiban also wrote that the dividing line between Kapampangan and Tagalog was the Pasig River, and that Tondo therefore originally spoke Kapampangan.[7] although Fray Isacio Rodriquez's Historia dela Provincia del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus de Filipinas stated that Provincia de Tagalos which is Tondo covers all the territories of the future Archdiocese of Manila. Prior to the establishment of the Province of Bulacan in 1578 Malolos and Calumpit were also included in the territory of Tondo as its visitas. In 1800, the Province of Tondo was renamed to Province of Manila.

Tondo was one of the first provinces to declare rebellion against Spain in year 1896. In 1911, under the American colonial regime, there was a major reorganization of political divisions, and the province of Tondo was dissolved, and its towns given to the provinces of Rizal and Bulacan. Today, Tondo just exists as a district in the City of Manila.

Characteristics

List of Cultural Properties of Tondo

Cultural Property
wmph identifier		 Site name Description Province City/Municipality Address/Location Coordinates Image
Santo Niño de Tondo Church (Tondo Church) Santo Niño de Tondo Church (Tondo Church) Metro Manila Tondo, Manila #600 Lorenzo Chacon Street 14°36′29″N 120°58′03″E / 14.607936°N 120.967593°E / 14.607936; 120.967593 (Santo Niño de Tondo Church (Tondo Church))

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Manila Railroad Company Manila Railroad Company Metro Manila Tondo, Manila Bonifacio Drive 14°36′25″N 120°58′21″E / 14.606933°N 120.972407°E / 14.606933; 120.972407 (Manila Railroad Company)

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Mary Johnston Hospital Mary Johnston Hospital Metro Manila Tondo, Manila #1221 Juan Nolasco cor. Morga Streets 14°36′32″N 120°57′59″E / 14.609022°N 120.966280°E / 14.609022; 120.966280 (Mary Johnston Hospital)
Iglesia Evangélica Metodista en las Islas Filipinas Iglesia Evangélica Metodista en las Islas Filipinas Metro Manila Tondo, Manila Nicolas Zamora Street 14°36′50″N 120°58′10″E / 14.613980°N 120.969494°E / 14.613980; 120.969494 (Iglesia Evangélica Metodista en las Islas Filipinas)

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Lakbayaw Festival

On the third Sunday of January, the Sto. Niño festivals began in various parts of the country, particularly in Tondo, Manila. Its parish priest Fr. Enrique Santos, of the Sto. Niño Parish, said the celebrations of 2008 started "with the traditional procession of devotees dancing on the street while carrying images of the Child Jesus; a pagoda carrying an old image of Sto. Niño from Spain will lead the parade with 20 smaller boats accompanying it; the parish in Tondo houses the image of Sto. Niño made of ivory that was brought to the country by Augustinian priests from Acapulco, Mexico in the late 1570s."[8]

Hospitals

Landmarks

Tondo is the backdrop for the independent movie Tribu, which shows street life and gang life from an impoverished boy's point of view.

Photos

References

  1. ↑ "Republic Act No. 409: AN ACT TO REVISE THE CHARTER OF THE CITY OF MANILA, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES". Official Gazette.
  2. ↑ "2010 Census of Population and Housing: Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay" (PDF).
  3. ↑ Joaqiun, Nick (1990). Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young. City of Manila: Anvil Publishing, Inc. ISBN 978-9715693134.
  4. ↑ Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2013). Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog. p. 444. ISBN 9781291457261.
  5. ↑ Paul Morrow's The Laguna Copperplate Inscription
  6. ↑ Miguel de Loarca's Census of 1583
  7. ↑ Panganiban
  8. ↑ www.abs-cbnnews.com, Sto. Niño festivals start Saturday

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tondo, Manila.

Coordinates: 14°37′01″N 120°58′01″E / 14.617°N 120.967°E / 14.617; 120.967

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