South African type MT tender

Type MT tender no. 2737 on Class 19D, 2012

Type and origin
Locomotive	Class 12A, Class 19B, Class 19C, Class 19D
Designer	South African Railways (Col F.R. Collins DSO)
Builder	Berliner Maschinenbau Borsig Lokomotiv Werke Henschel and Son Friedrich Krupp AG North British Locomotive Company Robert Stephenson & Hawthorns Škoda Works
In service	1928-1945
Rebuilder	South African Railways
Rebuild date	1945-1948
Rebuilt to	Type MT1, Type MT2

Specifications
Configuration	2-axle bogies
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Length	27 ft 5 ³⁄₈ in (8,366 mm)
Wheel dia.	34 in (864 mm)
Wheelbase	20 ft 5 in (6,223 mm)
• Bogie	6 ft 2 in (1,880 mm)
Axle load	16 LT 11 cwt (16,820 kg)
• Front bogie	32 LT 18 cwt (33,430 kg)
• Rear bogie	33 LT 2 cwt (33,630 kg)
Weight empty	61,520 lb (27,910 kg)
Weight w/o	66 LT (67,060 kg)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel cap.	12 LT (12.2 t)
Water cap.	6,000 imp gal (27,300 l)
Stoking	Manual
Couplers	Drawbar & AAR knuckle

Career
Operators	South African Railways
Numbers	SAR 1401–1414, 1540-1550, 2103-2110, 2126-2138, 2435–2484, 2506-2545, 2626-2770, N47-N57

Main article: South African steam locomotive tenders

The South African type MT tender was a steam locomotive tender.

Type MT tenders entered service between 1928 and 1945, as tenders to the Classes 12A, 19B, 19C and 19D 4-8-2 Mountain type steam locomotives which were placed in service by the South African Railways during that period.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Manufacturers

Type MT tenders were built between 1928 and 1945 by Berliner Maschinenbau, Borsig Lokomotiv Werke, Henschel and Son, Friedrich Krupp AG, North British Locomotive Company (NBL), Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns, and Škoda Works.^[1]

The South African Railways (SAR) placed 67 Class 12A 4-8-2 Mountain type locomotives in service between 1919 and 1929, built by North British and Henschel. The engines were designed by D.A. Hendrie, Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the SAR from 1910 to 1922. The locomotives were delivered in five batches and with two tender types, the Type MP1 in 1919 and 1921 and the Type MT in 1928 and 1929. The design of the Type MT tender was by Hendrie's successor, Colonel F.R. Collins DSO, the CME from 1922 to 1929.^[1]^[4]

The official SAR tender diagrams show the Type MT tender as having first entered service in 1919, but builder's pictures of the North British-built Class 12A no. 1520 of 1919 and no. 2111 of 1921 show them with Type MP1 tenders. Builder's pictures of Henschel-built Class 12A no. 1543 of 1928 and North British-built no. 2131 of 1929 show the engines with Type MT tenders. It would therefore appear that Type MT tenders first entered service in 1928, not 1919.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Characteristics

The Type MT tender had a coal capacity of 12 long tons (12.2 tonnes), a water capacity of 6,000 imperial gallons (27,300 litres) and an axle loading of 16 long tons 11 hundredweight (16,820 kilograms).^[2]^[3]

Locomotives

Four locomotive classes, built by seven manufacturers, were delivered new with Type MT tenders, which were numbered for their engines in the number ranges as shown. An oval number plate, bearing the engine number and often also the tender type, was attached to the rear end of the tender. In addition, eleven spare Type MT tenders were built new and numbered in the range from N47 to N57.^[1]^[2]^[3]

1928 and 1929: Class 12A, numbers 1540 to 1550, 2103 to 2110 and 2126 to 2138.^[3]
1930: Class 19B, numbers 1401 to 1414.^[3]
1935: Class 19C, numbers 2435 to 2484.^[3]
1937 to 1945: Class 19D, numbers 2506 to 2545 and 2626 to 2770.^[3]

The Classes 19B and 19C and most of the Class 19D were delivered with these high-capacity tenders, even though the axle loading of these tenders exceeded the permissible limits on the branchlines for which the Classes 19 were intended. Upon delivery, their new Type MT tenders were exchanged for the smaller modified Type MP1 tenders from many of the reboilered mainline locomotives. The Type MP1 had a lighter axle load of 13 long tons 15 hundredweight (13,970 kilograms) and was therefore more suitable for branchline work. This policy was followed with all the Classes 19B, 19C and 19D upon delivery, except the last batch of Class 19D which were delivered with Type MX torpedo tenders.^[1]

Classification letters

Since many tender types are interchangeable between different locomotive classes and types, a tender classification system was adopted by the SAR. The first letter of the tender type indicates the classes of engines to which it could be coupled. The "M_" tenders could be used with the locomotive classes as shown, although in some cases, engine drawbars and intermediate emergency chains had to be replaced or adjusted to suit the target locomotive.^[3]

Class 12, Class 12A and Class 12B.
Class 14, Class 14A and Class 14B.
Class 15 and Class 15A.
Class 16, Class 16A, Class 16B and Class 16C.
Class 19, Class 19A, Class 19B, Class 19C and Class 19D.
Class 20.
Class 24.
Class MC1, Class MH and Class MJ.
Class S2.

The second letter indicates the tender's water capacity. The "_T" tenders had a capacity of between 5,587 and 6,000 imperial gallons (25,400 and 27,300 litres; 6,710 and 7,210 US gallons).^[3]

A number, when added after the letter code, indicates differences between similar tender types, such as function, wheelbase or coal bunker capacity.^[3]

Modifications

On the original Type MT tenders, as built, the raised part of the tender sides are approximately two-thirds of the tender's length. Several of these tenders were reclassified after being modified by enlarging their coal bunkers. Those which had their bunkers enlarged to a 13 long tons (13.2 tonnes) coal capacity were reclassified to Type MT1, while those which had their bunkers enlarged to a 14 long tons (14.2 tonnes) coal capacity were reclassified to Type MT2.^[3]

Illustration

Builder's pictures of four of the Class 12A locomotive batches show them with the two tender types with which they were delivered, Type MP1 until 1921 and Type MT from 1928. The last three pictures serve to illustrate the difference in appearance between the Types MT, MT1 and MT2 versions.

Type MP1 on NBL-built no. 1520, c. 1919
MP1 on NBL's no. 2111, c. 1921
Type MT on Henschel-built no. 1543, c. 1928
Type MT on NBL-built no. 2131, c. 1929
Type MT on Class 19D, 2012.
Type MT1 on Class 15AR, 1979
Type MT2 on Class 20, c. 1945

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 Holland, D.F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 38–40, 67–71, 93–96. ISBN 978-0-7153-5427-8.
1 2 3 4 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. 27, 45.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 2'0" & 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte, Steam Locomotives/Stoomlokomotiewe. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. 6a-7a, 21-21a, 27, 45.
1 2 Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1945). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter VII - South African Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, October 1945. pp. 779-783.
↑ Dulez, Jean A. (2012). Railways of Southern Africa 150 Years (Commemorating One Hundred and Fifty Years of Railways on the Sub-Continent - Complete Motive Power Classifications and Famous Trains - 1860-2011) (1st ed.). Garden View, Johannesburg, South Africa: Vidrail Productions. pp. 106–108. ISBN 9 780620 512282.
↑ Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1946). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter VII - South African Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, Jul 1946. pp. 541-542.
↑ Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 10–11, 71. ISBN 0869772112.

South African steam locomotive tenders

Cape gauge	Type CL Type CZ Type ET Type ET1 Type EW Type EW1 Type EW2 Type FT Type GT Type HT Type JT Type JT1 Type JV Type KT Type LP Type MP Type MP1 Type MR Type MS Type MT Type MT1 Type MT2 Type MX Type MY Type MY1 Type SH Type SK Type TJ Type TL Type TM Type WE Type WG Type X-17 Type X-20 Type XC Type XC1 Type XD Type XE Type XE1 Type XF Type XF1 Type XF2 Type XJ Type XM Type XM1 Type XM2 Type XM3 Type XM4 Type XP1 Type XS Type YB Type YC Type YE Type YE1 Type ZA Type ZB Type ZC Type ZE

List of South African locomotive classes South African locomotive history

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

7' ¼" gauge	East London 0-4-0VB Table Bay 0-4-0ST Table Bay 0-4-0T Table Bay 0-4-0WT

4' 8½" gauge	Cape 0-4-0T Blackie Cape 0-4-2 Cape 2-4-0T CGR 0-4-0ST Aid Natal 0-4-0ST Durban Natal 0-4-0WT Natal Natal 4-4-0T Perseverance

3' 6" gauge Tank engines	CGR 0-4-0ST 1873 CGR 0-4-0ST 1874 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 CGR 0-4-0ST 1881 Coffee Pot CGR 0-6-0ST CGR 0-6-0T CGR 2-6-0ST 1900 CGR 2-6-0ST 1902 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1875 CGR 1st Class 0-4-0ST 1876 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0ST CGR 1st Class 4-4-0T CGR 2nd Class 4-4-0T CGR 3rd Class 2-6-0T CGR Railmotor CSAR Class C CSAR Class E CSAR Rack 4-6-4RT CSAR Railmotor Durban's Congella Durban's Edward Innes Durban's John Milne Durban's Sir Albert Port Elizabeth 0-4-0ST Kowie Railway 0-6-0T Kowie Railway 4-4-0T Metropolitan & Suburban 4-6-2T NGR 2-6-0T Durban & Pietermaritzburg NGR Class I 2-6-2T NGR Class K 0-4-0ST NGR Class K 0-6-0ST NGR Class K 2-6-0T NZASM 10 Tonner NZASM 13 Tonner NZASM 14 Tonner NZASM 18 Tonner NZASM 19 Tonner NZASM 32 Tonner NZASM 40 Tonner PPR 26 Tonner PPR 35 Tonner Portuguese SAR Class A SAR Class B SAR Class C SAR Class C1 SAR Class C2 SAR Class D SAR Class E SAR Class F SAR Class G SAR Class H SAR Class H1 SAR Class H2 SAR Class J SAR Class K SAR Railmotor SAR Dock 0-4-0ST SAR Dock 0-4-0T SWA 2-8-0T

3' 6" gauge Tender engines	CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 BP CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1876 Kitson CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1879 CGR 1st Class 2-6-0 1891 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0 CGR 1st Class 4-4-0TT CGR 2nd Class 2-6-2TT CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1883 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1884 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1889 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1898 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1901 CGR 3rd Class 4-4-0 1903 CGR 4th Class 4-4-2 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1880 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1882 Joy CGR 4th Class 4-6-0TT 1884 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1890 CGR 5th Class 4-6-0 1891 NGR Havelock NGR Class I SAR Class Exp 1 SAR Class Exp 2 SAR Class Exp 3 SAR Class Exp 4 SAR Class Exp 5 SAR Class Exp 6 SAR Class S SAR Class S1 SAR Class S2 SAR Class 1 SAR Class 1A SAR Class 1B SAR Class 2 SAR Class 2C SAR Class 3 SAR Class 3A SAR Class 3B SAR Class 4 SAR Class 4A SAR Class 5 SAR Class 5A SAR Class 5B SAR Class 6 SAR Class 6A SAR Class 6B SAR Class 6C SAR Class 6D SAR Class 6E SAR Class 6F SAR Class 6G SAR Class 6H SAR Class 6J SAR Class 6K SAR Class 6L SAR Class 6Y SAR Class 6Z SAR Class 7 SAR Class 7A SAR Class 7B SAR Class 7C SAR Class 7D SAR Class 7E SAR Class 7F SAR Class 8 SAR Class 8A SAR Class 8B SAR Class 8C SAR Class 8D SAR Class 8E SAR Class 8F SAR Class 8R SAR Class 8X SAR Class 8Y SAR Class 8Z SAR Class 9 SAR Class 10 SAR Class 10A SAR Class 10B SAR Class 10C SAR Class 10D SAR Class 11 SAR Class 12 SAR Class 12A SAR Class 12B SAR Class 13 SAR Class 14 SAR Class 14A SAR Class 14B SAR Class 14C 1st SAR Class 14C 2nd SAR Class 14C 3rd SAR Class 14C 4th SAR Class 15 SAR Class 15A SAR Class 15B SAR Class 15C SAR Class 15CA SAR Class 15E SAR Class 15F SAR Class 16 SAR Class 16A SAR Class 16B SAR Class 16C SAR Class 16D SAR Class 16DA 1928 SAR Class 16DA 1930 SAR Class 16E SAR Class 17 SAR Class 18 SAR Class 19 SAR Class 19A SAR Class 19B SAR Class 19C SAR Class 19D SAR Class 20 SAR Class 21 SAR Class 23 SAR Class 24 SAR Class 25 SAR Class 25NC SAR Class 26 SAR Katanga SWA 2-8-0

3' 6" gauge Articulated engines	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR Class FC SAR Class FD SAR Class GA SAR Class GB SAR Class GC SAR Class GCA SAR Class GD SAR Class GDA SAR Class GE SAR Class GEA SAR Class GF SAR Class GG SAR Class GH SAR Class GK SAR Class GL SAR Class GM SAR Class GMA SAR Class GO SAR Class HF SAR Class KM SAR Class MA SAR Class MB SAR Class MC SAR Class MC1 SAR Class MD SAR Class ME SAR Class MF SAR Class MG SAR Class MH SAR Class MJ SAR Class MJ1 SAR Class U

2' 6" gauge	Cape Copper John King & Miner Cape Copper Britannia Cape Copper Caledonia Cape Copper Clara Cape Copper Condenser Cape Copper Scotia Namaqua Copper Pioneer Walvis Bay 2-4-2T Hope

2' & 600mm gauges	ACR Class NG-G16A CGR NG 0-4-0T CGR NG 0-6-0T CGR NG 4-6-2T CGR Type A 2-6-4T CGR Type C 0-4-0T NGR Class N 4-6-2T SAR Dutton SAR NG 0-4-0T SAR Class NG1 SAR Class NG2 SAR Class NG3 SAR Class NG4 SAR Class NG5 SAR Class NG6 SAR Class NG7 SAR Class NG8 SAR Class NG9 SAR Class NG10 SAR Class NG-G11 SAR Class NG-G12 SAR Class NG-G13 SAR Class NG-G14 SAR Class NG15 SAR Class NG-G16 SWA Class Ha SWA Class Hb SWA Class Hc SWA Class Hd SWA Jung SWA Zwillinge

Electric

Amcoal Class E38

Gas-electric

SAR Gas-electric

Diesel

3' 6" gauge Diesel-electric	PRASA Class Afro 4000 SAR Class DS SAR Class DS1 SAR Class 31-000 SAR Class 32-000 SAR Class 32-200 SAR Class 33-000 SAR Class 33-200 SAR Class 33-400 SAR Class 34-000 SAR Class 34-200 SAR Class 34-400 SAR Class 34-500 SAR Class 34-600 SAR Class 34-800 SAR Class 34-900 SAR Class 35-000 SAR Class 35-200 SAR Class 35-400 SAR Class 35-600 TFR Class 35-800 SAR Class 36-000 SAR Class 36-200 SAR Class 37-000 Spoornet Class 39-000 TFR Class 39-200 TFR Class 43-000 TFR Class 44-000

2' gauge Diesel-electric	SAR Class 91-000

3' 6" gauge Diesel-hydraulic	SAR Class 61-000

3' 6" gauge Electro-diesel	Spoornet Class 38-000

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