List of sovereign states in the 7th century BC

The development of states—large-scale, populous, politically centralized, and socially stratified polities/societies governed by powerful rulers—marks one of the major milestones in the evolution of human societies. Archaeologists often distinguish between primary (or pristine) states and secondary states. Primary states evolved independently through largely internal developmental processes rather than through the influence of any other pre-existing state. The earliest known primary states appeared in Mesopatamia ca. 3700 B.C., in Egypt ca. 3300 B.C., in the Indus Valley ca. 2500 B.C., India ca 1700 B. C.,and in China ca. 1600 B.C. As they interacted with their less developed neighbors through trade, warfare, migration, and more generalized ideological influences, the primary states directly or indirectly fostered the emergence of secondary states in surrounding areas, for example, the Hittites in Anatolia, the Minoan and Mycenaean states of the Aegean, or the Nubian kingdoms in the Sudan. According to Professor Gil Stein of the University of Chicago Oriental Institute, "The excavations and archaeological surveys of the last few decades have vastly increased both the quantity and quality of what we know about ancient states and urbanism. Archaeologists have broadened the scope of their research beyond the traditional focus on rulers and urban elites. Current research now aims at understanding the role of urban commoners, craft specialists, and village-based farmers in the overall organization of ancient states and societies. Given the immense geographical scope encompassed by the term 'the Ancient World'".^[1] This is a list of sovereign states that existed between 700 BC and 601 BC. The notion of a sovereign state arises in the 16th century with the development of modern diplomacy. For earlier times, the term "sovereign state" is an anachronism. What corresponded to sovereign states in the medieval and ancient period were monarchs ruling by the grace of God, de facto feudal or imperial autocrats, or de facto independent nations or tribal confederations. This is a list of sovereign states that existed between 700 BC and 601 BC.

Africa

State	Existed
Aethiopia	c. 13th - 5th centuries BC
Carthaganian Empire	650-146 BC
Kingdom of D'mt	980 - 400 BC
Cyrenaica	631-525 BC
Garamantian Empire	1000 BC - 700 AD
Kingdom of Kush	1070 BC - 350 AD
Libu	1550-146BC
Macrobia	c. 8th - 4th centuries BC
Nok	1000 BC - 300AD

Americas

name	existed
Maya	2000 BC - 900 AD
Olmec	1400-400 BC
Paracas	800 - 100 BC
Pueblo	12th century BC - 14th century AD
Zapotec	700 BC - 1521 AD

Europe

North and West

name	existed
Brigantia	700 BC - 1st century AD
Caledonia	650 BC - 1st century AD
Kingdom of Connacht	c. 10th century BC - 1474 AD
Helvetii	650 BC - 68 AD
Silure	650 BC -
Suebi	60 BC - 409 AD

South and East

State	Existed
Arcadia	980-743 BC
Acarnania	7th - 1st century BC
Kingdom of Argolis	1200-226 BC
Republic of Athens	1068-355 BC
Cantabria	650 BC - 1st century AD
Carthaginian Empire	650-146 BC
Celtiberia	650-19 BC
Corinthia	700-338 BC
Dacia	700 BC - 106 AD
Kingdom of Etruria	768 - 264 BC
Getae	7th century BC -4th century AD
Iapydes	9th century - 34 BC
Illyria	2000-168 BC
Liburnia	11th century - 34 BC
Locria	1250-386 BC
Lucania	1000-356 BC^[2]
Magna Graecia	740 - 89 BC
Oenotria	1000-325 BC
Padanian Etruria	9th century - 5th century BC
Phocis	690 - 222 BC
Kingdom of Rome	753-509 BC
Kingdom of Sabinum	c. 760 - 494 BC
Samnium	c. 600 - 82 BC
Sicani	c. 13th century - 300 BC
Sicels	c. 11th century - 425 BC
Kingdom of Sparta	950-146 BC
Kingdom of Thessaly	950 - 344 BC
Tartessos	1000-450 BC ^[3]
Thrace	1200-450 BC
Umbria	9th century - 3rd century BC

Eurasian Steppe and Central Asia

name	existed
Aria	700 BC - 300 BC
Caspiane	650 BC - 387 AD
Bactria	1140 - 550 BC
Kingdom of Balhara	12th - 7th centuries BC
Bulgar	7th century BC - 7th century AD
Chorasmia	1290-180 BC
Cimmeria	1300 - 625 BC
Kingdom of Colchis	1300 BC - 2nd century AD
Dahae	700 - 530 BC
Huns	600 BC - 370 AD
Issedon	650-58 BC
Magyar	1100 BC - 895 AD
Qiang	2000 BC - 150 BC
Scythia	690BC-250 BC
Sogdiana	750 - 550 BC
Thyssagetae	650 BC - 110 AD
Xianyun	824-209 BC

East Asia

Name	Existed
Ba (state)	13th century - 311 BC
Cai (state)	980-447 BC
Cao (state)	1053-487 BC
Chen (state)	1046 - 479 BC
Chu (state)	1030 - 223 BC
Donghu	1400 - 150 BC
Kingdom of Gojoseon	2333 - 108 BC
Japan	660 BC - present
Jin (state)	1042-376 BC
Pi (state)	1046-418 BC
Qiang	2000 BC - 150 BC
Qi (Henan)	1600-445 BC
Qi (state)	1046-221 BC
Qin (state)	858-221 BC
Quanrong	954-301 BC
Sui (state)	771-221 BC
Sumpa	1600 BC - 7th century AD
Shu (state)	1046-316 BC
Teng (state)	1046-414 BC
Kingdom of Van Lang	2879-258 BC
Xu (state)	2000-512 BC
Yan (state)	1046-222 BC
Zhou Kingdom	1046-256 BC
Zou (state)	1012-350 BC

South Asia

Name	Existed
Anarta Kingdom	1100-550 BC
Anga Kingdom	1380-550 BC
Avanti Kingdom	900-322 BC
Danda Kingdom	1100 - 450 BC
Haryanka Kingdom	684 - 413 BC
Kalinga Kingdom	1376-285 BC
Kamboja Kingdom	1450 - 195 BC
Kasmira Kingdom	1250 - 322 BC
Kimpurusha Kingdom	1000 - 325 BC
Kirata Kingdom	1350 - c. 300 BC
Kosala	1000 - 266 BC
Lanka	1100 - 543 BC
Magadha Kingdom	799 - 323 BC
Malla Kingdom	780 - 323 BC
Matsya Kingdom	1180 - 318 BC
Panchala Kingdom	1100 - 4th century BC
Pandya Kingdom	1350 - 460 BC
Parvata Kingdom	c. 9th century - 325 BC
Pundra Kingdom	1300 BC - 550 AD
Shakya	800 - 320 BC
Sinhala Kingdom	700 - 505 BC
Surasena	1000 - 323 BC
Trigarta Kingdom	1150-322 BC
Vanga Kingdom	1300 BC - 580 AD
Vatsa	1100-323 BC
Vriji	1250 - 322 BC
Yaksha Kingdom	1200 - 350 BC

West Asia

name	existed
Aramean Kingdom	2300 – 700 BC
Kingdom of Awsan	7th century BC - 100 AD
Kingdom of Caria	11th - 6th century BC
Chaldean Kingdom	1100 - 539 BC
Kingdom of Cilicia	795 - 546 BC
Principality of Corduene	800 BC - 653 AD
Doris	1200-580 BC
Kingdom of Edom	1200 - 125 BC
Elamite Empire	1210-535 BC
Ellipian Kingdom	850-609 BC
Kingdom of Hadhramaut	700 BC - 320 AD
Kingdom of Judah	930- 586 BC
Kingdom of Lycia	1183-546 BC
Lydian Empire	680-546 BC
Magan	2200-550 BC
Mannaean Kingdom	1110-616 BC
Median Empire	678-549 BC
Kingdom of Mysia	1320 - 301 BC ^[4]
Neo-Babylonian Empire	626 - 539 BC
Paphlagonia	1480 - 183 BC^[5]
Parsua	860-600 BC
Phoenicia	1800-539 BC
Kingdom of Saba	1100-275 BC
Principality of Sam'al	1200-680 BC
Saparda Kingdom	7200-670 BC
Kingdom of Tuwanuwa	1000 - 700 BC
Kingdom of Urartu	860 - 590 BC
Principality of Zabdicene	780 BC - 5th century AD
Zikirti Kingdom	750 - 521 BC

References

↑ Stein, Gil J (2001). Understanding Ancient State Societies in the Old World. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press. pp. 353–379.
↑ Pritchard, James Cowles. "Kingdoms of Italy: Research into the Physical History of Mankind". 1999-2014. The History Files. Retrieved 18 March 2014. horizontal tab character in |title= at position 21 (help)
↑ "Ancient Kingdoms of Iberia, Spain & Portugal". 2014. Regnal Chronologies. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
↑ "Kingdoms of Anatolia". 2014. The History Files. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
↑ "Middle East Kingdoms Ancient Anatolia". 2014. The History Files. Retrieved 20 April 2014.

Lists of sovereign states by year

AD (CE)

Current list of sovereign states

Centuries

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 19th

Years

12th–18th century 1143 1400 1494 1496 1500 1528 1648 1660 1661 1768 1769 1776 1800 19th century 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 20th century 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1970 1971 1972 1973 1980 1981 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 21st century 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Decades

1820s 1830s 1840s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s

Ages

Classical Late Antiquity Middle

BC (BCE)

100 BC Centuries 35th BC 21st BC 20th BC 19th BC 18th BC 17th BC 16th BC 15th BC 14th BC 13th BC 12th BC 11th BC 10th BC 9th BC 8th BC 7th BC 6th BC 5th BC 4th BC 3rd BC 2nd BC 1st BC Ages Copper Bronze Iron Classical

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