Vivaro-Alpine dialect
| Vivaro-Alpine | |
|---|---|
| vivaroaupenc | |
| Native to | France, Italy |
| Region | Southern France, Occitan Valleys |
|
Indo-European
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog |
gard1245 (Gardiol)[1] |
| Linguasphere |
51-AAA-gf & 51-AAA-gg |
Vivaro-Alpine (Occitan: vivaroalpenc, vivaroaupenc) is a variety of Occitan spoken in southeastern France (namely, around the Dauphiné area) and northwestern Italy (the Occitan Valleys of Piedmont and Liguria).[2][3] There is also a small Vivaro-Alpine enclave in the Guardia Piemontese, Calabria, where the language is known as gardiòl. It belongs to the Northern Occitan dialect block, along with Auvergnat and Limousin.
Naming and classification
Vivaro-Alpine had been considered as a sub-dialect of Provençal, and named provençal alpin (Alpine Provençal) or Northern Provençal.[4]
Its use in the Dauphiné area has also lead to the use of dauphinois or dauphinois alpin to name it.[5] Along with Ronjat[5] and Bec,[6] it is now clearly recognized as a dialect of its own.
The UNESCO Atlas of World's languages in danger[7] uses the Alpine Provençal name, and considers it as seriously endangered.
Subdialects
- Western: Vivarodaufinenc (native name) or Vivaro-Dauphinois (French name) near northern Vivarais (Annonay), northeastern Velay (Yssingeaux), a southern fringe of Forez (Saint-Bonnet-le-Château and around Saint-Étienne), Drôme department (Valence, Die, Montélimar) and a fringe in southern Isère department.
- Eastern: Alpine (English name) or Alpenc, Aupenc (native name), in the Occitan Alps.
- Gavòt (native name) or Gavot (French name) in the western Occitan Alps, which are located in France, around Digne, Sisteron, Gap, Barcelonnette and the upper County of Nice.
- Cisalpine or Eastern Alpine (native names: Cisalpenc or Alpenc Oriental) in the eastern Occitan Alps AKA Occitan Valleys, which are located in Italy (Piedmont and Liguria).
References
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Gardiol". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ (French) Jean-Marie Klinkenberg, Des langues romanes. Introduction aux études de linguistique romane, De Boeck, 2e édition, 1999,
- ↑ La langue se divise en trois grandes aires dialectales : le nord-occitan (limousin, auvergnat, vivaro-alpin), l'occitan moyen, qui est le plus proche de la langue médiévale (languedocien et provençal au sens restreint), et le gascon (à l'ouest de la Garonne). in (French) Encyclopédie Larousse
- ↑ (French) Jean-Claude Bouvier, "L'occitan en Provence : limites, dialectes et variété" in Revue de linguistique romane 43, pp 46-62
- 1 2 (French) Jules Ronjat, Grammaire istorique des parlers provençaux modernes, vol. IV Les dialectes, Montpellier, 1941
- ↑ (French) Pierre Bec, La langue occitane, Paris, 1995
- ↑ UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger Archived February 22, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
