Woodstock (song)

"Woodstock"
Cover of the 1970 French single
Single by Joni Mitchell
from the album Ladies of the Canyon
A-side	Big Yellow Taxi
Released	April 1970
Format	7" single
Recorded	1970, A&M Studios, Hollywood
Genre	Folk rock[1]
Length	5:25
Label	Reprise
Writer(s)	Joni Mitchell
Producer(s)	Joni Mitchell
Joni Mitchell singles chronology
"Chelsea Morning" (1969) "Woodstock" (1970) "Carey" (1971)

"Woodstock"
Cover of the 1970 French single
Single by Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
from the album Déjà Vu
B-side	Helpless
Released	March 1970
Format	7" single
Recorded	July – December 1969 Wally Heider's Studio C (San Francisco) and Wally Heider's Studio III (LA)
Genre	Hard rock, blues rock
Length	3:54
Label	Atlantic
Producer(s)	Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young singles chronology
"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" (1969) "Woodstock" (1970) "Teach Your Children" (1970)
Audio sample file info · help

"Woodstock"
Single by Matthews Southern Comfort
from the album Later That Same Year (non-UK editions)
B-side	Scion (UK) Ballad Of Obray Ramsey (US)
Released	24 July 1970 (UK) November 1970 (US)
Format	7" single
Recorded	1970
Genre	Folk rock
Length	4:26
Label	MCA
Producer(s)	Iain Matthews
Matthews Southern Comfort singles chronology
"Ballad of Obray Ramsey" (UK) "Colorado Springs Eternal" (US) (1970) "Woodstock" (1970) "Mare, Take Me Home" (1971)

"Woodstock" is a popular song written by Joni Mitchell and included on her 1970 album Ladies of the Canyon. The song was notably covered by both Matthews Southern Comfort and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young and became a counterculture anthem.

Lyrics

Joni Mitchell wrote the song from what she had heard from then-boyfriend, Graham Nash, about the Woodstock Music and Art Festival. She had not been there herself, since she was told by a manager that it would be more advantageous for her to appear on The Dick Cavett Show. She wrote it in a hotel room in New York City, watching televised reports of the festival. "The deprivation of not being able to go provided me with an intense angle on Woodstock," she told an interviewer shortly after the event.^[2] David Crosby, interviewed for the documentary Joni Mitchell: Woman of Heart and Mind, stated that Mitchell had captured the feeling and importance of the Woodstock festival better than anyone who had been there.^[3]

The lyrics tell a story about a spiritual journey to Max Yasgur's farm, the place of the festival, and makes prominent use of sacred imagery, comparing the festival site with the Garden of Eden ("and we've got to get ourselves back to the garden"). The saga commences with the narrator's encounter of a fellow traveler ("Well, I came upon a child of God, he was walking along the road") and concludes at their ultimate destination ("by the time we got to Woodstock, we were half a million strong"). There are also references to the Vietnam War ("bombers riding shotgun in the sky...") in combination with the peaceful intent of the festival goers (...turning into butterflies above our nation").^[4][5]

Releases and cover versions

Joni Mitchell

Prior to release on any album, Mitchell performed "Woodstock" at the 1969 Big Sur Folk Festival, one month after Woodstock. The solo performance can be seen in the festival concert film Celebration at Big Sur (released in 1971). Mitchell had not yet developed her distaste for large festival gigs.^[6] Released on Mitchell's third album Ladies of the Canyon in March 1970, "Woodstock" served as B-side for that album's single "Big Yellow Taxi". Mitchell re-recorded "Woodstock" for her two live albums, Miles of Aisles and Shadows and Light. The original track was included on the 1996 compilation Hits. Mitchell's original version featured a stark and haunting arrangement – solo vocal, multi-tracked backing vocals and tremoloed Wurlitzer electric piano, all performed by Mitchell.

Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young

About the same time that Ladies of the Canyon appeared, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young's upbeat hard rock arrangement was released as lead single from their Déjà Vu album. This version opens with a distinctly staccato lead guitar lick played by Neil Young, who also plays the stinging solo. Stephen Stills sings the lead vocal with backing harmonies from David Crosby and Graham Nash. The Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young version of "Woodstock" is also notable for the start-stop patterns just prior to the "We are stardust, we are golden..." chorus.^[4]

Although Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young learned the song from Joni Mitchell herself, the band's version slightly rearranged the lyrics from her original. They put the line, "we are billion year old carbon"—which only appeared in her final chorus—into each of the first three choruses. Then they replaced that line with "we are caught in the devil's bargain" in the last chorus which was also in Mitchel's final chorus.

"Woodstock" was one of the few Déjà Vu tracks where Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young all performed their parts in the same session. Later the original lead vocal by was partly replaced with a vocal recorded by Stills who recalled: "I replaced one and a half verses that were excruciatingly out of tune." Neil Young disagreed, saying "the track was magic. Then later on [Crosby, Stills & Nash] were in the studio nitpicking [with the result that] Stephen erased the vocal and put another one on that wasn't nearly as good."^[7] The Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young version of "Woodstock" peaked at #11 on the Billboard Hot 100 in May 1970 and #3 in Canada. A different recording of "Woodstock" by Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young was played under the closing credits of the documentary film Woodstock released March 1970.

Matthews Southern Comfort

"Woodstock" became an international hit in 1970–71 via a version by Matthews Southern Comfort whose frontman Iain Matthews recalled, "We had to do four songs on a BBC [Radio] lunchtime show. We worked up an arrangement for 'Woodstock'" – which Matthews knew from Mitchell's Ladies of the Canyon album – "and the response was so good that we [recorded and released it] as a single."^[8]

Andy Leigh, the group's bassist, said, "We took [the song] apart and reassembled it and we knew we had something. We were an album band. We didn't do singles. But we knew this...was something special...The record company said they would only release [our version] if [Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young] did not have a [UK] hit with theirs". After the CSN&Y version failed to reach the UK charts "[MCA] reluctantly released ours because of that agreement but they wouldn't spend a penny on promotion...But our managers, who were excellent, hired a PR, a songplugger. Tony Blackburn, who had the breakfast show on Radio 1, played 'Woodstock' and kept playing it and other DJs started doing the same." ^[9]

Issued 24 July 1970, "Woodstock" debuted on the UK Top 50 on 26 September 1970 and reached #1 on 31 October 1970 remaining there for two additional weeks. It also afforded Matthews' Southern Comfort an international hit, charting in Austria (#15), Canada (#5), Germany (#27), Finland (#23), Ireland (#2), the Netherlands (#17), Norway (#2), Poland (#2), Sweden (#2), South Africa (#3) and the US (#23).

Preceded by ""Band of Gold" by Freda Payne

UK number one single 31 October 1970 for three weeks

Succeeded by "Voodoo Child" by Jimi Hendrix

Others

• The Assembled Multitude's 1970 instrumental version reached #79 in the US.
• The Finnish rendering "Kesäpäivä" recorded by Karma (fi) for their 1976 album Huomenta Suomi has an arrangement based on the Matthews Southern Comfort version of "Woodstock".
• Led Zeppelin incorporated Woodstock's lyrics and structure into live renditions of "Dazed and Confused" between 1973 and 1975.^[10]
• In 1994 Toto co-founder and long time vocalist Bobby Kimball included a rock version of the song as opener on his solo album Rise Up.^[11] Kimball's version is closer to Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young's arrangement than to Joni Mitchell's original.
• In 1995 Tuck & Patti included their own version of "Woodstock" (with Patti adding scat-singing and percussive vocals in between the verses) in their album "Learning How to Fly."
• In 1997 James Taylor performed "Woodstock" live at the 12th annual Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction ceremony in tribute to Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young.
• A version of "Woodstock" was released on the 2004 album Grace of the Sun by Richie Havens.
• America remade "Woodstock" for their 2012 release Back Pages a cover album that according to group member Gerry Beckley comprises "killer songs that are great examples that come from our best songwriters."^[12] Beckley's co-member Dewey Bunnell states: "Joni Mitchell's 'Woodstock' is an anthem for me in the truest sense...a call to action....and I've always been a child of the 60's at heart."^[13]
• Spin Doctors finished off their Woodstock '94 performance with a version of the song.

In popular culture

• A line from the chorus, "We are billion year old carbon," was used by Corey Mesler as the title of a novel about the 1960s.^[14]
• In an episode of the television drama The West Wing, "The Warfare of Genghis Khan", a NASA administrator shows the Orion Nebula to Josh Lyman through a telescope and describes it to him, explaining that "Everything, every atom in our bodies, comes from exploding stars" and concluding "I guess Joni Mitchell was right: 'We are stardust'".^[15]
• The 20th episode of Six Feet Under, "Back to the Garden", takes its title from the song's lyrics, and features it prominently in the episode, including a closing scene in which Frances Conroy, in a broken voice, sings along with the song as it plays from a cassette tape.
• British punk group Chumbawamba referenced a lyric in their song "I'm Not Sorry, I Was Having Fun." The lyric "By the time we got to Woodstock, we were half a million strong" became "By the time I got to Woodstock, it was going up in flames," referring to the disastrous Woodstock 1999 festival.
• In 2013, a New York Times blog praised and shared a video of Heather Maloney and Darlingside covering Woodstock.^[16]

References

1. Kevin J.H. Dettmar (11 January 2013). Is Rock Dead?. Routledge. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-136-77403-4.
2. William Ruhlmann, "Joni Mitchell: From Blue to Indigo," (1995) republished in Stacey Luftig, ed., The Joni Mitchell Companion: Four Decades of Commentary New York: Schirmer Books, pp. 37–38
3. Joni Mitchell: Woman of Heart and Mind
4. "Woodstock – Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young | AllMusic". allmusic.com. 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
5. Joni Mitchell's website – Woodstock song lyrics
6. Ruhlmann, in Luftig, ed., p. 37; Phil Sutcliffe, "Joni Mitchell (interview)", Q, May 1988, republished in Lustig, ed., pp. 141–142.
7. Zimmer, Dave (2000). Crosby Stills & Nash: the biography. Boston: DaCapo Press. p. 111. ISBN 9780306816154.
8. Kutner, Jon (2005). 1000 UK Number One Hits. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1844492831.
9. "Conjuring up a hit from rock history". Plymouth Herald. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
10. Monk, Katherine. Joni: The Creative Odyssey of Joni Mitchell. New York: Greystone Books, 2012, p. 99.
11. Bobby Kimball's Official Discography on www.bobbykimball.com/#!rise-up/cpgl
12. "America Goes Under Cover With Album of Favorites". GoldMineMag.com. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
13. "Q & A with Gerry Beckley & Dewey Bunnell". VenturaHighway.com. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
14. Deusner, Steven (26 May 2006). "... With the Memphis Blues Again". PopMatters. Retrieved 9 August 2008.
15. "The Warfare of Genghis Khan". Retrieved 1 March 2014.
16. Haller, Val (December 10, 2013). "Joni Mitchell's 'Woodstock,' by Heather Maloney and Darlingside". Booming Blog. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2013. Retrieved April 15, 2016.