Typhoon Mujigae

Typhoon Mujigae (Kabayan)
Typhoon (JMA scale)
Category 4 (Saffir–Simpson scale)

Typhoon Mujigae over the Leizhou Peninsula on October 4
Formed September 30, 2015
Dissipated October 5, 2015
Highest winds 10-minute sustained: 155 km/h (100 mph)
1-minute sustained: 215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure 950 hPa (mbar); 28.05 inHg
Fatalities 29 confirmed
Damage $4.13 billion (2015 USD)
Areas affected Philippines, Vietnam, China
Part of the 2015 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Mujigae, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Kabayan, was the strongest storm to strike the province of Guangdong in the month of October.[1] The storm affected the Philippines, southern China and northern Vietnam during early October 2015 as a strong typhoon. The typhoon originated from a weak tropical disturbance near Palau on September 28. The system subsequently developed into the twenty-second named storm of the annual typhoon season on October 1.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the track and intensity of the storm according to the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale

On September 28, a cluster of thunderstorms developed into a tropical disturbance near Palau. With further organization, the JMA classified the system to a tropical depression early on September 30.[2] On the next day, the PAGASA upgraded it to a tropical depression, assigning it the name Kabayan.[3] The JTWC designated it as 22W later that day and started issuing warnings.[4] All three agencies later classified Kabayan as a tropical storm, with the JMA naming it Mujigae.[5][6][7] The system was located in a region of light vertical wind shear.

By October 2, Mujigae made landfall over Aurora province and the JTWC later downgraded the system to a tropical depression.[8] Soon, the storm left the Philippine Area of Responsibility. Later on the same day, Mujigae reemerged into the South China Sea, where weak vertical wind shear and warm sea surface temperature favored development and reorganization of the system. The JTWC upgraded it back to a tropical storm whilst the JMA upgraded its intensity to severe tropical storm strength.[9][10] The next day, due to radial outflow, Mujigae began a phase of rapid deepening, with convection wrapping around a developing eye, as it moved towards western Guangdong, China, prompting the JMA and the JTWC to classify Mujigae as a typhoon.[11][12]

The JTWC upgraded Mujigae to a Category 4-equivalent typhoon. At that time the storm was about 350 km (215 mi) south-southwest of Hong Kong. Later on the same day, Mujigae made landfall for the second time near Zhanjiang, China.

Preparations and impact

Philippines

The city of Iba, on the western side of Luzon Island in the northern Philippines, was deluged with at least 175 mm (7 inches) of rain in just 24 hours. Manila was spared the worst of it but still got approximately 50 mm (2 inches) during that same time. Commander Armand Balilo, coast guard spokesman, said search-and-rescue ships were scouring the sea west of Pangasinan, Ilocos and Zambales after two cargo ships bound for Japan had picked up nine fishermen of the Philippines, of which are all conscious from a capsized boat. According to the NDRRMC, damages amounted to PHP40.86 million (US$1.3 million)[13] Two people were reported dead in Central Luzon from the Office of Civil Defense (OCD).[14]

China

In Hainan and coastal Guangdong province, around 60,000 fishing boats were recalled to harbor to shelter from the storm. Three were reported dead in Foshan as a tornado struck from the rainbands of Mujigae and a fisherman died at sea off Zhanjiang.[15] Mujigae damaged more than 700 houses and 282,700 hectares of farmland in Guangdong inflicting 23.24 billion yuan (US$3.66 billion) in economic losses.[16][17] Losses of 175 million yuan (US$27.54 million) were reported over Guangxi.[15] As of October 7, 20 people are reported dead.[18]

Hong Kong

As Mujigae approached Hong Kong from the southeast, the Hong Kong Observatory issued the Standby Signal No. 1 at 20:40 HKT (12:40 UTC) on October 2, when Mujigae was 670 kilometres to the southeast of Hong Kong. As the cyclone gradually intensified and moved closer to Guangdong, the Strong Wind Signal No. 3 was issued at 10:20 HKT (2:20 UTC) on October 3. Winds subsequently strengthened to become strong easterlies with gale winds over the southwestern part of Hong Kong. Strong winds and heavy rains ripped scaffoldings off buildings and knocked down scores of trees. The MTR Corp apologised to commuters after a power cut caused by a tree collapsing onto overhead cables near Fanling Station occurred, disrupting services for nearly two hours on the East Rail Line on the morning of 4 October. On the next day, a runner in this year's “Lantau 2 Peaks – A Skyrunner World Series Event” was saved by a tree, escaping with a broken arm, when he slipped off the trail and plunged down a slope near Ngong Ping in the stormy weather on Sunday morning. The 45-year-old Belgian, identified only as Michel by police, was running on Tei Tong Tsai Country Trail when he slipped at about 11.30am, with the wind reaching gale force at times. He is said to have fallen about four metres down the slope before the tree halted his fall. Rescuers took about two hours to reach the runner and a similar time to free him. He was first taken to Ngong Ping cable car station on a stretcher before being taken by ambulance to Princess Margaret Hospital.

A small craft, single-hull, production vessel named Europa, left Hong Kong October 1, 2015. They were headed for Subic Bay near Manila. The British captain, one fellow Brit and one each American, Canadian, and Filipino crew were not located after they initiated an EPRIB.

Retirement

Due to the high damage toll caused by the storm in China, the name Mujigae was retired at the Fourth Joint Session of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee and WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones during 2016. A replacement name will be chosen in March 2017.[19]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Typhoon Mujigae reportedly the most powerful storm in history to hit China in Oct... Brings "rare tornadoes" many injured". The Big Wobble. October 5, 2015.
  2. ↑ "WWJP25 RJTD 300000". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
  3. ↑ "Tropical depression 'Kabayan': Signal No. 1 up in parts of Luzon". Inquirer.net. October 1, 2015.
  4. ↑ "Tropical Depression 22W (Twentytwo) Warning Nr 001". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2015.
  5. ↑ "TS 1522 MUJIGAE (1522) UPGRADED FROM TD". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2015.
  6. ↑ "Tropical Storm 22W (Twentytwo) Warning Nr 003". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2015.
  7. ↑ http://www.webcitation.org/6bxSLjRxn
  8. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 22W (Twentytwo) Warning Nr 04". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
  9. ↑ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 22W (Mujigae) Warning Nr 06". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
  10. ↑ "STS 1522 MUJIGAE (1522) UPGRADED FROM TS". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
  11. ↑ "Typhoon 22W (Mujigae) Warning Nr 011". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  12. ↑ "TY 1522 MUJIGAE (1522) UPGRADED FROM STS". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  13. ↑ "SitRep No.13 re Preparedness Measures and Effects of TS KABAYAN (MUJIGAE)" (PDF). NDRRMC. October 10, 2015. Retrieved October 10, 2015.
  14. ↑ "Kabayan leaves 2 dead, 31 missing". PhilStar. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
  15. 1 2 "Typhoon Mujigae batters South China, kills 7". Xinhuanet. October 5, 2015.
  16. ↑ "Death toll in China from Typhoon Mujigae rises to 19, state media says". South China Morning Post. Reuters. October 7, 2015. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
  17. ↑ Susmita Pathak Mishra (October 7, 2015). "Typhoon Mujigae: 19 deaths reported in China". International Business Times. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
  18. ↑ "China says death toll from Typhoon Mujigae reaches 20". The Jakarta Post. October 7, 2015.
  19. ↑ http://www.typhooncommittee.org/48th/docs/final/TC48FINAL.pdf

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